Lesson 5 The facts 确切数字 08.29.doc

Lesson 5 The facts 确切数字Listen to the tape then answer the question below.听录音，然后回答以下问题。What was the consequence of the editors insistence on facts and statistics? Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their reader with unimportant facts and statistics. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the presidents palace in a new African republic. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refuse to publish it. The article began: Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the presidents palace. The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall. The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but the took a long time to send them Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press. He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply. He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written. A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well. However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that the he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the presidents palace.New words and expressions 生词和短语 editorn. 编辑 extremen. 极端 statisticsn. 统计数字 journalistn. 新闻记者 presidentn. 总统 palacen. 王宫；宏伟的住宅 publishv. 出版 faxn. 传真 impatientadj. 不耐烦的 firev. 解雇 originallyadv. 起初，原先，从前参考译文 报刊杂志的编辑常常为了向读者提供成立一些关紧要的事实和统计数字而走向极端。去年，一位记者受一家有名的杂志的委托写一篇关于非洲某个新成立共和国总统府的文章。稿子寄来后，编辑看第一句话就拒绝予以发表。文章的开头是这样的：“几百级台阶通向环绕总统的高墙。”编辑立即给那位记者发去传真，要求他核实一下台阶的确切数字和围墙的高度。 记者立即出发去核实这些重要的事实，但过了好长时间不见他把数字寄来，在此期间，编辑等得不耐烦了，因为杂志马上要付印。他给记者先后发去两份传真，但对方毫无反应。于是他又发了一份传真，通知那位记者说，若再不迅速答复，将被解雇。但记者还是没有回复。编辑无奈，勉强按原样发稿了。一周之后，编辑终于接到记者的传真。那个可怜的记者不仅被捕了，而且还被送进了监狱。不过，他终于获准发回了一份传真。在传真中他告诉编辑，就在他数通向15英尺高的总统府围墙的1，084级台阶时，被抓了起来。New words and expression 生词和短语Editor n.编辑 Edit vt.编辑 - edit magazine, edit newspaperEdition n.编辑Editorial adj.编辑的, 主编的 n.社论, 评论extreme n.极端gotoextreme(s)todo 做某事走极端- Hewenttoextremetosaythattheplaywasthebestone.- Hewenttoextremestosaythathisgirlfriendwasthemostbeautifulintheworld.gofromoneextremetotheother 从一个极端走向另一个极端statistics n.统计数字journalist n.新闻记者reporter n.(电视台)记者correspondent n.(电台)记者, 通讯员president n.总统palace n.王宫；宏伟的住宅publish v.出版 = print(vt.), gotopress(vi.)- Thebookhasalreadybeenpublished. = Thebookhasalreadybeenprinted.- Thebookhasgonetopress.- Theyhavealreadypublishedthemagazine.Fax n.传真 （- sendafax）impatient adj.不耐烦的patience（n.耐性） patient（adj.有耐心的） patiently（adv.有耐心地）impatience（n.不耐烦） impatient（adj.不耐烦的） impatiently（adv.不耐烦地）fire v.解雇（口语）- Hewasfiredfromhisjobdismiss vt.解雇（正式）- Themanagedismissedhimfromhiscompany.Sack vt.解雇, 辞退（俚语, 口语）- Ifyoudoitwrongagainyouwillbesacked.Originally adv.起初，原先，从前 / original adj.最初的, 原始的Text 课文Whatwastheconsequenceoftheeditorsinsistenceonfactsandstatistics?Consequence n.结果Insistence n.坚持, 坚决主张Editorsofnewspapersandmagazinesoftengotoextremestoprovidetheirreaderwithunimportantfactsandstatistics.gotoextremes 走极端provide = supply 给.提供（通常与介词搭配连用）providesb withsth / providesthforsb- Heprovidedthemwithabedforthenight.= HeprovidedabedforthemforthenightLastyearajournalisthadbeeninstructedbyawell-knownmagazinetowriteanarticleonthepresidentspalaceinanewAfricanrepublic.本句= Awell-knownmagazineinstructedajournalisttowriteanarticleonthepresidentspalaceina newAfricanrepublic.African n.非洲人 adj.非洲的Republic n.共和国, 共和政体Instruct vt.