外语系05实用翻译2.A卷及参考答案.doc

福建师范大学福清分校外语系 英语专业05级实用翻译期末考试A卷 （20082009学年度第一学期） 班级 座号 姓名 题号IIIIIIIVV合计得分得分评卷人I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese (共15题，每题2 分，共30分) 1. Heart failure in the aged may result from any condition which interferes with the coronary blood flow, increases the work of the myocardium, or impairs myocardial function.2. Advances in treatments available to younger patients are equally valuable to older patients although treatment of congestive heart failure in old patients poses problems of greater magnitude than in younger persons and requires special consideration owing to the multiple pathological ailments and changes in pharmacological responses with age.3. Most of us tend to believe that competition is good, and that competition fairly handled can generally stimulate more efficiency in production, greater efforts to improve products and lower prices for consumers.4. Illegal immigrants put pressure on public schools and hospitals, strain state and local budgets, and bring crime to our communities. Yet the vast majority are decent people who work hard and lead responsible lives.5. The period of history which is commonly called “period” has a mental outlook which differs from that of the mediaeval period in many ways. Of these, two are the most important: the diminishing authority of Church and the increasing authority of Science.6. There is yet another difference from ecclesiastical authority, which declares its pronouncement to be absolutely certain and eternally unalterable: the pronouncements of science are made tentatively, 试验性地, 暂时地 on a basis of probability, and are regarded as liable to modification. This produces a temper of mind very different from that of the medieval dogmatist. 7. No penalties fall upon those who reject it; no prudential arguments influence those who accept it. It prevails solely by its intrinsic appeal to reason. 8. aardvark (Afrikaans: earth pig) A nocturnal African mammal, Orycteropus afer, also called ant bear. It is about 1.5m long, lives in grassland, and has a long snout, large ears, and a thick tail. Its strong claws are used to dig burrows and tear open the mounds of termites, which are picked up with its long sticky tongue. The aardvark is the only member of its order （Tubulidentata ）。(麦克米伦百科全书 9. Wenceslas unpopular submission to the German king Henry the Fowler gave rise to a conspiracy of nobles, who incited Wenceslass brother to assassinated him(Wenceslas, St).10. The main social division is between those engaged in agriculture and the more prestigious livestock farming (Turkmen).11. It was most used in antiquity, when silk was taken westwards and wool and precious metals eastwards, but was again traveled in the later middle ages, notably by Marco Polo (Silk Road).12. They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask.13. Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world.14. The first generation of museums are what might be called natural museums which, by means of fossils, specimens and other objects, introduced to people the evolutionary history of the Earth and various kinds of organisms.15. Cooper was illustrating a distinctly American trait, future-mindedness: the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come. As Albert Einstein once said, “Life for the American is always becoming, never being.”得分评卷人II. Translate the following passage into Chinese (25分)I experienced the community of people who worked hard but always with plenty of laughing and singing. These people were dirt-poor by western standards, with no running water or electricity or any other modern convenience. Yet, they display tremendous joy in their lives with their keen senses of humor and their liking for dancing and drumming till the early hours of morning. I learned a powerful lesson that will continue to impress me for decades to come. Happiness is not dependent on material wealth and it was this lesson that eventually led me to question the American dream, a dream of gaining as much money, power and status as humanlyas possible. 得分评卷人III. Translate the following sentences into English (共20分，每题4分)1. 