大学英语精读第二册(修订本)练习试卷3含答案及讲解.doc

华东理工大学继续教育学院成人教育基础英语（二级）模拟试卷三I. Vocabulary and structure (30%)1. His conclusion is _ his own practical experiences. A) directed to B) based on C) concluded in D) accumulated by 2. He _ from the water, holding the camera high in one of his hands. A) came B) appeared C) merged D) emerged 3. He prefers living alone in a quiet village _ living in a city. A) than B) more than C) rather than D) to4. Citizens took to the street to _ against the building of a nuclear power station.A) perform B) promote C) protest D) contrast5. Here are some toys. You can _ one or two for your little son as a birthday gift from me.A) pick out B) work out C) single out D) take out6. Im sorry to _ you, but can you direct me to the railway station?A) annoy B) trouble C) interrupt D) bother7. It was _ of him to be so rude.A) typical B) special C) exactly D) symbolic8. According to the scientific reports, people under stress _ to express their full range of potential.A) intend B) bend C) attend D) tend9. Dont _ to let me know if there is anything I can do for you. A) rejectB) hesitateC) refuseD) prevent10. At the conference he expressed some personal views which later brought him into _ with the Party leadership. A) actionB) crisisC) conflictD) power11. They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan ten days ahead of schedule, _ was something we had not expected. A) that B) thisC) itD) which12. If you undertake this project you are bound to _ many difficulties. A) encounterB) face withC) overcomeD) handle13. The three hours I spent in the school library _ my old passion for reading. A) brought aboutB) brought overC) brought forthD) brought back14. Janes dress is similar in design _ her sisters. A) withB) likeC) toD) as15. Dicks uncle has to _ for his education as his father has come down in the world. A) spendB) takeC) costD) pay16. My native town, which was _ rather small, has now been built into one of the biggest cities in the province. A) traditionallyB) originallyC) occasionallyD) undoubtedly17. Many people have the bad habit of spending money on _. A) argumentB) crisisC) impulseD) motion18. The mans eyes _ with fear when he saw the robbers gun. A) widenedB) enlargedC) expandedD) extended19. What other things were invented in ancient China _ the compass?A) except B) beside C) except for D) besides20. Well have to find a new _ of income. A) origin B) resource C) source D) idea21. He has no interest in knowing how others _ his theory to practice.A) employed B) applied C) used D) performed22. The boys teachers looked upon his worsening performance with _.A) satisfactionB) disapprovalC) leisureD) agreement23. There are very _ books which I can say I have really enjoyed. A) fewB) a fewC) littleD) a little24. The boy is very intelligent, but his lack of _ prevents his success. A) ambitionB) applicationC) functionD) emotion25. The noise around was terrible, but I had to _ it. A) keep away fromB) keep up withC) live withD) live on26. I expect to _ many difficulties in the course of this job.A) solveB) causeC) encounterD) emerge27. Possession of a gun often gives the owner a false sense of _, and may do more harm than good. A) illusionB) securityC) responseD) identification 28. You will _ getting burnt if you dont keep away from the fire. A) make upB) take upC) end upD) come up29. The _ we have seen so far suggests that lack of vitamin C may indeed be the cause of his illness. A) behaviorB) indicationC) evidenceD) incident30. Is long hair out of _ in your country? A) styleB) orderC) conditionD) timesII. Reading comprehension (30%)Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage: Fire has been used for many years. Long ago, people who lived in caves made fires. They used fire to keep warm. At night they used them for light. They found they could see better with fires going. They also learned that animals like lions and tigers were afraid of fire. So cave people kept putting more wood on their fires from time to time. They were safe as long as they had a fire going.After a while people began to make ovens by piling up rocks over the fires. They