历年词汇考试总结.doc

注：四级词汇语法是河南省高招办命题组的最爱，几乎每年都有四级考试真题。 例： （注：ZSB指专升本 0424意思是04年第24考题）1.CET90/150ZSB0424Many new _ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.A)opportunitiesB) necessities C) realities D) probabilities答案：A 【解析】：未来将有许多新的机会提供给那些受过大学教育的人。opportunities n.机会 necessities n.必要，必需品 realitiesn.现实，实际情况 probabilities n.可能性，可能发生的事情2. CET90/154ZSB0316.The rain was heavy and _ the land was flooded.A. consequentlyB. continuously C. constantly D. consistently答案：A 【解析】：雨下的很大，结果淹没了土地。continuously adv. 连续不断地 continually adv.时断时续地 consequentlyadv. 结果 consistently adv. 始终如一地3. CET91/660ZSB0326I couldnt find _, and so I took this one.A a large enough coat (C) a large coat enough (B) an enough large coat (D) a coat enough large答案：A 【解析】：我找不到一件大的外套，我穿了这一件。enough修饰形容词时放在该词的后面。结论：通过对历年真题命题位置的研究，把相关题搜集整理，进行练习，做到有的放矢。三、命题规律分析 （一）考点重复 ,历年的专升本考试中，同样一个考点反复出现。例：1.0214 Mr. Smith is too busy to spare any time, _ Sunday afternoon.A. only in B. except for C. unless on D. except on 答案：B2.042_ a young woman, the office was empty.A. But for B. Except for C. Besides D. Except 答案：B3.0513 His son is quite well now, _a slight fever. A. except B. besides C. in addition to D. except for 答案：D4.08-18. It was almost dark in the street _ a few very powerful spotlights.A. excluding B. except for C. except D. but for 答案：B 【解析】1，2，3，4题很显然是考试except for 和except区别。例如： They all came except Tom. Her composition is excellent, except for a slight mistake. except for 和except意思都是除除-之外，区别在于except for后面说明的内容与主语不是同一类。5. 027 Its time the dog _ how to behave properly. A is learning B learns C learned D to learn 答案：C6.0425Its high time you _ the problem carefully about what you will do in the future.A are studied B must study C studied D study 答案：C7. 0633 Its high time we_ something to stop road accidents. A are doing B did C will do D do 答案：B8.08-8 Its high time _ about the traffic problem.A. something were done B. something is done C. anything will be done D. nothing to be done 答案：A【解析】：5，6，7，8 题很显然是考试It is(high) time(that)句型中的虚拟语气。该结构意思是“该的时候了”，从句中用一般过去时。（二）原题重复，历年的专升本考试中，同一道考题也反复出现。例：(1).0746. The population of the world is growing at a dangerous _.A. step B. measure C. rate D. progress 答案：C(2).0911.The population of the world is growing at a dangerous .A. pace B. measure C. progress D. rate 答案：D【解析】：07、09年在重复考pace n.步速 measure n.措施 progress n.进步 rate n.速度，率，比率结论：梳理历年真题，把握考试规律精讲一1. Water is _ short in many big cities. A. running B. flowing C. becoming D. moving【翻译】 许多大城市都出现了水资源短缺的现象。考点 词语搭配【精析】 A run在此处表示“变成，变得”的意思，尤其指不利的变化，run short为一个固定搭配，指“缺乏，缺少”。flow“流，流动”；become“变化，变得”；move“移动”。结合句意，可知A为最佳选项。2. Excuse me for _you with such a small matter.A. troubling B. taking C. interrupting D. making【翻译】 为这么小的事情麻烦你，真是不好意思。考点 词义辨析【精析】 A trouble“劳驾，麻烦”，常用于客气的请求；take“带走，拿走”；interrupt“打扰，打岔”，常用于打断别人说话等；make“做，造成”。3. This morning our water supply was _ because of the cold weather.A. let down B. cut off C. taken up D. brought away【翻译】 因为天气太冷，今天早上我们断水了。考点 词义辨析【精析】 B cut off“停止，中断（供给）”；let down“使失望，放下，降低”；take up“继续，接下去”；bring away“带走”。