八年级英语上册 Module 2 Everyday English同步指导及练习 外研版

用心 爱心 专心1 ModuleModule 2 2 EverydayEveryday EnglishEnglish 学习过程 一 教学重 难点 1 熟练准确地掌握本模块的 句型和短语 2 了解定语从句的结构及基本用法 二 语法 定语从句 Attributive Clauses 在句中做定语 修饰一个名词或代词 被修饰的名 词 名词词组或代词 我们称之为先行词 定语从句通常出现在先行词之后 由关系代词 who whom that which whose 和关系副词 when where why 引导 He gave me a book The book is an Chinese book 关系代词引导的定语从句 1 who 指人 在定语从句中做主语或宾语 whom 指人 在定语从句中做宾语 whose 指人或物 是所有格 在定语从句中做定语 which 指物 在定语从句中做主语或宾语 that 指物 有时也指人 在定语从句中做主语或宾语 例如 Is he the man who that wants to see you 他就是你想见的人吗 The books that which I am reading is very interesting 我正在看的这本书非常 有趣 2 但在下列情况下必须用 that 而不能用 which 1 先行词为 all everything nothing something anything none the one 等 不定代词时 例如 Say all that you know 把你知道的全部讲出来 Is there anything that I can do for you now 现在需要我为你做点什么吗 2 先行词为数词或被序数词 还有 last 修饰时 例如 This is the first film that I have seen since I came here 这是我到这里以来所看的第一部电影 The last place that they visited was the Summer Palace 他们最后参观的地 方是颐和园 3 先行词被形容词的最高级或 the very the only any few little no none of 等词修饰时 例如 This is the biggest apple that I have ever eaten 这是我所吃过的最大的苹果 用心 爱心 专心2 Mary is the only friend that I have in Australia 玛丽是我在澳大利亚的一 位朋友 4 先行词中既有人又有物时 例如 The enemy and his gun that we got were gone 我们捕获的那个敌人和他的枪都不 见了 3 在使用定语从句时下列情况下不用 that 1 当关系代词做介词宾语时 若介词提前 要用 whom 指人 或 which 指物 而不 用 that 如 The CD to which you just listened is Liu Ming s 你刚才听的 CD 是刘明的 但是当介词位于后面时 仍可用 that 或 who 如 The man that who whom John works with now is 现在和约翰一起工作的那个 going to travel all over the world 人打算周游世界 2 在非限定性定语从句 即定语从句前面与先行词 后面与谓语用逗号分开时的情况 中一般不用 that 如 The computer which I bought last year must be repaired 这台电脑 是去年买的 必须得修了 三 词和短语 1 go to the park for a game of football 去公园踢场球 2 pick up the ball 用手抓球 3 score a goal 进球得分 4 give me five 击掌 5 another time 另外的时间 6 the number of people here 这儿的人的数量 7 everyday 与 every day 的区别 8 look for information on the internet 在互联网上搜索信息 9 add the words to a new dictionary 把这些词加入新的字典里 10 depend on 依赖于 11 take out of the dictionary 从字典里删除 12 explain to sb about sth 向某人解释某事 13 look up the word in a dictionary 查字典 14 the meaning of Have a nice day Have a nice day 的意思 15 leave out words from a sentence 从一句话中删除单词 16 in a different way 用不同的方法 方式 用心 爱心 专心3 17 look under five 在 five 下面查找 18 get angry with 与某人生气 19 break the vase 打碎花瓶 20 have you stay in our house 邀请你们来我们的房子里 21 learn a lot of English from you 向你学习很多英语 22 all the time always 一直 总是 四 重点句式的讲解与分析 1 How are you doing Fine 你好吗 你近况如何 挺好的 How are you doing 与 How are you 同义 但更随意一些 可以用以下方式来 回答 I m doing OK great 我很好 Just so so 一般 Not too bad 还不错 2 What does cool mean cool 是什么意思 扩展 mean v meaning n 意义 意思 the meaning of 什么意思 adj 吝啬的 be mean to sb 恶待某人 思考 此句我们还可以怎样说 What s the meaning of cool What do you mean by cool 3 I agree with Andy 我同意安迪的意见 扩展 agree 同意 赞同 它的反义词是 disagree 1 agree with sb sth 如 He agrees with me 他同意我的意见 2 agree to n v 提议 propose 计划 plan 建议 suggestion 等词 如 He agreed to our suggestion about the holiday 他同意我们度假的建议 He agreed to go with me 他同意和我一起去 3 agree that 从句 如 She agreed that I was right 她认为我是对的 4 Languages are not dead they are alive 语言不是死的 他们是有生命的 die dead death 都是 死 的意思 但它们的词性不同 作用不同 所以用法也不 一样 扩展 1 death 是名词 是 死 死亡 之意 例如 His friend s death was a great shock to him 他朋友的去世对他是很大的打击 2 dead 是形容词 是死去的 已故的 之意 I haven t seen that kind old man I m afraid he s dead 用心 爱心 专心4 我已经好几年没有看见那位慈祥的老人了 恐怕他已去世了 the dead 表示 死人 如 The dead never revive 人死不能复生 3 die 是动词 其词形变化为 died died dying 表示 死 死亡 例如 The old man died half a month ago 那个老人半个月前去世了 die 为非延续性动词 不能与时间段连用 例如 