教, 教导, 命令, 指示, 通知instructsb todosth.= tellsbformallytodosth 正式告诉某人做某事- Theteacherinstructedhimtotaketheexamination.On = about 侧重强调课题专一- abookonradioWhenthearticlearrived,theeditorreadthefirstsentenceandthenrefusetopublishit.Whenthearticlearrived = Whentheeditorreceivedthearticlerefuse vt.拒绝（态度严厉）- I invited him to dinner, but he refused me.decline vt.婉言谢绝repudiate vt.断然拒绝Thearticlebegan:Hundredsofstepsleadtothehighwallwhichsurroundsthepresidentspalace.which指代thehighwallTheeditoratoncesentthejournalistafaxinstructinghimfindouttheexactnumberofstepsandtheheightofthewall.Instructing(现在分词)进一步补充说明fax的情况- he send me a letter instructing me to come back immediatelyThejournalistimmediatelysetouttoobtaintheseimportantfacts,buthetookalongtimetosendthem.setouttodo=decideandtrytodo 决定, 打算, 着手做.= setaboutdoing 决定, 打算, 着手做.- Hesetouttomakehisfirst1,000,000in5years.takesb alongtimetodosth 某事花了某人很久的时间- Ittookmefivedaystowritethearticle.Meanwhile,theeditorwasgettingimpatient,forthemagazinewouldsoongoto press.Hesentthejournalisttwomorefaxes,butreceivednoreply.twomorefaxes = anothertwofaxesHesentyetanotherfaxinformingthejournalistthatifhedidnotreplysoonhewouldbefired.Whenthejournalistagainfailedtoreply,theeditorreluctantlypublishedthearticleasithadoriginallybeenwritten.reluctantly = unwilling 勉勉强强地, 不情愿地asitbadoriginallybeenwritten = initsoriginalwayAweeklater,theeditoratlastreceivedafaxfromthejournalist.Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenarrested,buthehadbeensenttoprisonaswell.Notonly位于句首, 必须采用倒装形式。本句 = Thepoormanhadnotonlybeenarrested, buthadbeensenttoprisonaswell.倒装：（部分倒装）1否定副词位于句首, 要倒装。never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, nowhere, nosoonerscarcely adv.几乎不, 简直没有nowhere adv.无处, 到处都无- NeverhaveIreadsuchstories. 我从来也没读过这样的小说。- Nowherecanhefindthebookhewants. 无论在哪他也找不到他要的书。- HardlydidIthinkitpossible. 我并不认为这是可能的。2含有only的状语位于句首, 句子要倒装。- Onlythendidherealizethathehadmadeamistake.- Onlywhenagreatdealmoreinformationhasbeenobtainedwillitbepossibletoplanatrip.3含有not的副词短语位于句首, 句子要倒装。not for a second 决不, 毫不 / not in the least 绝不, 一点也不 notforaninstant, notuntil- NotintheleastisheinterestedinEnglishliterature. 他对英国文学一点都不感兴趣。- NotforaninstantdidIbelievehehadlied. 我根本不认为他说了慌。4含有no的短语位于句首, 句子要倒装。atontime, innoway, innosense, bynomeans, innocase, onnoaccount, onnocondition, undernocircumstances （都表示绝不）circumstance n.环境, 详情, 境况- Undernocircumstancescanweacceptthecheck. 我们无论如何也不能接受这笔钱。- Onnoaccountmustyouleavethebabyinthehouse. 你无论如何也不能把留在房间里。5 sosuch位于句首, 句子要倒装。However,hehadatlastbeenallowedtosendafaxinwhichheinformedtheeditorthatthehehadbeenarrestedwhilecountingthe1,084stepsleadingtothefifteen-footwallwhichsurroundedthepresidentspalace.hehadatlastbeenallowed = hehadatlastbeenpermitted = hehadaskedforpermission请求被允许做某事：beallowedtodo, bepermittedtodo, askedforpermissiontodosthpermit v.许可,允许,准许 permission n.许可, 允许inwhich- which指代faxwhile和现在分词搭配, 做时间状语, 表示“正在做某事的过程中”。- 可以用while引导的时间状语从句去替换。- While counting = whilehewascounting现在分词做定语：- thestepsleadingtothepresidentspalace 通向王宫的台阶。- theroadleadingtotheforest 通向森林的路。fifteen-foot做前置定语, 这里的名词必须上单数形式。which引导的定语从句修饰wall, which指代wall。- wall which surrounded （= wall surrounding）n 为了避免和前面的现在分词句式结构(leading)相同所以没有用surrounding.Special difficulties 难点here倒装的用法1.Notonlyhashemadethismistakebeforebuthewillmakeit