2019版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题(1)含解析

精品文档 1欢迎下载 20192019 版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题 版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题 1 1 李仕才 Part A 完形填空 A Ten years ago a doctor told me something was wrong with my lung and I had to give up work at once and went to bed I was totally 1 and felt I was suddenly placed under 2 of death with an indefinite reprieve 缓刑 After careful thought I 3 my affairs then I went home and got into bed But 2 years later I left my bed and 4 the long climb back It was another year 5 I made it I speak of this experience because these past years have 6 me what to value and what to believe I 7 now that this world is not my oyster 牡蛎 to be opened but my 8 to be grasped I ve also learned that it s necessary to 9 those little all important things I never thought I would 10 before the music of the wind in my favorite pine tree the 11 of sunlight on running water I seem now with some of the 12 freshness of childhood to hear and see How well 13 I recall the touch of the earth the day I first stepped upon it after the years in bed It was like 14 one s citizenship in a world one had nearly lost Frequently I 15 myself that I need make notes of this 16 I m living in now because in it I m well 17 doing what I like best It won t always be like this 18 I ll make the most of it and be grateful I 19 all this to that long time spent in bed Wiser people come to this 20 without having to acquire it the hard way But I wasn t wise enough I m wiser now a little and happier 1 A confused B shocked C determined D annoyed 2 A trial B pressure 精品文档 2欢迎下载 C sentence D control 3 A made up B set up C took up D cleared up 4 A recalled B began C avoided D accepted 5 A when B after C since D before 6 A assigned B taught C treated D assured 7 A admit B demand C expect D realize 8 A knowledge B opportunity C attention D point 9 A dismiss B list C define D appreciate 10 A notice B record C remember D track 11 A shadow B shake C play D feeling 12 A damaged B recovered C faded D changed 13 A in contrast B in return C for instance D by chance 精品文档 3欢迎下载 14 A maintaining B regaining C discovering D forgetting 15 A remind B promise C advise D convince 16 A country B moment C memory D inspiration 17 A pleased B courageous C confident D strong 18 A meanwhile B otherwise C however D therefore 19 A apply B owe C contribute D adapt 20 A awareness B agreement C comment D compromise 解题导语 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文 一场重病让作者明白了什么是人生中最重要的东 西 因此他对自己当下所拥有的倍加珍惜 并心存感激 1 B 根据上文中的 Ten years ago a doctor told me something was wrong with my lung and I had to give up work at once and went to bed 可知 当被告知自己的肺 部出了问题且不得不立即放弃工作卧床休息时作者感到非常震惊 shocked confused 困惑 的 annoyed 恼怒的 2 C 作者突然觉得自己好像是被判了死缓一样 根据语境尤其是下文的 with an indefinite reprieve 缓刑 可知 此处应选 sentence 宣判 判刑 under sentence of death 被判处死刑 3 D 仔细思考之后 作者把手头的事务处理掉 然后回家了 根据上文中的 I had to give up work at once and went to bed 可知 clear up 解决 清理 符合语境 make up 组成 编造 set up 设立 take up 开始从事 占据 精品文档 4欢迎下载 4 B 两年后 作者离开了病床 开始 began 了漫长的重回之前的生活状态的 攀登 recall 回忆起 avoid 避免 accept 接受 5 D 过了一年 作者就做到了 It was is 一段时间 before 