短文改错解题技巧

短文改错备考策略短文改错备考策略 1 试题形式 1 本题满分 10 分 给出一篇约 100 个单词的短文 文中有 10 处错误 错误类型包括词法 句法 行文逻辑等 每句中最多有两处错误 即有的句子无错 有的句子有 1 处错 有的 有 2 处错 每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加 删除或修改 2 改错方式 1 增加 在缺词处加一个漏字符号 并在其下面写上该加的词 2 删除 把多余的词用斜线 划掉 3 修改 在错的词下面划一横线 并在该词下面写上修改后的词 4 标点符号 词序 单词拼写和大小写不改 注意 1 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词 2 只允许修改 10 处 多者 从第 11 处起 不 计分 3 考点设置 1 少了一个词 要求添加的词有冠词 介词 连词 不定式符号 物主代词等 2 多了一个词 要求删除的词有冠词 介词 连词 不定式符号 to 助动词 副词等 3 改错 八道错词设题主要考查动词 名词 形容词 副词 代词等 二 改错步骤 1 浏览全文 弄懂文意 时态一致 人称一致 行文逻辑 标出明显错误 2 逐句阅读 依据考点 逐句寻找错误 3 重读全文 仔细推敲 解决个别难题 改错要高分 考点须牢记 根据考点找错误 又快又准高速度 改错要高分 考点须牢记 根据考点找错误 又快又准高速度 3 考点解析 1 动词 A 谓语动词 需考虑时态 语态 主谓一致 语气的错误 1 时态 总体时态为过去或现在时中间杂有另一时态现象 2 语态 主动语态与被动语态混淆 3 主谓一致 第三人称单数漏掉 s 或主语为复数 谓语动词用了单数 4 语气 虚拟语气 1 If you are me would you talk to them 2015 四川卷 2 An English lady was finally decided that she really should learn to drive 3 So far he made a living by picking up wastes 4 Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library 5 She liked it very much and reads it to the class 6 When the air move we have wind 7 Books may be keep for four weeks 8 I was only four when she passes away 9 Great changes have been taken place in my hometown B 非谓语动词 需考虑形式和语态 形式 ing 现在分词 动名词 to 不定式 ed 过去分词 意义 常见错误 需要接 ing 形式的接了 to ed 分词和 ing 分词混用 不定式符号 to 要不要等 1 She used to holding me on her knees hold 2 I must make my toys to last 去掉 to 3 A great many of students would like give up drinking 4 After looks at the toy for some time he turned around and found that his parents were missing 2015 新课标卷 II 5 Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner 2013 新课标卷 II 6 My parents love me and will do all they can make sure 7 We fed monkeys visiting temples and told stories NMET 2002 8 My brother was so fond of the museums there that he begged my parents to staying another couple of days 2011 大纲卷 II 9 All of a sudden there appeared a disappointing look on his face 知识补充 1 有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语 常见的有 advise admit avoid consider enjoy escape finish appreciate imagine mention miss prevent quit resist risk suggest 等 2 有些动词后常接不定式作宾语 常见的有 hope ask refuse decide promise want wish pretend expect arrange plan demand manage agree fail determine choose desire 等 3 有些动词后面既可以接不定式 也可以接动名词 但意义不尽相同 意义基 本相同的有 intend attempt continue begin start 等 意义不同的有 remember forget regret mean stop go on try 等 4 常见的 to 为介词的短语有 look forward to be addicted accustomed to get down to lead to contribute to devote to object to owing to pay attention to be get become used to 备考策略 1 通读全文 搞清文中动词时态的主旋律 2 结合语境 灵活运用时态形式 3 认真推敲 准确把握主动与被动 二 名词 单复数用错 本来用复数 却用单数或反之 可数与不可数名词的混用 不可数名词不能用复数形式 名词改正方法 1 根据名词前的修饰限定成份 2 根据上下文的逻辑关系 1 since then for all these year years 2 He was tall with broad shoulder and a beard shoulders 3 I destroyed each of my toy toys 4 The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier 2015 年全国卷 1 5 Mum taught me some basic step of baking 2015 陕西卷 6 Now I am living in a city but I miss my hometown in countryside 2015 标全卷 1 7 There are branch library in many villages 8 Kate covered it with a lot of Christmas light 9 On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful 名词备考策略 1 牢记名词单复数 人称变化分清楚 2 记住常考的几个不可数名词 advice fun progress information furniture equipment luggage baggage 等 3 只修饰可数名词 a large great number of a good great many dozens scores of quite a few many few 4 只修饰不可数名词 a great deal of a large amount of quite a little much 3 抽象名词具体化 a success a failure a surprise 4 物质名词表一场 一杯 一份 a heavy rain a coffee 三 冠词 冠词命题特点及改正方法 英语中冠词只有三个 只能从以下几个方向出题 1 不定冠词 a 和 an 互改 2 不定冠词 a 或 an 和定冠词 the 互改 3 根据需要增删冠词 4 熟背词组兼短语 1 Suddenly I caught a sight of my English