2005年5月翻译三级笔译综合能力真题有答案的.doc

2005年5月 英语三级笔译综合能力试题Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar (25 points)This section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions. The time for this section is 25 minutes.Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1. We have had to raise the prices of our products because of the increase in the cost of _ materials. A. primitive B. rough C. original D. raw2. With an eighty-hour week and little enjoyment, life must have been very_ for the students. A. hostile B. anxious C. tedious D. obscure3. Whenever the government increases public services,_ because more workers are needed to carry out these services. A. employment to rise B. employment rises C. which rising employment D. the rise of employment4. Our flight to Guangzhou was _ by a bad fog and we had to stay much longer in the hotel than we had expected. A. delayed B. adjourned C. cancelled D. preserved 5. Container-grown plants can be planted at any time of the year, but _ in winter. A. should be B. would be C. preferred D. preferably6. Both longitude and latitude _ in degrees, minutes and seconds. A. measuring B. measured C. are measured D. being measured7. Most comets have two kinds of tails, one made up of dust, _ made up of electrically charged particles called plasma. A. one another B. the other C. other ones D. each other8. Good pencil erasers are soft enough not _ paper but hard enough so that they crumble gradually when used. A. by damaging B. so that they damage C. to damage D. damaging9. The magician picked several persons _ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance. A. by accident B. at random C. on occasion D. on average10. On turning the comer, they saw the path _ steeply. A. departing B. descending C. decreasing D. degenerating11. English language publications in China are growing in volume and _. A. circulation B. rotation C. circumstance D. appreciation121. Hydroponics _ the cultivation of plants without soil. A. does B. is C. do D. are13. To impose computer technology _ teachers is to create an environment that is not conducive to learning. A. with B. to C. in D. on14. Marketing is _ just distributing goods from the manufacturer to the final customer. A. rather than B. other than C. bigger than D. more than15. _ a language family is a group of languages with a common origin and similar vocabulary, grammar, and sound system. A. What linguists call B. It is called by linguists C. Linguists call it D. What do linguists call16. In the eighteenth century, the town of Bennington, Vermont, was famous for _ pottery. A. it made B. its C. the making D. where its17. _ get older, the games they play become increasingly complex. A. Children B. Children, when they C. As children D. For children to18. _ of his childhood home in Hannibal, Missouri, provided Mark Twain with the inspiration for two of his most popular novels. A. Remembering B. Memories C. It was the memories D. He remembered19. Dust storms most often occur in areas where the ground has little vegetation to protect _ of the wind. A. from the effects B. it the effects C. it from the effects D. the effects from it20. Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are a _. A. scarcity B. minority C. minimum D. shortagePart 2 Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences; in each sentence one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21. Shellfish give the deceptive appearance of enjoying a peaceful existence, although in fact life is a constant struggle for them. A. misleading B. calm C. understandable D. initial22. The most striking technological success in the 20th century is probably the computer revolution. A. profitable B. productive C. prominent D. prompt23. Scientific evidence from different disciplines demonstrates that in most humans the left hemisphere of the brain controls language. A. groups of followers B. years C. countries D. fields of study24. Public relations practice is the deliberate, planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain mutual understanding between an organization and its public. A. complete B. related C. intentional D. active25. The use of the new technology will have a profound effect on schools. A. negative B. positive C. strong D. useful26. If we look at the Chinese and British concepts of hospitality, we find one major similarity but a number of important differences. A. hostility B. friendliness C. manner D. culture27. In just three years, the Net has gone from a playground for the local people to a vast communications and trading center where millions swap information or do deals around the world. A. business B. shopping C. chatting D. meeting28. Most species of this plant thrive in ordinary well-drained garden soil and they are best planted 8 cm deep and 5 cm apart. A. develop well B. grow taller C. mature D. bear fruit29. Motivation is the driving force within individuals that impels them to action. A. impedes B. interferes C. holds D. pushes30. The ultimate cause of the Civil War was the bombardment of Fort Sumter. A. only B. final C. true D. special31. No hero of ancient or modern days can surpass the Indians with their lofty contempt of death and the fortitude with which they sustain its cruelest affliction. A. regard B. courage C. loss D. trick32. The service economy doesnt suggest that we convert our factories into laundries to survive. A. imply B. persuade C. hurl D. transform33. It was rather strange how the habits of his youth clung to him still. He was 72. A. stuck to B. turned C. led to D. gave way to34. He has a touch of eccentricity in his composition. A. essay B. writing C. character D. manner 35. Jim was a stout old gentleman, with a weather-beaten countenance. A. body B. skin C. shoulder D. passionate interestPart 3 Error CorrectionThis part consists of 15 sentences; in each sentence there is an underlined part that indicates an error. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.36. Not much people realize that apples have been cultivated for over 3,000 years. A. Not many B. Not enough C. Without many D. No many37. The eastern bluebird is considered the most attractive bird native of North America by many bird-watchers. A. native B. native with C. native by D. native to38. All living creatures pass on inherited traits from one generation to other. A. the other B. another C. others D. other one39. Furniture makers use glue to hold joints together and sometimes to reinforce it. A. its B. fast C. hard D. them40. The hard, out surface of the tooth is called enamel. A. outside B. appearance C. outer D. hiding41. The earliest form of artificial lighting was fire, which also provided warm and protection. A. hot B. sunshine C. warmth D. safe42. All mammals have hair, but not always evident. A. but it is not B. but it is C. but they are not D. but they are43. A professor of economic and history at Atlanta University, W.E.B. Du Bois, promoted full racial equality. A. economy B. economics C. economical D. economic44. Machines that use hydraulic pressure including elevators, dentist chairs, and automobile brakes. A. exclude B. excluding C. include D. are included45. The first recorded use of natural gas to light street lamps it was in the town of Frederick, New York, in 1825. A. was B. is C. it is D. were46. Although the social sciences different a great deal from one another, they share a common interest in human relationship. A. move B. differ C. change D. varies47. Unlike competitive running, race walkers must always keep some portion of their feet in contact with the ground. A. run B. runner C. runners D. running race48. A promising note is a written agreement to pay a certain sum of money at some time future. A. time futures B. futures C. futures time D. future time49. New York City surpassed the other Atlantic seaports in partly because it developed the best transportation links with the interior of the country. A. part B. partial C. partner D. parting50. All root vegetables grow underground, and not all vegetables that grow underground are roots. A. but B. or C. as D. thusSection 2: Reading Comprehension (55 points)In this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C and D) choices to complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Then blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. The time for this section is 75 minutes. Phyllis Wheatley is regarded as Americas first black poet. She was born in Senegal, Africa, about 1753 and brought to America aboard a slave ship at about the age of seven. John and Susannah Wheatley bought her for three pounds at a slave auction in Boston in 1761 to be a personal servant of Mrs. Wheatley. The family had three other slaves, and all were treated with respect. Phyllis was soon accepted as one of the family, which included being raised and educated with the Wheatleys twin 15-year-old children, Mary and Nathaniel. At that time, most females, even from better families, could not read and write, but Mary was probably one of the best educated young women in Boston. Mary wanted to become a teacher, and in fact, it was Mary who decided to take charge of Phylliss education. Phyllis soon displayed her remarkable talents. At the age of twelve she was reading the Greek and Latin classics and passages from the Bible. And eventually. Mrs. Wheatley decided Phyllis should become a Christian. At the age of thirteen Phyllis wrote her first poem. She became a Boston sensation after she wrote a poem on the death of the evangelical preacher George Whitfield in 1770. It became common practice in Boston to have Mrs. Wheatleys Phyllis read poetry in polite society. Mary married in 1771, and Phyllis later moved to the country because of poor health, as a teacher and caretaker to a farmers three children. Mary had tried to interest publishers in Phylliss poems but once they heard she was a Negro they werent interested. Then in 1773 Phyllis went with Nathaniel, who was now a businessman, to London. It was thought that a sea voyage might improve her health. Thirty-nine of her poems were published in London as Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral. It was the first book published by a black American. In 1775 Phyllis wrote a poem extolling the accomplishments of George Washington and sent it to him. He responded by praising her talents and inviting her to visit his headquarters. After both of her benefactors died in 1777, and Mary died in 1778, Phyllis was freed as a slave. She married in 1778, moved away from Boston, and had three children. But after the unhappy marriage, she moved back to Boston, and died in poverty at the age of thirty.51. What does the passage mainly discuss? A. Slavery and the treatment of the black people in America. B. The Wheatley family, including their slaves. C. The life of Americas first black poet. D. The achievements of Phyllis Wheatley.52. The underlined word respect in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _. A. consideration B. disregard C. punishment D. behavior53. According to the passage, how many slaves did the Wheatleys have? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.54. According to the passage, an unusual feature of Mary was that she _. A. was not much older than Phyllis B. wanted to become a teacher C. was comparatively well educated D. decided to take charge of Phylliss education55. The underlined word eventually in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _. A. ultimately B. slowly C. reluctantly D. gradually56. Which of the following is NOT true about Phyllis in the early 1770s? A. She wrote her first poem when in her teens. B. She married in 1771. C. She became a teacher. D. She was able to get her poems published.57. The underlined word they in Paragraph 2 refers to _ A. publishers B. poems C. children D. black people58. It can be inferred that Phylliss trip to England with Nathaniel in 1773 _ A. did not improve her health B. was for business reasons C. led to books of her poems being available in America D. led to the publication of her poems because the English were more interested in religious and moral subjects59. The word extolling is closest in meaning to _ A. welcoming B. stating C. bemoaning D. praising60. Which of the following conclusions about Phyllis is supported by the passage? A. She would have been more recognized as a poet if she had not been black. B. She would have written poetry if she had stayed in Africa. C. She went unrecognized as a poet during her lifetime. D. She only wrote religious poetry. About fifty years ago, plant physiologists set out to grow roots by themselves in solutions in laboratory flasks. The scientists found that the nutrition of isolated roots was quite simple. They required sugar and the usual minerals and vitamins. However, they did not require organic nitrogen compounds. These roots got along fine on mineral inorganic nitrogen. Roots are capable of making their own proteins and other organic compounds. These activities by roots require energy, of course: The process of respiration uses sugar to make the high energy compound ATP, which drives the biochemical reactions. Respiration also requires oxygen. Highly active roots require a good deal of oxygen. The study of isolated roots has provided an understanding of the relationship between shoots and roots in intact plants. The leaves of the shoots provide the roots with sugar and vitamins, and the roots provide the shoots with water and minerals. In addition, roots can provide the shoots with organic nitrogen compounds. This comes in handy for the growth of buds in the early spring when leaves are not yet functioning. Once leaves begin photosynthesizing, they produce protein, but only mature leaves can export protein to the rest of the plant in the form of amino acids.61. What is the main topic of the passage?