是固定句型 意为 过了 才 就 6 B 作者谈及这段经历是因为那些过去的岁月教会 taught 了作者应该珍惜什么 相 信什么 assign 分配 分派 treat 招待 assure 使确信 7 D 现在作者意识到 realize 这个世界不是等待他去打开的牡蛎 而是需要他去抓住 的机会 admit 承认 expect 期待 期望 8 B 参见上题解析 grasp the opportunity 抓住机会 是固定搭配 knowledge 知识 attention 注意力 point 观点 9 D 作者也学会了欣赏 appreciate 那些不起眼的但却很重要的东西 而作者之前从 未想过自己会去注意这些东西 dismiss 不予理会 不予考虑 list 列举 define 给 下定义 解释 10 A 参见上题解析 notice 注意到 record 记录 remember 记得 track 跟踪 11 C 根据上文中的 the music of the wind in my favorite pine tree 和下文中 的 I seem now to hear and see 可知 此处指的应是作者以前不会注意到的东西 play 轻快变幻的动作 闪烁 the play of sunlight on water 阳光在水面上的闪烁 12 B 作者重新找回了童年时期看待事物的新鲜感 recovered 重新获得的 重新找 到的 符合语境 13 C 比如 回想起自己卧床两年后重新踏上这片土地的感觉有多好 for instance 比如 例如 符合语境 in contrast 相反 in return 作为回报 by chance 偶然地 14 B 这就像在一个差点失去的世界中重新获得公民身份一样 regain 重新得到 和 下文的 lost 相对应 maintain 维持 discover 发现 forget 忘记 15 A 作者经常提醒自己要记下这个自己现在生活的时刻 因为活在此刻 作者是健康 且快乐的 而且能做自己最喜欢做的事情 remind 提醒 符合语境 promise 许诺 允 诺 convince 使相信 精品文档 5欢迎下载 16 B 参见上题解析 moment 时刻 inspiration 灵感 17 A 参见第 15 题解析 pleased 快乐的 高兴的 courageous 勇敢的 confident 自信的 strong 坚强的 下文中的 I m wiser now a little and happier 亦是提示 18 D 它不会总是如这般存在 因此作者会充分利用它并心存感激 上下文之间是因果 关系 故用 therefore meanwhile 与此同时 otherwise 否则 however 然而 19 B 作者将这一切都归功于他卧病在床的那段漫长时光 owe to 把 归功 于 是固定用法 20 A 更有智慧的人无需被困到如此境地也能明白这些道理 awareness 意识 明白 符合语境 compromise 妥协 B 2015 四川德阳四校一模 Uncle Bruce has been my most influential role model I admire him because he has 1 me into the person I am today by teaching me about respect and responsibility and that anything 2 having takes a lot of hard work The most important thing he has 3 me is how to think He always says You can learn something from everyone 4 it s what not to do He always does what he 5 If he says I ll pick you up at seven on Thursday it will 6 Also Bruce is the kind of person who actually 7 you Uncle Bruce was in the army for 20 years and went through some terrible 8 but he hasn t let them affect him 9 After hearing his stories about alcohol and drug related 10 I have no interest in doing anything that could 11 me or my friends He is also the only person who truly believes I can 12 it on West Point He has done everything within his 13 to help me achieve that goal Uncle Bruce is my hero because he is 14 that I want to be when I m his age He is smart financially 15 and gives back to his community There is no way I can 16 him for all he s done He is the one whose 17 can change the 精品文档 6欢迎下载 way I look at something I ve never told him that I love him 18 has he told me but we love each other and I wouldn t have it any other way I m not 19 he s perfect but I can t imagine 20 without him now that he is here 解题导语 本文是一篇记叙文 在作者的成长道路上 Bruce 叔叔身上的优秀品质 一直激励着作者 并在作者的人格塑造中起着重要作用 1 A shaped B promoted C trained D blessed 解析 选 A 考查动词辨析 句意为 我钦佩他是因为他塑造了现在的我 A 项意为 塑 造 B 项意为 促进 提升 C 项意为 训练 D 项意为 祝福 故选 A 项 2 A like B about C from D worth 解析 选 D 考查词义辨析 句意为 任何值得拥有的东西都要花费一番努力 be worth doing 为固定句型 意为 值得 此处作定语修饰 anything 故省略 be 动词 故选 D 项 3 A directed B taught C encouraged D improved 解析 选 B 考查动词辨析 句意为 他所教给我的最重要的事情是如何思考 根据第 一段中的 by teaching me 可知 应选 B 项 4 A so that B even if C as if D now that 解析 选 B 考查短语辨析 句意为 你能从所有的人那里学到一些东西 即使是一些 不应该去做的事 根据语境可知 前后半句之间为让步关系 even