全英文心衰PPTPPT课件

Heartfailure WhatIsHeartFailure Lesspumpingpower Slowerflowrateofblood Higherpressureofchamber Theheartcan tprovidebodyenoughblood Causes Coronaryarterydisease Coronaryarterydisease Heartattack Cardio myopathy Over burdened CardiachypertrophyCompliancedecrease Compensa tionreaction Frank Starlingmechanism CompensatorymechanismofNeurohumor Compensationreaction TypesOfHeartFailure Systolicdysfunction Whentheheartmuscledoesn tcontractwithenoughforce thereislessoxygen richbloodthatispumpedthroughoutthebody Diastolicdysfunction Theheartcontractsnormally buttheventricle themainpumpingchamber doesnotrelaxproperly reducingtheamountofbloodthatcanentertheheartandraisingbloodpressureinthelungs AHA ACCGuidelines StageA AthighriskforHFbutwithoutstructuralheartdiseaseorsymptomsofHF StageB StructuralheartdiseasebutwithoutsignsorsymptomsofHF StageC StructuralheartdiseasewithpriororcurrentsymptomsofHF StageD RefractoryHFrequiringspecializedinterven tions StagesofHeartFailure ClassI Nolimitationduringordinaryactivity ClassII Slightlimitationbyshortnessofbreathfatigueduringmoderateexertionorstress ClassIII Symptomswithminimalexertionthatinterferewithnormaldailyactivity ClassIV Inabilitytocarryoutanyphysicalactivity Symptoms Symtoms Congestedlungs Fluidandwaterretention Dizzinessfatigueweakness Rapidorirregularheartbeats Diagnosis Diagnosis Medicalhistory SymptomsPhysicalexams Assistantexamina tion Heartfailure Diabeteskidneydiseaseanginahighbloodpressureheartproblems Smoke Drinkalcoholandhowmuchyoudrink medications Medicalhistory Bloodtests BNP ChestX ray Echocardiogram EF EKG Stresstest Cardiaccatheterization coronaryangiogram CardiacMRI AssistantExaminations BNP BNPisasubstancesecretedfromtheheartinresponsetochangesinpressurethatoccurwhenheartfailuredevelopsandworsens ThelevelofBNPinthebloodincreaseswhenheartfailuresymptomsworsen anddecreaseswhentheheartfailureconditionisstable TheBNPlevelinapersonwithheartfailure evensomeonewhoseconditionisstable ishigherthaninapersonwithnormalheartfunction EF AnormalEFisgenerallybetween55 and75 whichmeansthatoverhalfofthebloodvolumeispumpedoutoftheheartwitheachbeat HeartfailuremayoccurastheresultofalowEF calledsystolicheartfailure orfromanothercause suchasavalvedisorderorfromdiastolicdysfunction PeoplewithdiastolicdysfunctioncanhaveanormalEF Treatment Goodlifestylereasonabledietaryhabit Medications Surgicalprocedures Topreventyourheartfailurefromworsening Commontypesofdrugsusedtotreatheartfailureinclude Angiotensinconvertingenzyme ACE inhibitorsAngiotensinIIreceptorblockers ARBs Beta blockersDigoxinDiureticsBloodvesseldilatorsPotassiumormagnesiumAldactoneInhibitorsCalciumchannelblockersHeartpumpmedication Medication SurgicalProcedures Hearttrans plant Bypasssurgery Heartvalvesurgery Leftventricularassistdevi