那个老人去世有半个月了 误 The old man has died for half a month 正 The old man has been dead for half a month 正 It is has been half a month since the old man died 正 The old man died half a month ago 5 They then decide if they will add the words to a new dictionary depending on how often the word is used by people add the words to a new dictionary 把单词加入新的字典中 depend on 依赖于 be dependant on have dependence on We shouldn t depend on our parents all the time 还可以这样说 We shouldn t be dependant on our parents all the time The word is used by people 这个单词被人们所使用 use 除了 使用 之外 还有下列几个重要短语搭配 1 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 如 We used to go to school together 我们过去常常一起去上学 2 used sth to do 用某物做 如 Chinese like to use chopsticks to have meals 中国人喜欢使用筷子用餐 3 be used to do sth 被用于做某事 如 A pen is used to write 钢笔是用来写字的 4 be used for doing sth 被用于 做 某事 如 Paper is used for writing on 纸是用来往上写字的 5 be used to doing sth 习惯 做 某事 如 I m used to brushing my teeth twice a day 我习惯一天刷两次牙 用心 爱心 专心5 used to do get used to doing 的区别 He used to be a lawyer 他过去是个律师 used to do sth 表示 过去常常做某事 言外之意就是现在已经不这么做了 如 I used to be a very rich villager We used to help him a lot when he first came here 注意 used to 构成疑问句时可借助于助动词 did 或直接将 used 移至主语之前 但后 者不常用 Did you use to see each other Used you to see each other 注意 Used to 在构成否定时可借助于 didn t 也可以直接在 used 后面加 not 构成 但后者不常用 She didn t use to live in the village She used not to live in the village used to 名词或动词表示 习惯于某事或做某事 这里的 to 是介词 后面的动词必 须用 ing 形式 I m really not used to such wet weather 连系动词 get become grow seem 等可用来代替 be 和 used to 连用 强调习惯逐 渐形成的过程 You ll get used to that in time 注意 used to 和 would 的区别 would 所表示的过去习惯性行为主要是同过去的另一个阶段的活动相比较 因此 如 果没有具体的上下文说明 应加时间状语加以限定 used to 主要是同现在相比较 说明 过去是这样 而现在已经不是这样了 一般不加时间状语 When we met he would just nod to me and go past My brother used to be a PLA man 6 Sometimes we leave out words from a sentence leave out 删除 leave sb by oneself 把某人独自留下 leave for sp 动身去某地 leave behind 落下 如 1 I left out the important point 我删掉了重要的一点 2 They left me out of the team 他们没让我加入他们的队伍 7 It s quite difficult 它太难了 fairly quite rather 与 pretty 1 fairly 还行 相当 语气最弱 The film is fairly good 这部电影还行 勉强 He speaks English fairly well 他的英语说得还可以 不是太好 用心 爱心 专心6 2 quite 相当 很 语气强于 fairly The film is quite good 这部电影很好看 值得一看 有推荐之意 3 rather 相当 语气最重 The film is rather good 这部电影很好 优于一般电影 It is rather hot 热得受不了 4 pretty 相当口语中常用 一般不用于书面语中 与 rather 有同样的语气 注意 not quite 不完全是那样 表示部分否定 只有 rather 可以和比较级连用 只有 rather 可以和 too 连用 quite 和 rather 都可以在冠词前 也可以与动词连用 如 quite a nice day rather like sb 模拟试题模拟试题 答题时间 45 分钟 根据句意与首字母填写单词 1 Our team s two goals in the last football match 2 Don t k a ball in the street It is too d 3 Taiwan b to China from ancient times 4 All living things d on the sun for their growth 5 We have walked all day Are you tired A 6 Everyday the e receives many letters from readers 7 When you come across the new word you will look up it in a d 8 When you a three to five you will get eight 句型转换 9 He likes my shoes because they are in fashion 同义句 He likes my shoes because they are 10 What does the cool mean 同义句 What do you What of cool 11 I think the young woman s son needs operating 反意疑问句 I think the young woman s son needs operating 用心 爱心 专心7 12 How do dictionary writers or editors decide which words to include in a dictionary 同义句 How do dictionary writers or editors decide which words include in a dictionary 选择 13 Sometimes we words from a sentence but the meaning of the sentence doesn t change A leave for B leave away C leave out D take out 