为政者的内涵，包括道德的理念与修养，体现为对国家使命的承担与政治奉献，加上对理想的坚持，远虑深谋，不轻易因眼前的波折而有所迷失。2. 保险公司说，仅去年，入室盗窃所造成的损失就比前一年上升了38%，达到两亿一千九百七十万英镑3. 才能是以学识为基础，加上经验的累积，在瞬息万变的今天，还要有遇见社会发展的疏漏而知所纠偏的洞察力与勇气。4. 日益增多的证据表明，越来越多的文物正在其所在国被非法挖掘。例如，最近英国对总数达546件文物的五大收藏进行了研究，确定其中82%来源可疑。5. 可是，上海这座近代大城市却更有它的另一面，它有活力、它聪慧、革新、进取，它敢于担风险，有竞争意识及机制，这种城市意识或风格，使人奋发，跟上时代，走向进步。得分评卷人IV. Translate the following paragraph into English (20分)中国政府高度重视保护环境.。认为保护环境关系到国家现代化建设的全局和长远发展，是造福当代、惠及子孙的事业。中国政府将环境保护确立为一项基本国策，在推进经济发展的同时，采取一系列措施加强保护环境。特别是近年来，中国政府坚持预防为主、综合治理、全面推进、重点突破，着力解决危害人民群众健康的突出环境问题；坚持创新体制机制，依靠科学进步，强化环境法治，发挥社会各方面的积极性。 经过努力，环境污染和生态破坏加剧的趋势减缓，部分流域污染治理初见成效，部分城市和地区环境质量有所改善，全社会保护环境意识进一步增强。得分评卷人V. Edit the following with standard sign (5分) 1 改正： 增高产品质量 2 删除： 提高产品品质量3 增补： 要做好寒保暖工作4. 对调: 认真经验总结5 分开： Goodmorning福建师范大学福清分校外语系 英语 专业05级实用翻译期末A卷参考答案 （20082009学年度第一学期） 班级 座号 姓名 题号IIIIIIIVV合计得分得分评卷人I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese (共15题，每题2 分，共30分) 1. Heart failure in the aged may result from any condition which interferes with the coronary blood flow, increases the work of the myocardium, or impairs myocardial function.老年人心力衰竭可由冠状动脉血流障碍，心肌负荷过重或心肌功能障碍造成。2. Advances in treatments available to younger patients are equally valuable to older patients although treatment of congestive heart failure in old patients poses problems of greater magnitude than in younger persons and requires special consideration owing to the multiple pathological ailments and changes in pharmacological responses with age.老年人心力衰竭的治疗比年轻心衰病人的治疗更加困难。由于年老，病人有多种疾病并存，对药物反应也各有不同，所以治疗时要顾及老年人的特殊性。不过，在年轻人病人中采用新治疗方法仍然适用于老年病人。3. Most of us tend to believe that competition is good, and that competition fairly handled can generally stimulate more efficiency in production, greater efforts to improve products and lower prices for consumers.我们大多数人相信竞争是有益的,公平的竞争通常会使生产效率更高,提高产品质量力度更大,以及产品销售价格更低。4. Illegal immigrants put pressure on public schools and hospitals, strain state and local budgets, and bring crime to our communities. Yet the vast majority are decent people who work hard and lead responsible lives.非法移民给公立学校和医院带来压力,造成州政府和地方政府预算紧张,且导致社区犯罪率上升。但是大部分非法移民都是工作努力、有责任感的好人。5. The period of history which is commonly called “period” has a mental outlook which differs from that of the mediaeval period in many ways. Of these, two are the most important: the diminishing authority of Church and the increasing authority of Science.属于“现代”， 其思想观点不同于中古时期。其中，主要区别有二：一是教会权威日衰，而是科学权威日增。6. There is yet another difference from ecclesiastical authority, which declares its pronouncement to be absolutely certain and eternally unalterable: the pronouncements of science are made tentatively, 试验性地, 暂时地 on a basis of probability, and are regarded as liable to modification. This produces a temper of mind very different from that of the medieval dogmatist. 科学权威尚有一点不同于教会的权威，教会每有宣示，必曰其千真万确。科学做出的判断，曰其是试验的结论，基于可能性，且科学的结论可加以修正，这便是科学家思想与中古时期固执教义截然不同之处。7. No penalties fall upon those who reject it; no prudential arguments influence those who accept it. It prevails solely by its intrinsic appeal to reason. 对于科学权威，可以拒绝，可以接受。拒绝者不受惩罚，接受者无须考虑自身名誉影响。科学之所以有权威是因为科学有其内在的令人折服的说理。8. aardvark (Afrikaans: earth pig) A nocturnal African mammal, Orycteropus afer, also called ant bear. It is about 1.5m long, lives in grassland, and has a long snout, large ears, and a thick tail. Its strong claws are used to dig burrows and tear open the mounds of termites, which are picked up with its long sticky tongue. The aardvark is the only member of its order （Tubulidentata ）。(麦克米伦百科全书 土豚 aardvark（南非荷兰语名：土猪 earth pig）一种非洲夜行哺乳动物，Orycteropus afer，又名大食蚁兽。体长约1.5米，栖居草原；长吻，大耳，粗尾巴。爪子锋利，用以挖地洞，扒白蚁穴；舌长，有粘性，用以舔食白蚁。属管齿目（Tubulidentata），是该目唯一的品种。9. Wenceslas unpopular submission to the German king Henry the Fowler gave rise to a conspiracy of nobles, who incited Wenceslass brother to assassinated him(Wenceslas, St).文策斯劳斯对德国国王亨利（捕鸟者） 惟命是从，令人反感，导致贵族们密谋策划，煽动其弟去刺杀他（文策斯劳）10. The main social division is between those engaged in agriculture and the more prestigious livestock farming (Turkmen).主要社会分工为从事农业和从事畜牧业人口，而后者地位更高（土库曼人）。11. It was most used in antiquity, when silk was taken westwards and wool and precious metals eastwards, but was again traveled in the later middle ages, notably by Marco Polo (Silk Road).