4. The market was filled with salted fish, _ the worst smell that you can imagine.A. sending off B. giving up C. sending down D. giving off【翻译】 这个市场里到处都是咸鱼，散发着你所能想象的难闻的气味。考点 词义辨析【精析】 D send off“寄出，发出，邮购”；give up“放弃，投降，认输”，send down“判（某人）入狱，开除”；give off“发出，放出（气味、热、光等）”。5. It was because the applicant was too proud _he failed in the interview.A. therefore B. that C. so that D. so【翻译】 那个申请人太骄傲了，所以他面试失败了。考点 强调句型【精析】 B 强调句型结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who”。强调句型中的引导词是who(被强调的主语是人)，whom（被强调的宾语是人）和that(其他一切情况)。本句中that强调由because引导的原因状语从句，其他几个选项用在此处在意思上貌似也都讲得通，但是不符合语法规范。所以选B。6. Tom used to live in California, _?A. used he B. did he C. was he D. didnt he【翻译】 Tom过去住在加利福尼亚州，是吗？考点 反意疑问句【精析】 D 反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应是肯定陈述+否定疑问或否定陈述+肯定疑问。当陈述部分有used to do结构时，疑问部分的谓语用usednt 或didnt。7. So far there is no proof _ people from other planets do exist.A. which B. how C. what D. that 【翻译】 至今还没有证据能够证明其他星球上确实存在人类。考点 名词性从句（同位语从句）【精析】 D 本句中“people from other planets do exist”是前面proof的内容。that引导同位语从句，一般在从句中不充当任何句子成分，但也不省略。8. Never before _so highly successful in changing his surroundings.A. man has been B. man is C. has man been D. is man【翻译】 人类从未如此成功地改变过他们周围的环境。考点 倒装句【精析】 C 具有否定意义的副词或词组用于句首担任状语时，句子要用倒装结构。所以本句中助动词要放在主语的前面，形成部分倒装。又因never before引导的从句一般用完成时态，所以选C。9. _ from the helicopter, the city looks very beautiful.A. Seeing B. Having seen C. Seen D. To see【翻译】 从直升机上往下看，这个城市非常漂亮。考点 非谓语动词【精析】 C 过去分词做状语，含有被动含义。本句中主语the city和动词see之间的关系是动宾关系，因此用过去分词。10. The newspapers reported yesterday several _on the boundaries of these two countries.A. incidents B. happenings C. events D. accidents【翻译】 昨天的报纸报道了几起发生在这两国边境的冲突事件。考点 词义辨析【精析】 A 这几个词都有“事情，事件”的意思，但incident主要指一些严重事件，暴力事件（如犯罪，事故，袭击等）或两国之间的摩擦，冲突或军事冲突，指一些危及社会安定的大事；happening指生活中发生的一些不寻常的事情；event指一些具有纪念意义的重要事情，大事；accident指发生的交通事故，意外遭遇等。11. Some of the students in his class seem _to do their assignments.A. boring B. interesting C. tiring D. unwilling【翻译】 他班里的一些学生似乎不太愿意做作业。考点 词义辨析【精析】 D boring“无聊的，令人厌倦的”；interesting“感兴趣的，有意思的”；tiring“令人困倦的，使人疲劳的”；unwilling“不情愿的，勉强的”，unwilling to do sth.表示“不情愿做某事”，故选D。12. Lets work hard to find _to the problem.A. an answer B. a way C. a method D. a solution 【翻译】 让我们好好努力以找到这个问题的解决方法。考点 词语搭配【精析】 D a solution to the problem表示“问题的解决方法”，是固定用法，其动词短语solve the problem表示“解决问题”。13. They have developed techniques which are _ to those used in most factories.A. simpler B. better C. superior D. greater【翻译】 他们的这些技术比其他工厂里所采用的技术要高明多了。考点 比较级【精析】 C 一般比较级中都用than来连接相比较的人或物，而superior和inferior（下次的，劣等的）后面要用to来连接。14. At the beginning of this term,our English teacher _a list of books for us to read.A. turned out B. made out C. handed in D. passed on【翻译】 这学期开始时，我们的英语老师列出一张书籍清单，让我们去读那些书。考点 词义辨析【精析】 B turn out“证明是，结果是”；make out“分清，开具，列出，理解，明白”；hand in“提交，上交”；pass on“递给，传给，转交”。15. Im sorry I have _dictionary. Youd better go to the library.A. not such B. not such a C. not a such D. no such a【翻译】 对不起，我没有这样一本字典，你最好去图书馆看看。考点 词语搭配【精析】 B such用来修饰名词，当所修饰的名词是单数可数名词时，要用such a/an+名词。但当such前面有no时，必须省去不定式冠词a/an，因为no such=not such a。故选B。