baked bread in the rock ovens. Sometimes they baked things like apples and potatoes. But they could still cook over open fires when they wanted to. So they had many ways to make food.Later, people used fires for many other things. People used their ovens to bake clay pots so they would get hard. Then they used these pots to store food. They also baked mud blocks. With these, they built better homes. They made many things.After people learned to cook and store food, they did not have to hunt every day. Fire made their lives easier. It was a big help. Even when hunting was bad, the people had stored food to eat.Today fire is still used in many ways. It warms our homes, cooks our food, and helps make the things we build with. We could not live without it. Fire is still very important.31. Long ago, cave people used fires for the following purposes EXCEPT _.A) they kept warmB) they kept animals out caveC) they heated water on fireD) the could see better at night32. Which of the following is not mentioned according to the passage?A) People made ovens by piling up rocks over the fires.B) People baked bread and other food in the rock ovens.C) People baked clay pots in the ovens.D) People made tools by heating iron in the ovens.33. From the passage we can infer that_.A) People made a lot of pots and made much moneyB) Use of fire is a big progress in peoples lifeC) People didnt hunt any more after they had used fireD) People felt nervous in case of fire34. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A) People today use fire for more than one purpose.B) No animals are still afraid of fire.C) Such animals as lions used to be afraid of fire.D) Fire can be our enemies as well as our friends.35. What is mainly discussed in the passage?A) Fire plays a very important role in peoples life.B) People baked apples and potatoes on fire.C) Lions and tigers are afraid of fire.D) People like fire very much today. Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage: If you ask me to tell how to get along in the United States, I think the following “dos”and “donts” would be helpful.Generally speaking, it isnt easy to find anyone to talk to in a busy city. So you should try to do the following. First, get or borrow a dog! Walk him several times a day! Americans love dogs and cats and usually stop to talk to anyone with a dog. Then, try to eat in a restaurant. People generally share the same tables and will sometimes talk to you if they see you are new there. Next, take your dirty clothes to a laundry! It takes about an hour to wash and dry them and people there often pass the time talking with each other, always ask for information from a woman if you are a man, and from a man, if you are a woman! Learn to say, “Please”, “Thank you” and “Youre welcome” and use them all the time!There are some things you shouldnt do. Dont tell the truth when people ask “How are you?” The only answer they want is “Fine”. Never ask people their age-especially woman! Everyone wants to be young. Dont tell heavy people they are fat. Tell them they are losing weight. Everyone wants to be thin. Dont be late when meeting people! When someone says six oclock, be sure to be there by six. Americans respect time and want everyone to be “on time”.36. It isnt easy to find anyone to talk to in the USA because _. A) the streets are empty B) you are new thereC) people there are busy D) you dont have time37. Americans like talking to _. A) dogs and catsB) womenC) menD) those who are walking a dog38. When talking to people there, you may say _.A) “How are you?” B) “How old are you?”C) “What is your weight?” D) “You seem to be fat.”39. The words “heavy people” means _. A) people who do heavy work B) people who are fat C) people who are thin D) people who are important40. If you visit a friend, you _. A) can be there at any timeB) may be there a little lateC) had better arrive very earlyD) should be there at the right time Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage: Ants are great athletes in proportion to their size. They can lift a weight four hundred times their own weight. Theoretically a five-pound