英译汉翻译练习.doc

1 The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society.简单的原因是，在第一种社会中有很多看待出现在那种社会里的事物的观点。2.All these factors tend to promote social change, by opening more areas of life to decision. 由于有更多的生活的领域要去选择， 这些因素都会促进社会的变革。the first kind of society.the first kind of society.material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; 在一个社会里，社会的变革更有可能也更频繁地发生在文化的物质方面，而不是非物质方面，比如技能方面而不是价值方面。4. Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp dichotomies(一分为二). 而且，社会的变革如果社会逐步地，那就更容易些。例如，有可能在人们的关系上发生持续的变化，而不是突然地发生一分为二的变化。5.This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.这就是为什么同其他少数民族相比，变革没有更快地发生在美国黑人的身上的一个原因。因为黑人与白人的不同太明显了。第二组1. There is an advertisement in newspaper which urges you to change our life habits, with the suggestion that if you do so, by adopting (采用)seven easy-to-follow items of life style, you can achieve eleven added years beyond what you will get if you dont. 报纸上有一则广告极力劝说你改变生活习惯，还说如果你采取七种简便易行的生活方式，寿命会增加十一年。2. But you have to read the report carefully to discover that there is another way of explaining the findings, 但如果你仔细阅读这份报告，会发现另外一种解释这一研究结果的方法。3.The popular acceptance of this notion says something important about todays public attitudes about disease：这一观念被普遍接受，说明了今天人们对疾病所持的态度。4.Other medical theories in history, constructed to explain all of human diseases, were not always as useful in their effects as this one is likely to be.这种理论很可能产生有益的效果，历史上其他试图解释人类所有疾病的医学理论，却总不是这样。5.After all, it is more difficult to be convincing（使相信） about ignorance concerning disease mechanisms（机制） than it is to make claims for full comprehension, especially when the comprehension leads to some sort of action.让人们相信我们对于疾病机制一无in what has been learned later in life.所知比宣称对它了如指掌就难多了；特别是人们难以相信了解疾病机制就能治愈疾病.第三组1. I think, however, that, provided work is not excessive in amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful than idleness.可是我认为，假如工作不是超负荷，即使是最乏味的工作对大多数人来讲也比无所事事好过些。2. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level.能够明智地把闲暇时间充实起来是文明的最终结果。目前还很少有人达到这个水平。3. Accordingly the more intelligent rich men work nearly as hard as they were poor, while rich women for the most part keep themselves busy with innumerable trifles of those earth-shaking importance they are firmly established.因此很多富翁差不多还在努力工作，好像他们还很贫穷一样。 而大多数有钱的太太则忙于无数琐碎事，而她们却坚信那是震撼世界的大事。4. Work is therefore desirable, first and foremost, as a preventive of boredom, for the boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though uninteresting work is as nothing in comparison with the boredom that he feels when he has nothing to do with his days.因此工作是人需要的， 首先，工作可以预防无聊，因为一个人在做必须做的而又无兴趣的工作时所感到的无聊与终日无所事事所感到的无聊相比，是微不足道的。5. Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to weaken his vigor, he is likely to find far more zest in his free time than an idle man could possibly find.即使一个人不是拼命工作而消耗他的精力，那么他可能比无所事事的人在闲暇中得到更多的乐趣。第四组1. Only by language can he have a clear notion of himself as an individual: “I think, therefore I am” and forge（铸造） the bonds of a society a society as distinguished from some sort of instinctual herd.只有借助语言，人类才能够对于个体自身有清晰的认识，“我思想，故我存在”，才能连结社会一种不同于某种浑噩的兽群的社会。2. How often have we felt that we knew our own minds on something, or knew all about something, only to find, when we started to put what we knew into words, that we didnt know our own minds at all.我们常常有这种感觉，本以为知道自己对某事的看法，或对它完全了解，但是当我们把了解的内容用语言表达出来时，却发现根本不清楚自己的看法会什么。3Writing things out is only a more rigorous way of trying to understand a subject and understand oneself in relation to that subject. rigorous rirs adj. 严格的，严厉的；严密的；严酷的把想法写出来，只是认识问题以及了解自己对这个问题看法的更加严谨的方式。4. If you are beginning your college career, much of your instruction will be in language, and it will be required to respond in language.如果你即将开始大学生活，大部分授课都将通过语言来进行，而且要求你用语言做出反应。5.If a man lacks competence in language, he will spend much of his life fumbling in a kind of twilight world in which idea and feelings are perceived only dimly and often in distorted shapes.一个人若缺乏语言能力，大半生的时间都将在思想感情模糊和被曲解的朦胧世界中摸索。第五组1. The art of living is to know when to hold fast and when to let go.生活的艺术在于懂得何时珍惜，何时舍弃。2. We remember a beauty that faded, a love that waned(消逝). But we remember with far greater pain that we did not see that beauty when it flowered, that we failed to respond with love when it was tendered.我们记得已经凋谢的美，已经消逝的爱。可是，我们更痛苦的回忆是，没有在鲜花怒放时注意到那份美丽，没有在得到爱时想起回报。3. Ultimately, we must confront the inevitability of our own demise, losing ourselves as it were, all that we were or dreamed to be.最终，我们必须走向不可抗拒的死亡，失去原有的自我，失去拥有过或梦想过的一切。4. In order to resolve this paradox, we must seek a wider perspective(视角),viewing our lives as through windows that open on eternally(永恒).要解决这个矛盾，我们必须寻找一个更宽阔的视角，就像是透过永远敞开着的窗口，来看待我们的一生。5. Put them all together, exalt(使超越)them above their imperfections, add to them the vision of humankind free of need and strife(战争)and you have a future lighted with the radiant colors of hope.把这一切结合起来，使之超越现有的不完善，加上对人类的富裕、和平的憧憬，你就会有一个闪耀着绚丽的希望之光的未来。第六组 1.But there is every reason to think that as we learn more about the physiology of the brain, we shall do so, and that the great philosophical problems about knowledge and will are going to be pretty fully cleared up.但是，完全有理由相信，在进一步了解大脑的生理机能之后，我们就会明白视觉产生的原理，并彻底解决认识和意识方面的重要哲学问题。1. But if our descendants(后代)know the answers to the questions which perplex(困扰) us today, there will still be one field of which they do not know, namely the future.但是，即使今天令人费解的难题不再困扰我们的后代，他们仍然将有一个未知的领域未来。2. And where science gives us a hope of knowledge it is often reasonable to suspend(暂停)judgment.对于科学有希望帮助我们认识的问题，最好不要下结论。3. Some people say we have only got to do the duties revealed in the past, and laid down by religion, and God will look after the future.有人说，只需