16. If Mary had not been badly hurt in a car accident, she _in last months mara? thon race.A. would participate B. might participate C. would have participated D. must participate【翻译】 如果玛丽没有在那场车祸中受重伤，她就会参加上个月的马拉松比赛。考点 虚拟语气【精析】 C 表示对过去情况的假设时，要用虚拟语气，其形式为从句：“if+主语+had+过去分词+其他”主句：“主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词”。表示过去实际上并没有发生或者已经发生了的事情。17. Excuse me, but it is time to have your temperature _.A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take【翻译】 打扰了，该给你量体温了。考点 非谓语动词【精析】 C have sth. done表示这个动作由别人来完成。此句中的have为使役动词，其后的宾语和宾语补足语之间的关系是逻辑上的动宾关系，根据英语语法，此处应用过去分词。18. Liquids are like solids _they have a definite volume.A. in which B. that C. in that D. which【翻译】 液体跟固体相似，因为它们都有固定的体积。考点 状语从句【精析】 C in that“因为”，引导原因状语从句，对句意进分析可知C为正确选项。19. When a friend gave Jim a ticket to the game, he _go.A. couldnt help B. cannot do but C. couldnt help but D. just have to【翻译】 当一位朋友给了吉姆一张那场比赛的门票时，他忍不住去了。考点 词语搭配【精析】 C cant/couldnt help but do sth.表示“某人忍不住（或无法抑制）做某事”。20. I was surprised to find his article on such an _topic so _.A. excited; boring B. exciting; bored C. exciting; boring D. excited; bored【翻译】 关于这样一个有趣的话题，他的文章竟写得那样乏味，这让我有些吃惊。考点 非谓语动词【精析】 C 现在分词exciting, boring常用来形容事物的性质；过去分词excited, bored常用来形容人的感受。21. Tom likes _foreign coins.A. gathering B. assembling C. collecting D.accumulating【翻译】 汤姆喜欢收集外国硬币。考点 词义辨析【精析】 C 这个几词都有“集聚”的意思，但gather主要指“聚集，聚会，集会”；assemble指“集合，组装”；collect指“收集，采集”；accumulate指“积累，积聚（财富，资本等）”。 22. Luckily, most sheep _the flood last month.A. endured B. survived C. opinion D. passed【翻译】 所幸的是，很多羊在上个月的那场洪水中存活了下来。考点 词义辨析【精析】 B endure“忍受，承受”；survive“生存，存活”；opinion“意见，看法”；pass“传递”。survive（from）sth.指“幸存，幸免于难；挺过”。23. They thought about the problem for a long time but came to no _.A. end B. result C. opinion D. conclusion【翻译】 他们在这个问题上思考了很长时间，但还没有结论。考点 词语搭配【精析】 D “得出结论”常用come to the conclusion，即conclusion常与come搭配。come to an end表示“结束”，result和opinion一般不与come to搭配。24. The real trouble _their lack of confidence in their abilities.A. lies in B. lies on C. lies about D. lies off【翻译】 真正的问题在于他们对自己的能力缺乏自信。考点 词语搭配【精析】 A lie in“存在，在于”;lie on“位于，在上”。25. The story was so funny that everyone _.A. laughed B. interested C. amused D. joked【翻译】 这个故事如此有趣以至于每个人都笑了。考点 词义辨析【精析】 A laugh“笑”；interested“感兴趣的”；amuse“逗笑，逗乐”；joke“开玩笑”。26. He _me by two games to one.A. beat B. conquered C. gained D. won【翻译】 他以2 1的优势打败了我。考点 词义辨析【精析】 A beat指在“在比赛或竞争中赢得某人；打败某人”；conquer“击败，战胜”，尤其指在战争，比赛，赛跑中取得胜利；gain“获得，赢得（某项荣誉，权利等）”；win“（在比赛,赛跑，战斗等中）获胜，赢”。27. _, the next problem was how to make a good plan.A. Having made the decision B. Has the decision been made C. The decision having been made D. The decision has been made【翻译】 主意已经决定，下一步的问题就是该如何制订一个好的计划。考点 非谓语动词【精析】 C 分词做原因状语置于句首，分词的逻辑主语与谓语动词的主语不一致，所以分词加上了自己的主语，形成了独立主格结构。因决定是由人做出的，所以用现在完成式的被动语态。28. The brain is capable of ignoring pain messages if _to concentrate on other activities.A. it allowed B. allowed C. is it allowed D. allowed it【翻译】 如果能够将注意力转移到其他活动上，大脑就能够忽视那些痛苦的信息。考点 省略与一致【精析】 B 在if引导的从句中，若谓语动词含有系动词be，而主语又与主句的主语相同时，从句的主语和动词be通常省略，后半句的完整形式为if it (the brain) is allowed to concentrate on other activities。因为表示的是被动意义，所以应选B。