take-spend-pay-cost的辨析与练习.doc

辨析：take,spend, cost和pay的用法区别总结：take一般用it作主语，例如：it takes sb. sometime to do sth.spend一般是人作主语，例如：I spend an hour finishing my homework.cost表示某物值什么的（价值或钱），例如：The book cost 200 yuan.pay一般是人作主语，例如：I pay lots of money for books.1.spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：(1)spend time/money on sth. 在上花费时间（金钱）。例如：I spent two hours on this math problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2)spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例如：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(3)spend money for sth. 花钱买 例如：His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。2.cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法如下：(1)sth. costs (sb.) + 金钱，某物花了（某人）多少钱。例如：A new computer costs a lot of money.(2)(doing) sth. costs (sb.) + 时间，某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。例如：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost，并且不能用于被动句。3.take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：(1)It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例如：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用三年时间修完了这条路。(2)doing sth. takes sb. + 时间，做某事花了某人多少时间。例如：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。4.pay的基本用法是：(1)pay (sb.) money for sth.付钱（给某人）买例如：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英镑的房租。(2)pay for sth. 付的钱 例如：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱 例如：Dont worry! Ill pay for you. 别担心，我会给你付钱的。(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人 例如：They pay us every month. 他们每月给我们报酬。(5)pay money back 还钱 例如：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? Ill pay it back next week.(6)pay off ones money 还清钱。 pay v. 付款；偿还We paid 35poundsfor each ticket. 我们每张票付了35英镑。同根词：pay n. 工资；薪水；报答They complained about their pay and conditions. 他们抱怨他们的薪水和工作条件。搭配：pay off 偿清（债务）；支付（债务）的全部数额pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 去参观，拜访 pay for 为付款练习：一、用几种不同的表达方式翻译：这件外套花费了我100元。1._ 2._ 3._4._二、单项选择：1. I have to them 20 pounds for this room each month.A. pay B. paid C. cost D. took2. They spend too much time the reportA. writing B. to write C. on writing D. write3. -What beautiful shoes youre wearing! They must be expensive .-No，they only l0 yuanAspent Btook Cpaid Dcost4. -Will you please for my dinner, Peter? -Sure!A. spend B. pay C. cost D.take5.It will me too much time to read this book.A. take B. cost C. spend D.pay6. Thissciencebook_meagreatamountofmoney. A.tookB.costC.usedD.spent7.MayIborrow12yuanfromyou?Ill itbacknextweek.A. take B. cost C. pay D .spend8. I twohoursonthismathsproblem yesterday. A. take B. cost C. pay D .spent9. Repairingthiscar himthewholeafternoon.A. took B. cost C. pay D .spent10. -How do you come to school? -By bike. Taking a bus may _ much money. And walking _ too much time.A. take; pays B. cost; takes C. pay; costs D. pay; takes11. She usually _ much time shopping in the supermarkets. A spends B costs C takes D pays 12. American students spend _ time _ homework than Chinese students. A. fewer, doing B. less, to do C. less, doing D. least, doing13. This kind of computer _ too much. I cant afford one. A.takes B. spends C. pays D. costs14. It will _ us several years to learn a foreign language well. (09无锡) A. cost B. take C. spend D. use15. Since June 1st, 2008, when we want plastic bags in the supermarket, we have to _(付款) them. (09连云港)16. He likes English. He spends lots of time _(read) it every day. (09宿迁)17. Im interested in animals,so I_every saturday working in an animal hospital A. Pay B. cost C. take D. spend 18. -Do you often get online? -Yes, I _ lots of time on it. Its a good way to kill time. A. cost B. spend C.take D. pay 19. -l think traveling around the city by taxi is very convenient-Yes, but it_ too muchA. pays B. costs C. spends D. takes三 完成句子1.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。（cost）2.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。（take）3.我每个月要付20美元的房租。（pay）4.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。（cost）5.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。（spend）6.昨天他花了10分钟乘公共汽车去动物园。(09淮安) It _ yesterday.四、根据句子意思和时态，用spend, take, cost和pay 的正确形式来填空，请注意考虑时态的变化。1. I _ two hours on this math problem. 2. The car _ him around ten thousand US dollars. 3. His money _ _ for books. 4. It _ them three years to build this road. 5. Dont worry! Ill _ for you. 6. The error _ the company one million pounds. 7. They _ us every month.8. They _two years (in) building this bridge. 9. I have to_ them 20 pounds for this room each month. 10. A new computer _ a lot of money. 11. I have to _ for the lost book. 12. May I borrow 12 Yuan from you? Ill _ it back next week. 13. Homework_ me half an hour every day. 14. It _me $20 to take the train. 15. It _me half an hour to find the boy. 16. I _$20 for her book. 17. I _$20 on the book. 18. It _me half an hour to climb up the mountain. 19. I _half an hour climbing up the mountain. 20. How much did you _for the ticket? 21. How much does it _to buy the book? 22. How long do you _speaking English every day? 23. How much did you _on the pants?答 案：一、1.I spend 100 yuan on this coat.=I spend 100 yuan to buy this coat.2.The coat cost me 100 yuan.=It cost me 100 yuan to buy this coat.3.I paid 100 yuan for this coat.4.It takes me 100 yuan to buy this coat.二、1-5 AADBA 6-10BCDAB 11-14 ACDB 15. pay for 16. reading 17-19DBB三、1. Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.2. Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.3. Ihavetopaythem20dollars forthisroomeachmonth.4. Rememberingthesenewwordscosthimalotoftime.5. Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.6. It took hi