teacher 2 As everyone knows it s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals 3 You can t consider him a honest man 4 In China children usually start school at an age of seven 5 It is necessary for the teachers to add the art to their teachings 6 As result the plants are growing 7 In a fact he even scared my classmates away 去掉 a 冠词考点归纳 1 冠词 a an the 的常见用法限定名词 特指 确指和泛指 和固定搭配 2 零冠词 1 三餐 季节和学科 2 表职务 头衔的表语 同位语或补足 语 3 球类运动和棋类游戏 4 by 交通工具 冠词命题特点 1 女性代词指代男性或相反 2 单数指代复数 3 代词词性误用 改正方法 联系上下文的逻辑关系 四 形容词与副词 1 词形混用 形容词的地方用了副词或反之 2 比较级和最高 级 1 The fruits are small in size but juicy and taste tasty 2 There are so much that we share many 3 We are growing wonderfully wonderful 4 Nearly five years before ago 5 I remember my grandfather very much well clearly 6 that would make him exciting and crazy 7 I had to be more patient and little aggressive less 备考策略 1 修饰名词 be 动词 系动词后用形容词 2 修饰动词 形容词 副词及整个句子用副词 3 比较级和最高级的使用 比如 最基本的 good bad well far little few much many 4 考查 ed 形容词和 ing 形容词的区别 5 形容词变副词加 ly 的几种情况 1 polite politely complete completely safe safely 2 true truly 3 comfortable comfortably possible possibly terrible terribly simple simply 1 He came back lately last night 2 He asked angry if we had finished the work 3 Charles said As soon as I see a real tall building I want to climb it 4 He practiced hard and past the driving test 5 I m sure we ll have a wonderfully time 6 Unfortunate there are too many people in my family 7 The beautiful of the lake attracts us a lot 8 The bad news made us feel sadly 9 The children learn to read and write they play games as good 10 It s not good to keep children busily with their studies all day long 11 People have been great helped by the computer 五 连词 A 并列连词 连词选择错误 如需 but 时用了 so 或相反 并列成分混乱 连词连接的前 后两部分是否符合逻辑 两部分结构是否等同 B 复合句 从属连词 引导词 1 Though it was cold but he went out without a cat 2 Whatever you do and I ll be right here waiting for you 4 This kind of car costs a lot of money and he can afford it 5 It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest 备考策略 常考的错误形式有连词 but however and or because so when while before after which that what 的用法错误等 1 All I had to do was to write a story or present it 2 I m sorry and I didn t understand your question Could you please restate it 3 Frank was about to leave before he noticed a large packet on the floor 4 She was smiling but nodding at me 5 Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair ply and team spirit 6 He didn t pass the exam that surprised us all 六 代词 备考策略 1 人称代词 物主代词的使用 反身代词 oneself 的使用 人称代词的主格和宾格 不定代词的使用 Both all either neither none 的使用 6 Whose 和 who s its 和 it s 的区别 1 Knowing is one thing doing is other 2 I heard that Mr Wang would teach our English this term 3 Finally the men threw away most of his clothes to save themselves 4 And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game 5 The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home NMET03 6 I have a good friend who s name is Liu Mei 2004 福建 7 He drove too fast and the police stopped her and handed him a ticket 8 I was learning to express me in simple English 主格I you he she it we you they 1 人称代 词 宾格me you him her it us you them 形容词性my your his her its our their 2 物主代 词 名词性mine yours his hers its ours theirs 3反身代词 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 4指示代词this that these those such some 5疑问代词 who whom whose which what whoever whichever whatever 6关系代词that which who whom whose as one some any each every none no many much few little a few a little 7不定代词 other another all both neither either 七 介词 涉及多余 缺失或搭配错误 从以下方面确定错误 1 介词的基本用法 2 习惯搭配 1 Because the help you gave me that summer my life changed 2 He was looking for a gla