29. The child was sorry _his mother when he arrived at the station.A. to miss B. having missed C. missing D. to have missed【翻译】 那个孩子到达车站时，没有找到妈妈，他感到很难过。考点 非谓语动词【精析】 D sorry后面要用动词不定式，根据句意他已经和母亲错过了，动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，所以应用不定式的完成体to have done。30. There is no point _with him, since he has already made up his mind.A. argue B. to argue C. in arguing D. of arguing 【翻译】 他已经打定主意了，所以再同他争论已经没有意义了。考点 词语搭配【精析】 C there/it is no point in doing sth.“做某事毫无意义”。 31. The condition being _, he may succeed. A. favorite B. favorable C. favoring D. favored【翻译】 如果情况有利的话，他可能会成功的。考点 词义辨析【精析】 B 选项中的四个词都可作形容词用，但意思有所差别：favorite意为“特别受喜爱的”；favorable意为“有利的，有助于的，肯定的”；favoring只是favor的词形变化，意为“喜爱，喜欢”，favored意为“受到宠爱的；得到偏爱的”，根据句意，可知B为正确选项。32. _ helping those who are unwilling to help themselves?A. What sense is it about B. Whats the point of C. Whats the sense with D. What point is it in【翻译】 去帮助那些不愿意自助的人有什么意义呢？考点 固定搭配【精析】 B the point of.意为“做的意义”，与“the sense in.”意思相同。C项若改为“Whats the sense in”也正确。故选B。33. Its almost a year since I left my mother. Im really _ seeing her. A. looking back on B. looking up to C. looking forward to D. looking out over【翻译】 离开妈妈快一年了，我真的很盼望见到她。考点 词语搭配【精析】 C look forward to意为“盼望、期望做”后接V?ing。故选C34. If I found the book, I _ it to you. A. will bring B. would have brought C. would bring D. might have brought【翻译】 如果我找到了这本书，我会带来给你的。考点 虚拟语气【精析】 C if引导的对现在情况的假设，表示现在实际上并不存在的情况，共形式为从句“if+主语+were/动词的过去式+其他”主句：“主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形”。故选C。35. Criticism and self-criticism is necessary _ it helps us to correct our mistakes. A. in that B. in time C. in turn D. in effect【翻译】 批评和自我批评是很必要的，原因在于它能帮助我们改正错误。考点 词义辨析【精析】 A in that意为“原因是”in that=because；in time“及时”，in turn“依次，轮流，逐个”；in effect 意为“实际上，事实上”。根据句意，可知 A正确。36. The audience is _ at last years concert. A. much more than that B. much larger than that C. much larger than D. large enough than【翻译】 今年音乐会上的听众比去年多多了。考点 形容词比较级的用法【精析】 B audience是个集合名词，既可指单数意义的“听众的整体”，也可以指复数“听众们”。谓语is表明了audience在本句中是个单数名词，应指“听众的数量”，表示人的数量的多少时用large和small，而不用more。另外much用在形容词比较级之前，表示“得多”。故选B。37. It occurred to her that she might _ a homeless child. A. adapt B. adopt C. adjust D. admit【翻译】 她想她可能会收养一个无家可归的孩子。考点 词义辨析【精析】 B adapt意为“适应”；adopt意为“收养”，adjust意为“调整、调节”；admit意为“承认”。根据句意，可知B为正确选项。38. He works too hard. Thats _ is wrong with him. A. how B. where C. why D. what【翻译】 他工作太努力了，那就是他出毛病的原因。考点 名词性从句（表语从句）【精析】 D 此处为what引导的表语从句。39. All _ is peace and progress. A. what is needed B. which is neededC. that is needed D. for our needs【翻译】 所需要的是和平和进步。考点 定语从句【精析】 C 本题是一个定语从句。因为前面先行词为all，故其后的定语从句的引导词只能用that。故选C。40. People cannot close their eyes to the facts _. A. no longer B. not any longer C. any longer D. not longer【翻译】 人们再也不能对这些事实视而不见了。考点 固定搭配【精析】 C not.any longer是固定用法，表示“再也不”，故选C。精讲二1. “Is it _ that he will arrive here late ？” “No, I dont think so. ”A. probably B. likely C. possibly D. perhaps【翻译】 “他可能会来晚吗？”“不，我不这么认为”。考点 词义辨析【精析】 B 四个词都有“可能”的意思，但相比之下likely表示的可能性最小，由答语可知“他来晚的可能性是很小的”。故选B。2. He earns quite a high _ in his present job. A. salary B. bill C. check D. payment【翻译】 他目前工作薪水很高。考点 词义辨析【精析】 A salary意为“薪金、薪水”；bill意为“账单”，check意思同bill，也为“账单”；payment意为“款额、款项”。