ant could easily lift a ton.The most skillful farmers in the insect world are the small, heavily armored parasol ants. They work at night and it is nothing for them to strip a large tree at a time, marching off with bits of leaf held over them like parasols.Surprisingly enough, these ants do not eat the vegetation they got. Rather they use it as raw material for their remarkable underground gardens which they tend themselves. The shreds of the leaves are literally chewed into a rich compost (肥料) which is used to strengthen the garden where a thread-like fungus(菌类) is cultivated. This species of fungus is their only source of food.Included in the extraordinary parasol ant society are tiny garden workers, and slightly bigger workers who dig the interconnecting chambers of the hive. The parasol queen ant, more than one hundred times the size of the garden workers, is waited upon hand and foot by hundreds of her citizens.41. An ant is very strong in proportion to its weight. Ants can lift a weight _.A) 300 times their own weightB) 600 times their own weightC) five-pound more than their own weightD) 400 times their own weight42. In a short time, they can strip a tree of all its leaves in order to make a _.A) home for the queen antB) compost for their gardensC) species of fungusD) kind of food43. When did the armored parasol ants work? A) At night. B) At daytime.C) In the morning.D) At noon.44. Whats the usage of fungus?A) To decorate the garden. B) The only source of the ants food.C) To protect the tree.D) The place for them to live in.45. The armored parasols are regarded as _. A) great athletesB) queen antsC) skillful farmersD) chamber buildersIII. Cloze (10%)Agnes Miller was one of the earliest leaders of the womens liberation movement in U.S. She was born _46_ a farm in Missouri in 1892. She had a very happy life _47_ a child. Her parents and her brothers always _48_ her as their favorite. She _49_ her years in school and was a very good student of mathematics.In 1900 Agnes went _50_ to college. Here she first became _51_ that women were not treated as equals. She didnt like being treated unequally _52_ she tried to get a job in her _53_ field- physics. She soon found it was almost impossible _54_ a woman to do so.Agnes spent a whole year _55_ for a job. Finally she gave up _56_ anger. She began writing letters of protest to various newspapers. An editor in New York liked her ideas very much. He _57_ liked her style. He asked her to do a series of stories _58_ the difficulties women had in finding a job.She traveled to several large cities _59_ stories about them. Her articles began to _60_ in more and more newspapers. Her book in _61_ of womens liberation became a bestseller(畅销书). She also wrote stories and poems. But it was her work on equal right for women _62_ provided most of her income. _63_ she never saw equal right for women she never _64_ her fight. And she _65_ many other women the way to continue the fight.46. A) atB) inC) onD) from47. A) asB) likeC) forD) with48. A) coped with B) handled C) dealt withD) treated49. A) took B) made C) studiedD) enjoyed50. A) along B) down C) upD) off 51. A) clear B) aware C) realizing D) understanding 52. A) still B) as C) butD) when53. A) major B) chief C) mainD) principal54. A) asB) for C) like D) with 55. A) look B) to look C) lookedD) looking56. A) at B) beyond C) in D) on 57. A) stillB) yet C) speciallyD) especially58. A) at B) in C) onD) with59. A) to write B) to have written C) to be writingD) to be written60. A) appearB) show C) printD) publish 61. A) helpB) support C) struggleD) need62. A) that B) what C) whichD) where 63. A) Even B) Despite C) AsD) Although64. A) gave in B) gave backC) gave off D) gave up65. A) tookB) showedC) broadenedD) pointedIV. Translation from English into Chinese (15%)66. Because of excellent weather conditions and extremely strong signals, Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information as to the feasibility of a manned flying saucer landing on earth. 