if 意为 即使 符合语 境 故选 B 项 5 A wants B supports C promises D advises 解析 选 C 考查动词辨析 句意为 他总是言出必行 A 项意为 想要 B 项意为 精品文档 7欢迎下载 支持 C 项意为 承诺 D 项意为 建议 C 项符合语境 故选 C 项 6 A matter B insist C succeed D happen 解析 选 D 考查动词辨析 句意为 那件事就会发生 A 项意为 有关系 B 项意为 坚持 C 项意为 成功 D 项意为 发生 根据上文 He always does what he 可知 此处表示 Bruce 叔叔答应的事一定会发生 故选 D 项 7 A sticks to B points at C listens to D comes at 解析 选 C 考查动词短语辨析 句意为 Bruce 叔叔也是能认真听你倾诉的人 A 项意 为 坚持 B 项意为 指向 C 项意为 听 D 项意为 攻击 故选 C 项 8 A experiences B diseases C drills D adaptations 解析 选 A 考查名词辨析 句意为 他有过一些可怕的经历 A 项意为 经历 B 项 意为 疾病 C 项意为 训练 D 项意为 适应 故选 A 项 9 A materially B negatively C barely D positively 解析 选 B 考查副词辨析 句意为 但他并没有让这些经历给他带来消极的影响 A 项 意为 实质地 B 项意为 消极地 C 项意为 仅仅 D 项意为 肯定地 根据上文 went through some terrible but 可知 此处表示转折 由此可推知 可怕的 经历没有让他变得消极 故选 B 项 10 A tendencies B statistics C references D misfortunes 解析 选 D 考查名词辨析 句意为 听了他与酒精和毒品相关的不幸的故事后 根据 上文中的 terrible 及 alcohol and drug related 可知 与酒精和毒品相关 的多是不幸的事 故选 D 项 11 A sink B test 精品文档 8欢迎下载 C harm D exploit 解析 选 C 考查动词辨析 句意为 我对任何伤害我及我朋友的事情都不感兴趣 A 项 意为 下沉 B 项意为 测试 C 项意为 伤害 D 项意为 开发 故选 C 项 12 A make B take C bring D seize 解析 选 A 考查动词辨析 句意为 他也是唯一真正相信我能成功地进入西点军校的 人 make it 意为 成功地做某事 符合语境 故选 A 项 13 A management B access C patent D power 解析 选 D 考查名词辨析 句意为 他做了在他能力范围内的一切来帮助我实现目标 A 项意为 管理 B 项意为 进入 C 项意为 专利 D 项意为 能力 故选 D 项 14 A everybody B everything C nobody D nothing 解析 选 B 考查代词辨析 句意为 Bruce 叔叔是我的英雄 因为我希望自己到了他这 个年纪的时候 能成为像他一样的人 根据语境可知 此处指作者想拥有 Bruce 叔叔身上一 切美好的品质 故选 B 项 15 A secure B shaky C proper D messy 解析 选 A 考查形容词辨析 句意为 他聪明 有稳定的收入 并且会回报他的社区 A 项意为 稳当的 B 项意为 摇晃的 C 项意为 适当的 D 项意为 杂乱的 故选 A 项 16 A praise B repay C present D recharge 解析 选 B 考查动词辨析 句意为 对于他为我所做的一切 我无法回报 A 项意为 表扬 B 项意为 回报 C 项意为 提出 D 项意为 充电 休整 故选 B 项 17 A strength B honesty 精品文档 9欢迎下载 C opinion D standard 解析 选 C 考查名词辨析 句意为 他是一个能够用他的观点来影响我对事物的看法 的一个人 A 项意为 力量 B 项意为 诚实 C 项意为 观点 D 项意为 标准 故选 C 项 18 A or B either C nor D so 解析 选 C 考查副词辨析 句意为 我从未告诉过他我爱他 他也没有告诉过我他爱 我 nor 意为 也不 也不是 根据 never 可知 应选 C 项 19 A saying B proving C expressing D demanding 解析 选 A 考查动词辨析 句意为 我并不是说他是完美的 A 项意为 说 B 项意 为 证明 C 项意为 表达 D 项意为 要求 故选 A 项 20 A travelling B studying C working D living 解析 选 D 考查动词辨析 句意为 我无法想象没有他的生活 live 意为 生活 符 合语境 故选 D 项 Part B 短文语法填空 Scientists have discovered that 1 stay in the cold could help us lose weight Researchers at the University of California found that exposure to the cold increases levels of a protein that helps form brown fat the type of fat that produces heat and keeps us warm Brown fat burns energy 2 helps us lose weight White fat stores extra energy which results 3 weight gain The researchers said that because air conditioning and heating give us constant 4 comfort temperatures our body s need for brown fat has decreased They found that Outdoor workers in northern Finland who 5 精品文档 10欢迎下载 expose to cold temperature have 6 significant amount of brown fat when 7 compare to same aged indoor workers The research was conducted on two different control groups of mice 8 group was injected with the protein that helps create brown fat This group later gained 30 less weight after both groups were fed high fat diets The researchers say this could be good news in the fight against obesity People w