BOD5测定仪(中英文说明二).doc

BOD5测定仪使用安装说明（二）泰州市奥普特分析仪器有限公司TaiZhou City AoPuTe Analysis Instruments Co. Ltd.VI, analytical methods and procedures(A) preparation, four inorganic saltsTake41000mlClean volumetric flask set aside.1、Buffer solutionDissolving the following reagent with distilled water and dilute to1000ml(1)、21.75gPotassium phosphate, dibasic(k2HPO4)(2)、8.5gPotassium dihydrogen phosphate(KH2PO4)(3)、33.4gSodium phosphate, dibasic (Na2HPO47H2OHumidity in the61.07%80.51% stable)(4)、1.7gAmmonium chloride (NH4Cl）2And magnesium sulfate solutionDissolved in distilled water22.5gMagnesium sulfate (MgSO47H2O) And dilute to1000ml.3And calcium chloride solutionDissolved in distilled water is27.5gCalcium chloride (CaCl2) And dilute to1000ml.4And ferric chloride solutionDissolved in distilled water0.25gFerric chloride (FeCl36H2O) And dilute to1000ml。(B) sampleBODMeasurement of the1, Anticipating specimens which are to beBODA range of values, select the close range.If unknown, the samples can beCODvalue, and thereby determine the range (usuallysamples ofBODvalues for samples of theCODvalue of0.8times.BOD1000mg/L, microbial samples containing sufficient oxygen, without vaccination, either directly according to the selected measuring range, found samples from the sampling scale weight.Depending on the number of test samples (up to8) to determine the one samples a few flasks.If there are only two samples, you can choose24determination of flasks, one water sample.Estimates of the sampleBODvalue range, determine the amount of sampling each bottle to determine several flasks of required total amount of sampling.Place the water in a large beaker (1000ml2000ml), per1000mlJoined four inorganic salts the water sample1ml.Put the beaker into the incubator Vice either experiment on location mixing temperatureof 23hours.Both must adjust the waterspHvalue6.77.5(the sweet spotpH7.2）。Outside this range, use appropriate concentrations of sodium hydroxide or sulphuric acid neutralization.Cylinder sampling by fixed measure sampling poured into the flask.Sampling scales (according to flask volume to fill in the actual values from the factory)Measuring range (mg/l)020010003000500080001000Takingsamples2、Placed in each flask1mixed child, flasks placed on the Deputys experiment, note, flasks and Vice-Match the channel number is indicated on, ensure that the set value, the measured value and the exact correspondence between the actual samples.Heat stirring until the water temperature reaches20 1 (approximately12hours).3、Take8cleaning clean the sealing Cup, Cup, puts the total height is about1/4solidNaOHKOH(Or56Particle sizeNaOHParticle), sealed glass bottle mouth and the head has two connections with the surface coated with a thin layer of grease in vacuum, and then placed in each bottle.With hose connection CAP in flasks, rotated through tight, while Deputy machine8reference pressure cartridge seals only tighten bolts, must not allow this processNaOHorKOHinto the culture fluid.4、As previously mentioned, reattached after a check on clock, timing, range set value is accurate withoutFalse positives.If you do not need vaccinations, vaccination should be set value is set to0, this is the mode of non-vaccination,18-channel direct measurements of all as samples.Inoculation when set value is0, the definition for inoculation model, it will inevitably cause computational errors.5And inoculated settings.Some lack of samples of micro-organisms require inoculation (specific operations see inoculation section), requires that all samples of vaccine rate,and require the inoculated water samples while conducting parallel experiments, inoculation and water must be placed on1channel.As the vaccine rate, sample for10%, pressing the key inoculation, enter the numeric key1, and0,then press the Enter key to confirm, the display appears End.Reset and then vaccination key to confirm and correct.6, And thus can be reset by pressing the start key, start experimenting until the set time after