高三英语阅读-推理题精讲

Sunny刘娟高考英语阅读理解专项解题技巧-推理判断题怎样做好高考英语阅读理中推理判断题 Reading Comprehension-how to make inferences1).How to infer the implied meanings(推断隐含意义)【Sample】It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach. Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it. If you dont turn it back over, all the sea animals under it or clinging to（依附）the underside will die.You can tell that rocks _.A. hurt sea animals B. protect sea animalsC. wont be found on beaches D. cant be found on beaches【解题技巧】 1.全面分析 2.忠实原文 3.不选表层信息【Practice】1. The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used by peopleEven if wilderness land is not used directly for human needs, the wolves cant always find enough food. So they travel to the nearest source, which is often a farm. Then there is danger. The “big bad wolf” has arrived! And everyone knows what happens nextThe last sentence“ And everyone knows what happens next” implies that in such cases.Afarm animals will be in danger and have to be shipped awayBwolves will kill people and people will in turn kill themCwolves will find enough food sources on farmsDpeople will leave the areas where wolves can live2. One day, as I was getting her food, Brownie chewed up(咬破) one of Dads shoes, which had to be thrown away in the end. I knew Dad would be mad and I had to let her know what she did was wrong. When I looked at her and said, “Bad girl.” She looked down at the ground and then went and hid. I saw a tear in her eyes.We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Brownie _.A. would eat anything when hungry B. felt sorry for her mistakeC. loved playing hide-and-seek D. disliked the authors dad2).How to infer the authors opinion and attitudes(推断作者观点或态度)【Sample】Why isnt your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder, bribery(行贿)，and death. Frankly, I am sick of all the bad news.This authors attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _.A. complain B. apologize C. amuse D. inform【解题技巧】1.注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子2.推断出作者的弦外之音3.站在作者的立场或角度【描述作者态度的词】objective; neutral; subjective; positive; negative; critical; pessimistic; optimistic; approving; disapproving; indifferent; ironic【Practice】In the kitchen of my mothers houses there has always been a wooden stand（木架）with a small notepad（记事本）and a hole for a pencil.Im looking for paper on which to note down the name of a book I am recommending to my mother. Over forty years since my earliest memories of the kitchen pad and pencil, five houses later, the current paper and pencil look the same as they always did. Surely it cant be the same pencil? The pad is more modern, but the wooden stand is definitely the original one.“Im just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these years.” I say to her, walking back into the living-room with a sheet of paper and the pencil. “You still use a pencil. Cant you afford a pen?”My mother replies a little sharply. “It works perfectly well. Ive always kept the stand in the kitchen. I never knew when I might want to note down an idea, and I was always in the kitchen in these days.”What is the authors original opinion about the wooden stand?A. It has great value for the family. B. It needs to be replaced by a better one.C. It brings her back to her lonely childhood. D. It should be passed on to the next generation.In the authors mind, her mother is _.A. strange in behavior. B. keen on her research.C. fond of collecting old things. D. careless about her appearance.3).How to infer the writing purpose(推断写作目的)【Sample】“Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave? Or have you jumped in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves came over you?”asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh.“There is certainly a lot of energy in waves,”he said.The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _A. test the readers knowledge about waves B. draw the readers attention to the topicC. show Jamie Taylors importance D. invite the readers to answer them【写作目的归纳】to entertain readers 娱乐读者，让人发笑,常见于故事类的文章。to persuade readers说服读者接受某种观点,常见于广告类的文章。to inform readers 告知读者某些信息,多见于科普类新闻报道类文化类或社会类文章.【Practice】1. L1PITORABOUT LIPITORLipitor is a prescription medicine. Along with diet and exercise，it lowers “bad cholesterol(胆固醇)in your bloodIt can also raise “good cholesterolLipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors，including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smokingWHO IS LIPITOR FOR?Who can take LIPITOR：People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exerciseAdults and children over l0Who should NOT take LIPITOR：Women who are pregnant，may be pregnant，or may become pregnant. Lipitor may harm your unborn baby What is the main purpose of the passage?(D)A. To teach patients ways for quick recovery.B. To present a report on a scientific research.C. To show the importance of a good lifestyle.D. To give information about a kind of medicine.2. (2010四川B)Boiler rooms are often dirty and steamy, but this one is clean and cool. Fox PoiWhat is the main purpose of the passage?A. To teach patients ways for quick recovery. B. To present a report on a scientific research.C. To show the importance of a good lifestyle. D. To give information about a kind of medicine. 2.a very new47-unit living building in South Bronx, one of the citys poorest areas. Two-thirds of the people living there are formerly (以前) homeless people, whose rent is paid by the government. The rest are low-income families. The boiler room has special equipment, which produces energy for electricity and heat. It reuses heat that would otherwise be lost to the air, reducing carbon emissions(碳排放)while also cutting costs.What is the purpose of describing the boiler room in the first paragraph?A. To explain the measures the city takes to care for poor people.B. To suggest that affordable housing is possible in all areas.C. To show how the environment-friendly building works.D. To compare old and new boiler rooms.4).How to infer the structure and organization(推断文脉关系)【Question forms】The next paragraph would most probably deal with _The paragraph preceding this one would most likely discuss _.【解题技巧】推测下文的内容：推断下文要注意最后一段的内容。推测上文的内容：关注第一段，特别是开始几句话。【Practice】In this article, Ill describe three no-win situations that commonly arise between teens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap. The first no-win situation is quarrels over unimportant things. Examples include the color of the teens hair, the cleanliness of the bedroom, the preferred style of clothing, the childs failure to eat a good breakfast before school, or his tendency to sleep until noon on the weekends. Second, blaming. The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong. Third, needing to be right. It doesnt matter what the topic is politics, the laws of physics, or the proper way to break an eggthe point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong, for both wish to be considered an authority someone who actually knows something and therefore to command respect. Unfortunately, as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more than the other, theyll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress.What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?A. Causes for the parent-teen conflicts. B. Examples of the parent-teen war.C. Solutions for the parent-teen problems. D. Future of the parent-teen relationship.【Question forms】Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?How is the passage organized?【解题技巧】按段落的组织方法理解文章结构或按写作方法（论证方法）理解文章结构。【Practice】The twentieth century saw greater changes than any century before: changes for the better, changes for the worse, changes that brought a lot of benefits to human beings, changes that put man in danger. Many things caused the changes, but, in my opinion, the most important was the progress in science.Scientific research in physics and biology has vastly broadened our views. It has given us a deeper knowledge of the structure of matter and of the universe, it has brought us a better understanding of the nature of life and of its continuous development. Technology in the application of science has made big advances that have benefited us in nearly every part of life.The continuation of such activities in the twenty-first century will result in even greater advantages to human beings: in pure science -a wider and deeper knowledge in all fields of learning; in applied science- a more reasonable sharing of material benefits, and better protection of the environment.Sadly, however, there is another side to the picture. The creativity of science has been employed in doing damage to mankindThe application of science and technology to the development and p