14 Do you agree what the man said A on B with C to D about 15 Hello Mike what are you going to do tomorrow What about you A Nothing much B Terrific C Absolutely D Oops 16 If the launch 发射 in 2005 is successful China will be the third country its astronauts into space after Russia and the US A send B sent C sending D to send 17 A number of students the sports meeting The number of the students who take part in 200 A take part in is B takes part in are C taking part in are D taking part in is 18 Dictionaries often explain us about some special language A with everyday B to every day C with every day D to everyday 19 Dictionaries have to change languages change A when B with C as D what 20 Dictionaries are often used learners A to B for C by D with 完形填空 A A good dictionary is 21 important tool It will tell you 22 only what a word means but how it uses A dictionary needs to be printed again about every ten years Languages develop and a good dictionary must 23 用心 爱心 专心8 these new changes A new English dictionary will only tell you 24 most people use the language today It will not tell you what is right 25 wrong It may tell you the right time to use a word If only 26 people use a word a dictionary will 27 tell you this or not list 编列 it Every dictionary will tell you many interesting facts If you type a word and the word is too long 28 in your dictionary All dictionaries show you 29 to break 拆开 a word And they also show you how a word 30 Every dictionary of course tells you what a word means But some words like get or take may have dozens of meanings In some dictionaries the main meanings are often listed first In 31 the newest meanings are listed last So before you use your dictionary you should always 32 the front part This part explains 33 Some dictionaries also show you where a word comes from Do you know that the word brand comes from an old word This old word means to burn This is because 34 18 years ago people burned their names on tables or boats to show who 35 them They also burned their own names on their farm animals 36 they would not be stolen Your dictionary also has a lot of other interesting facts in it After you have learned to use a dictionary it can become your most useful book 21 A a B an C the D very 22 A no B that C not D if 23 A to show B show C shows D be shown 24 A how B what C why D if 25 A and B or C but D not 26 A a little B many C a few D a lot of 27 A neither B nor C both D either 28 A look up it B look for it C look it up D look it out 29 A when B where C why D which 30 A speaks B is spoke C be spoken D is spoken 31 A another B the other C others D other 32 A see B look C watch D read 33 A how use it B to how use it C how to use it D to how to use it 用心 爱心 专心9 34 A hundreds of B hundred of C a hundred of D hundred 35 A builds B makes C build D made 36 A when B in order C so that D before 阅读理解 People living in different countries made different kinds of words today there are about fifteen hundred languages in the world Each contains many thousands of words A very large dictionary for example contains four or five hundred thousand words But we do not need all these To read short stories you need to know only about two thousand words Before you leave school you will learn only one thousand or more The words you know are called your vocabulary You should try to make your vocabulary bigger Read as many books as you can There are a lot of books written in easy English for you to read You will enjoy them When you meet