67. As a boy and then as an adult, I never lost my wonder at the personality that was Einstein. He was the only person I knew who had come to terms with himself and the world around him. 68. When you can say to yourself, “There is no surgical patient I cannot treat competently, treat just as well as or better than any other surgeon” -then, and not until then, you are indeed a surgeon. V. Translation from Chinese into English (15%)69. 约翰尼已长大成熟，不再害怕独自呆在家里了。70. 会上有人建议任命一个十一人委员会来制定新章程。71. 很明显是他的年轻助手在经营这家书店。 72. 医生对诺兰(Nolen)太太说，她搬到乡下去住的明智决定在一定程度上帮助她恢复了健康。(to a certain degree, bring back)73. 成功在于勤奋(diligence)，这句话很正确。(lie in) 基础英语（二级）模拟试卷三答案及详解 I. Vocabulary and structure 1. B。direct to表示“将(注意力、谈话等)指向;针对”；base on表示“基于;把建立在的基础上”；conclude in表示“推断出，断定；结束”；accumulate表示“累积, 积聚; 积攒”。 2. D。come from表示“来自于”；appear表示“出现; 显露”；merge表示“使合并,使并为一体”； emerge表示“浮现;出现(+from/out of)”。 3. D。prefer doing A to doing B表示“宁愿选择A而不选择B”。还可用结构prefer to do A rather than do B。 4. C。perform表示“表演；履行;执行;完成;做”；promote表示“促进，发扬；提升；推销”；protest表示“抗议,反对(+about/against/at)”；contrast表示“形成对照”。 5. A。pick out表示“挑选出; 拣出”；work out表示“想出; 制订出; 产生出”；single out表示“选拔，找出”；take out表示“取出”。 6. D。annoy表示“惹恼,使生气; 使烦恼”；trouble表示“使烦恼;使忧虑”；interrupt表示“打断(讲话或讲话人)”；bother表示“烦扰, 打搅”。 7. A。typical表示“典型的, 有代表性的”； special表示“特别的,特殊的”； exactly表示“确切地, 精确地; 完全地”； symbolic表示“象征的, 象征性的; 作为象征的”。 8. D。intend表示“想要;打算+to-v+v-ing+(that)”；bend表示“使弯曲,折弯”；attend表示“出席,参加”；tend表示“倾向;易于(+to/towards)+to-v”。 9. B。reject表示“拒绝, 抵制”；hesitate表示“踌躇; 犹豫”；refuse表示“拒绝; 拒受; 拒给;不准”； prevent表示“阻止；防止”。 10. C。action表示“行动”；crisis表示“危机”；conflict表示“冲突”；power表示“权力”。11. D。which引导非限制性定于从句，指代上句所述内容。 12. A。encounter表示“遭遇(敌人); 遇到(困难,危险等)”；be faced with表示“面临，面对”；overcome表示“战胜; 克服”； handle表示“操作; 操纵; 指挥; 管理” 13. D。bring about表示“带来，引起，导致”；bring over表示“把带来；使某人转变”；bring forth表示“产生、提出”；bring back表示“拿回来, 使回忆起来, 使恢复”。 14. C。be similar to sb. 表示“与某人相像”。 15. D。spend表示“花费（时间、金钱、精力等）”，主语是人；take表示“花费（时间、金钱）”，主语是物；cost表示“花费”，主语是物；pay for表示“赔偿， 付款， 报偿”。 16. B。traditionally表示“传统地，惯例地”；originally表示“最初，原本，原先”；occasionally表示“偶尔, 间或”；undoubtedly表示“毫无疑问地; 肯定地”。 17. C。argument表示“争执, 争吵; 辩论”；crisis表示“危机”；impulse表示“冲动”；motion表示“动机, 意向”。 18. A。widen表示“变宽;扩大”；enlarge表示“扩大，扩展，放大”；expand表示“扩大,扩张；展开,膨胀”；extend表示“伸展;扩大;延续”。 19. D。except表示“把.除外;不计”；beside表示“在旁边；靠近”；except for表示“除外，除去；要不是由于”；besides表示“在.之外,除.之外”。 20. C。origin表示“起源;由来;起因”；resource表示“资源”；source表示“根源;来源”；idea表示“主意;打算;计划”。 21. B。employ表示“雇佣，使用，利用”；apply表示“应用”，applyto表示“把应用到”；use表示“使用”；perform表示“表演；履行;执行;完成;做”。 22. B。satisfaction表示“满意,满足; 称心”；disapproval表示“不赞成; 非难; 不喜欢”；leisure表示“空闲, 闲暇, 悠闲, 安逸”；agreement表示“同意，一致，协定”。 23. A。few表示“很少数的; 几乎没有”，修饰可数名词；a few表示“几个; 为数不多的; 有一些”，修饰可数名词；little表示“少, 不多的”，修饰不可数名词；a little表示“少量的(地),稍许的(地)”，修饰不可数名词。 24. A。ambition表示“雄心, 抱负”；application表示“申请，申请书，应用”；function表示“功能；用途”；emotion表示“情感, 情绪, 感情”。 25. C。keep away from表示“使避开；使远离”；keep up with表示“跟上，不落后于”；live with表示“接受；忍受；承认”；live on表示“靠.生活; 以.为食”。 26. C。solve表示“解决”；cause表示“使发生，引起”；encounter表示“遭遇(敌人);遇到(困难,危险等)”；emerge表示“出现”。 27. B。illusion表示“错觉, 幻觉; 假象”；security表示“安全,安全感”；response表示“回应; 反应; 响应”；identification表示“认出;识别;鉴定;确认”。 28. C。make up表示“组成；(为)化妆；补充，补足；和解，重归于好；捏造，临时编造”；take up表示“开始(学习或某种爱好)；从事；提出；接受;占(时间，空间等)；拿起；接纳(乘客等)”；end up表示“到达某种状态、结果；到头来”；come up表示“走近；发芽；提出来； 出现（问题；建议）”。 29. C。behavior表示“行为”；indication表示“征兆; 迹象; 暗示”；evidence表示“根据, 证据, 形迹, 迹象”；incident表示“事件;事变”。 30. A。out of style表示“不再流行的，过时的”；out of order表示“出故障，秩序混乱”。II. Reading comprehension (30%)31. C。根据文章第一段，穴居的古人用火来取暖，晚上用火来照明。他们也用火来驱赶动物如狮子、老虎等，因为它们怕火。32. D。根据文章第二段，人们在火上堆积石块做成炉子；他们在石炉上烤面包、苹果和土豆；根据文章第三段，人们学会在火里烤粘土制陶。33. B。综观全文，学会用火使人们的生活发生了巨大的变化：取暖、照明、制作食物和物品，火使人们的生活更容易。因此可以推断用火是人们生活的一大进步。34. A。根据文章第五段，现在火的用途很多。35. A。文章主要讨论了火的用途，对人们生活的重要性。36. C。根据文章第二段第一句，通常在一个繁忙的城市你很难找到一个可以和你讲话的人。37. D。根据文章第二段提及的第一个建议：买或借一条狗，每天遛狗数次。因为美国人爱狗和猫，通常他们会停下来与遛狗的人讲话。38. A。根据文章第三段，交谈的时候有些禁忌，比如不能询问对方的年龄，不能对身体偏胖的人说他们肥胖等，但可以询问“你好吗？（How are you?）”。39. B。根据文章第三段， “heavy people”指身体肥胖的人。40. D。根据文章第三段最后三句，当与人约见时不要迟到，美国人尊重时间，也希望每个人都能准时。41. D。根据文章第一段，一只蚂蚁扛负的重量相当于自身体重的四百倍。42. B。根据文章第三段，蚂蚁并不吃掉植物，而是把它当作它们地下花园的原材料，叶子被咀嚼成一种丰富的肥料，以增强花园的肥力，用来培养线状菌类，这种菌类才是它们食物的来源。43. A。根据文章第二段，armored parasol ants是在夜间工作的。44. B。见42题。45. C。根据文章第二段, armored parasol ants是昆虫界最娴熟的农夫。 III. Cloze 46. C。on a farm表示“在农场”。47. A。as表示“作为,以.的身份”。句意为：“在儿童时代她过得十分幸福。”48. D。cope with表示“对付; 处理”；handl