故选A。3. _ a fine day, we decided to go out for a picnic. A. Having been B. Being C. What D. It being【翻译】 天气很好，我们决定出去野炊。考点 独立主格结构【精析】 D 本题考查现在分词做状语，分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时，分词前要加上自己的主语，这样的结构被称为独立主格结构。本句中分词的主语应该是“天气”，故用It, It being=Because it is。4. Sir, do you have anything _ this afternoon? If there is nothing to do, I wonder if I can ask for a leave. A. typing B. typed C. to be typing D. to be typed【翻译】 先生，您今天下午还有什么东西需要打印的吗？如果没有的话，我想我能不能请个假。考点 非谓语动词【精析】 D 用动词不定式表示将要发生的动作，又因为type与anything为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。故选D。5. Its much cheaper to buy a _ car than a new one. A. use B. useful C. useless D. used【翻译】 买一辆二手车比买一辆新车要便宜得多。考点 词义辨析【精析】 D use意为“用途，用法”；useful意为“有用的”；useless意为“无用的”；used意为“旧的，二手的”。故选D。6. You cannot depend on _ promise he makes. A. whatever B. which C. whenever D. whose【翻译】 你不能相信他承诺的任何事情。考点 名词性从句【精析】 A whatever在这里引导一个宾语从句，表示“无论什么”。7. Its necessary for one to read the _ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine. A. explanations B. instructions C. descriptions D.introductions【翻译】 人们很有必要仔细阅读药瓶上的说明并适量吃药。考点 词义辨析【精析】 B explanation“解释，解析”；instruction“说明，指示”；description“描述”，introduction“介绍”。根据句意可知B为正确选项。8. Ive decided to visit Paris. _, my wife does not allow me to leave the family, not even for a single day. A. Moreover B. However C. In fact D. Therefore【翻译】 我本来决定去巴黎的，但是，我太太不允许我离开家，哪怕是一天。考点 词义辨析【精析】 B moreover“此外，而且”；however“但是”，表示转折；in fact“实际上”；therefore“因此，由此”。根据意可知B为正确答案。9. It is because she is too inexperienced _ she does not know how to deal with the situation. A. that B. thus C. so that D. so【翻译】 因为她太没有经验了，所以她不知道怎样处理这种情况。考点 强调句型【精析】 A It is.that为典型的强调句的结构。强调的是It is和that中间的那部分内容。10. I cannot but _ the truth of your remarks, although they go against my interests. A. to admit B. admitting C. admitted D. admit【翻译】 我不得不承认你的评论的正确性，尽管它们与我的利益相冲突。考点 固定搭配【精析】 D cannot but+动词原形，意为“不得不”，属于固定用法。11. The Blacks demanded that their living and working conditions _. A. improved B. should improve C. should be improved D. were improved【翻译】 黑人要求改善他们的生活和工作环境。考点 虚拟语气【精析】 C 在表示建议、命令、要求、想法等动词相对应的名词后跟从句时，从句中的谓语动词为（should+）动词原形。demand就属于这类词。又因为condition与improve为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。故选C。12. I forgot _ you something that I have long meant to ask you. A. to be asking B. having asked C. to ask D. to have asked【翻译】 我忘记问你一些我一直以来都想问的问题了。考点 词语搭配【精析】 C forget to do sth.意为“忘记要做”，forget doing sth.意为“忘记已经做过”。根据句意可知要问的事情还没问，故C为正确答案。13. My train arrives in New York at seven oclock this evening. The plane I would like to take from there _ by then. A. will have left B. would leave C. had left D. has left【翻译】 我乘坐的火车今天晚上七点钟能到达纽约，那时我想要乘的那趟飞机已经起飞了。考点 谓语动词的时态【精析】 A 本题的后一句有明显的表示将来时的标志by then（到那时），又根据句意“到那时飞机已经起飞了”可知，应用将来完成时态。故选A。14. He showed great interest in my field of work. He asked me _ fresh developments. A. to keep him informing B. to keep him informed C. to be kept informed of D. to keep him informed of【翻译】 他对我工作的领域表现出了极大的兴趣。他让我一有新的进展就通知他。考点 谓语动词的语态【精析】 D 根据句意，“他让我通知他”可知他是被通知，故应用过去分词。keep him informed of意为“使他知晓