the completion, the instrument automatically terminate data collection and displayed in the time display window EndWords, internal buzzer beep prompt end of the experiment.7, And then press the clear key to end buzzer beep, then press the print button, you can print a single channel or all channelsComplete biochemical reaction curves or data.8、Equipment is protected from power failure, in the process, in case of a sudden power outage, all data will be lost.Calldisplay window displays briefly, run, the instrumentautomatically resumes without the need for human intervention (power outage time may affect the measurement result).9, Apparatus, once started, may not be hitting the reset button.As a result of special circumstances to be cancelled this experiment can be reset, but running data will be lost, if it was started not long (2hours), could be restarted to continue to experiment, you should terminate the experiment.(C), measurement data processing1And for undiluted samples within the range established by (allows ultra-range20%), the instrument measured valuesIsBODValue.Diluted samples, simply multiply the measured value dilution ratio forBODvalues.(D)、Standard samples of experimental method1、Preparation of dilution waterTake a2000mlBeakers, the amount of cylinder volume2000mlPour distilled water into the beaker, add four inorganic salts in the beaker2ml, Which is diluted with water.2、2000mlDilution of dissolved in water300mgGlucose (C6H12O4) And300mgGlutamic acid (such as glucose for laboratory use due to its crystal water and glucose should be weighed330mg）。In the mixing beaker and a child, place the beaker into experimental position of Vice within the incubator machine, constant stirring23hours.Note: prior to this standard solution should be used every time a fresh configuration.3Use1000mlVaccination of domestic wastewater beaker to get fresh liquid, place the beaker into the boxes under test position, simultaneously with the standard thermostat23hours.4And set asideAfter dissolving all reference materials, the amount of cylinder200mlAnd cylinder take200mlIn samples of sewage poured into the standard.Standard samples of inoculated in the incubator experiment places on the auxiliary engine thermostatic mixing12hours.5、Sampling scales0300mg/LMeasuring range a given amount of sampling, volume inoculated standard samples, respectively, into7Flask, and placed under28-channel defined position.0100mg/lmeasuring range a given amount of sampling, volume of domestic sewage poured into1flask, put in under the first channelParallel determination of the location.Then press the aforementioned sampleBODmeasurement of39to experiment.6If28-channel measurements at180230mg/LWithin the method indicates that the instrument is appropriate, correct results.If measurement result exceeds the range, to check up on the performance, procedures and methods of operation, as well as vaccination water meets the requirements (see the following section impactBODdetermination factor).(V), impactBODDetermining factors1.Oxygen, dissolvedSamples taken in winter because the temperature is set at20, dissolved oxygen supersaturation, and samples taken in summer20 saturated dissolved oxygen may owe.BODdetermination of these samples should be before mixing and aeration, and adjusted so that the dissolved oxygen to20 saturation point or so.2、pHWater samples should be adjustedpH6.77.5between (bestpH7.2), outside this range, with largeAcid and alkaline water samples, measured values may be lower than actual content.3、TemperatureEquipment required20 1 temperatures for experiments outside this range, can also affect the measurement results.Therefore, in front of the experimental samples had to be20 1 constant temperature pretreatment, winter and summer temperature deviation during periods of high, pretreatment time shall be extended appropriately.4、DilutionIf the test sampleBODEstimates more than1000mg/L,Diluted diluted water samples that are available.By adding dilution