古时代最为通行。那时丝绸经此路西运，羊毛和贵金属经此路东运。中世纪后期再次成为旅行者之路。最著名者有马可波罗之中国行 （丝绸之路）。12. They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask.他们明白：爱与装爱，傻与装傻，知与装知、真正博学与假装博学之间是有区别的。成功者无须躲在面具后面。13. Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world.全球化正在使地球变得愈来愈小、愈来愈快和愈来愈富有。尽管如此，9/11、禽流感及伊朗提醒我们，更小更快的世界决不意味着其更安全。14. The first generation of museums are what might be called natural museums which, by means of fossils, specimens and other objects, introduced to people the evolutionary history of the Earth and various kinds of organisms.世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生 物的演化历史。15. Cooper was illustrating a distinctly American trait, future-mindedness: the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come. As Albert Einstein once said, “Life for the American is always becoming, never being.”库柏在这里揭示了一种美国人独有的特征，即前瞻性：他们能够站在未来的高度来看现在的一切；摆脱过去束缚而更加心系未来。正如埃尔伯特爱因斯坦曾言：“对美国人来说，生活总是进取，而非守成。得分评卷人II. Translate the following passage into Chinese (25分)I experienced the community of people who worked hard but always with plenty of laughing and singing. These people were dirt-poor by western standards, with no running water or electricity or any other modern convenience. Yet, they display tremendous joy in their lives with their keen senses of humor and their liking for dancing and drumming till the early hours of morning. I learned a powerful lesson that will continue to impress me for decades to come. Happiness is not dependent on material wealth and it was this lesson that eventually led me to question the American dream, a dream of gaining as much money, power and status as humanlyas possible.我曾在这样一群人中生活，他们工作辛苦，却总是充满了欢笑和歌声。用西方社会的生活标准来衡量的话，这些人极为贫困，没有自来水，居住地不通电，没有任何的现代化生活设施。然而，他们富于幽默感，热爱舞蹈击鼓，生活充满了乐趣，甚至狂欢至凌晨。我受到了深深的触动，这种感触在以后的几十年中会一直影响我。幸福并不基于物质财富。这个启发使我最终对“美国之梦”产生了怀疑，因为“美国之梦”就是尽人的能力所及争取更多的金钱、权力及更高的地位。 得分评卷人III. Translate the following sentences into English (共20分，每题4分)1. 为政者的内涵，包括道德的理念与修养，体现为对国家使命的承担与政治奉献，加上对理想的坚持，远虑深谋，不轻易因眼前的波折而有所迷失。The quality of a leader, including moral character and self-cultivation, is shown in his sense of mission and political commitment to the nation. He must be farsighted, must persevere in what he believes in and not be sidetracked by temporary setback.2. 保险公司说，仅去年，入室盗窃所造成的损失就比前一年上升了38%，达到两亿一千九百七十万英镑The insurance companies report that last year alone household burglary losses rose by 38 per cent over the previous year to 219.7 million pounds.3. 才能是以学识为基础，加上经验的累积，在瞬息万变的今天，还要有遇见社会发展的疏漏而知所纠偏的洞察力与勇气。Knowledge is the basis of a leaders ability and experience is the sum of precious lessons learnt over time. But to keep up with the fast-changing world, a leader also needs to have the foresight to predict what may go wrong as well as the courage to correct it. 4. 日益增多的证据表明，越来越多的文物正在其所在国被非法挖掘。例如，最近英国对总数达546件文物的五大收藏进行了研究，确定其中82%来源可疑。Evidence is increasing that more and more artifacts人造物品（cultural relic）are being illegally unearthed from their countries of origin. A recent British study of five large collections totaling 546 objects, for instance, determined that 82 percent of the objects were suspect.5. 可是，上海这座近代大城市却更有它的另一面，它有活力、它聪慧、革新、进取，它敢于担风险，有竞争意识及机制，这种城市意识或风格，使人奋发，跟上时代，走向进步。However, there is a different and more important picture of Shanghai as a modern metropolis. It has been full of vitality and vigor, displaying its unique intelligence and wisdom, characterized by an innovative and enterprising spirit. It has the courage to assume risks and is in possession of both the awareness and the mechanism of competition. Such a metropolitan mentality or style inspires its residents, encouraging them to keep abreast with the changing epochs and to make efforts toward greater progress. 得分评卷人IV. Translate the following paragraph into English (20分)中国政府高度重视保护环境.。认为保护环境关系到国家现代化建设的全局和长远发展，是造福当代、惠及子孙的事业。中国政府将环境保护确立为一项基本国策，在推进经济发展的同时，采取一系列措施加强保护环境。特别是近年来，中国政府坚持预防为主、综合治理、全面推进、重点突破，着力解决危害人民群众健康的突出环境问题；坚持创新体制机制，依靠科学进步，强化环境法治，发挥社会各方面的积极性。 经过努力，环境污染和生态破坏加剧的趋势减缓，部分流域污染治理初见成效，部分城市和地区环境质量有所改善，全社会保护环境意识进一步增强。The Chinese government attaches great importance to environmental protect