waterShould be kept for20C and aerated dissolved oxygen saturation.5、Vaccination(1) the significance ofBODExperiment, requirements for bio-oxidation of organic matter and water samples containing moderate aerobic bacterial oxidation of organic compounds, as well asDevouring organisms aerobic bacteria and promote the growth of other micro-organisms.If no or almost no such microorganisms in water, the water sample must be proportionally to join solution of such micro-organisms.This process is called inoculation.Differ from the General domestic sewage, industrial wastewater may not contain sufficient amounts of bacteria and germs, for samples containing organic compounds in incomplete biochemical decomposition, such samples, therefore, should be vaccinated.Even wastewater, containing phenol, andformaldehyde and other substances that inhibit the growth of bacteria that not only cannot be used as inoculation fluid and theirBODmeasurementis necessary vaccinations.（2）Preparation of and inoculatedSolution for vaccinations20 placed2436hours without treatment,Contain adequate amounts of bacteria and micro-organismsFresh sewage supernatant.In the next experiment, to use a previous determination of water sample as liquid inoculation, to filter through filter paper, this bearing in mind the liquid at20 under light, you can use up to two months.(3), the mode of non-vaccination vaccinationsOf samples will be prepared into the flask, pipet25drops of liquid inoculation (with sample) added to the sample, pressing the key inoculation, inoculation setting value to0(8channel all as sample measurement), follow the steps for determinationBOD。Because the vaccinations are too few liquid plus, can simply ignore its effects, final measured values can be treated as samples of actualBODvalues.（4）Vaccination, vaccination modeIf the mode of non-vaccination vaccination cannot cause decomposition of organic matter in water, vaccination should be added, using mode of inoculation inoculation.Experiments of vaccination should be fluid and samples at the same time, parallel sampling measurement and calculation.Vaccinations often pick up1%,5%,10%.六、分析方法与步骤（一）、四种无机盐的制备取4只1000ml清洗干净的容量瓶备用。1、 缓冲液用蒸馏水溶解下列试剂并稀释到1000ml(1)、21.75g磷酸氢二钾(K2HPO4)(2)、8.5g磷酸二氢钾(KH2PO4)(3)、33.4g磷酸氢二钠（Na2HPO47H2O湿度在61.0780.51稳定）(4)、1.7g氯化铵（NH4Cl）2、硫酸镁溶液在蒸馏水中溶解22.5g硫酸镁（MgSO47H2O）并稀释至1000ml.3、氯化钙溶液在蒸馏水中溶解27.5g氯化钙（CaCl2）并稀释至1000ml.4、三氯化铁溶液在蒸馏水中溶解0.25g三氯化铁（FeCl36H2O）并稀释至1000ml。（二）样品BOD5的测量1、预估被测样品的BOD5值的范围，选择接近量程。如无法预估，可先测定该样品的COD值，并以此确定量程（通常样品的BOD5值为该样品的COD值的0.8倍。对BOD5值在1000mg/L以下，含有足够需氧微生物的样品，不需接种，可以直接根据选定的测量范围，从取水样量表中查得取样量。根据所测样品数量的多少（最多8个）来确定用几个培养瓶测定其中一个样品。如果只有两个水样，可选择24个培养瓶测定其中一个水样。预估该样品的BOD5值的范围，确定每个瓶的取水样量，从而确定几个培养瓶所需总的取样量。将该水样放在一个大烧杯中（1000ml2000ml），按每1000ml水样各加入四种无机盐各1ml。将烧杯放到培养箱内副机的任一实验位置上搅拌恒温23小时。同时必须调节该水样的pH值在6.77.5之间（最佳点为pH7.2）。如超出此范围，可用适当浓度的氢氧化钠或硫酸中和。然后用量筒按确定好的取样量量取水样倒入培养瓶中。 取水样量表（出厂时按培养瓶体积填上实际值）测量范围（mg/L）0 20010003000500080001000取 样 量2、 每只培养瓶中放入1只搅拌子，培养瓶放在副机的实验位置上，注意培养瓶号与副机上标注的通道号相吻合，确保设置值、测量值与实际样品的准确对应关系。经加温搅拌，直至水样温度达到201（约需12小时）。3、 取8只清洗干净的密封杯，杯中放入占总高度约1/4的固体NaOH或KOH(或56粒NaOH颗粒)，将密封杯与瓶口及连接头接触的两个面涂上薄薄的真空硅脂，然后置于每个瓶口。将与软管连接的瓶盖在培养瓶上旋紧，同时将副机上8只参考气压仓的密封螺栓旋紧，此过程切不可让NaOH或KOH掉入培养液中。4、 按照前面所述，在复位状态下足一检查核对时钟、时间、量程的设置值是否准确无误。如不需接种，应将接种设置值设置为0，此为非接种模式，18通道全部作为样品直接测量。如此时接种设置值不为0，则定义为接种模式，势必造成计算错误。 5、接种设置。有些样品微生物不足需进行接种（具体操作见“接种”一节），这里要求所有样品的接种比例一致,并规定接种水与样品同时进行平行样实验，且接种水必须放在第1通道。如该批样品的接种比例为10，按下接种键，输入数字键1、0后再按回车键确认，显示器出现“End“字样。复位后再按接种键，确认输入无误。 6、至此可复位后按启动键，开始进行实验，直到设定时间完成后，仪器自动终止数据采集，并在时间显示窗口显示“End”字样，机内蜂鸣器鸣叫提示实验结束。 7、此时按下清除键，终止蜂鸣器鸣叫，再按打印键，可打印单一通道或全部通道的完整的生化反应曲线或数据。 8、仪器具有掉电保护功能，实验过程中如遇突然停电，所有数据都不会丢失。来电时显示窗口短暂显示“run”后，仪器自动恢复运行而无须人工干预（停电时间过长则可能影响测量结果）。 9、仪器一旦启动，不得再按复位键。如因特殊情况须取消本次实验可复位，但运行的数据将丢失，如果是启动时间不长（如2小时以内），尚可重新启动继续实验，否则应终止本次实验。（三）、测定数据的处理 1、对于未经稀释处理的样品，在所设量程范围内（允许超量程20），仪器测量值就是BOD5值。对于稀释处理的样品，只需将测量值乘以稀释倍数即为BOD5值。 （四）、标准样品的实验方法 1、制备稀释水 取一只2000ml烧杯，用量筒量取2000ml蒸馏水倒入烧杯中，在烧杯中加入四种无机盐各2ml，即为稀释水。 2、在2000ml稀释水中溶解300mg葡萄糖（C6H12O4）和300mg谷氨酸（如实验室用葡萄糖因其带一个结晶水，故葡萄糖应称量330mg）。在烧杯中放一搅拌子，将烧杯放到培养箱内副机的实验位置上，恒温搅拌2