Book5unit1Grammar.doc

2014-2015学年度高二上学期Book5 Unit1Unit 1 Great scientistsPeriod3 Grammar (the past participle as attribute and predicative) (课时：2 总第 课时 课型：新授 时间： ）Learning aims : 1. To learn to use useful words and expressions 2. To learn to use the grammar of past participle. 3. To understand the past participle used as attribute and predicative. Learning important&difficult points: 1.To learn the usage of the past participle used as attribute and predicative. 2.To use the useful structures. Learning ProceduresStep1. Revision ( V-ing form)一、动词-ing形式作表语 1 表示主语的内容 ,可以转换到句首作主语 Her job is keeping the classroom as clean as possible. (= Keeping the classroom as clean as possible is her job) 2 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词） The story is quite interesting. This book is very boring. 常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, boring, confusing, disappointing, encouraging, exciting, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。二、 动词-ing形式作定语 1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。 说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。 a reading room= a room for reading 在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常 性动作或当时的状态。 an ordinary-looking house 看起来很普通的房子 = a house that looks ordinary a sleeping boy 正在睡觉的男孩 = a boy who is sleeping 2. 作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定 语，相当于一个定语从句。 Do you know the boy playing basketball?（=who is playing basketball) 你认识在打篮球的那个小男孩吗？Step2.Learning about the making and uses of past participle过去分词用法(一)：作定语和表语分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，主要起形容词和副词的作用，可以作定语、表语、状语等。分词有两种，一种是现在分词，一种是过去分词。这两种分词在句子中担当的成分大体相同，主要是在“意思”上有主动和被动之分。过去分词一般有被动和完成两大含义。过去分词作定语1单个的过去分词作定语一般放在所修饰的名词之前；过去分词短语作定语一般要后置。two married womena found umbrellaa used stampfallen leavesa novel written by Jimthe letter sent to our boss2过去分词具有被动或完成的含义。Whats the language spoken in Germany?They decided to rebuild the damaged bridge.3过去分词作定语常可扩展为一个定语从句。He is fond of the food cooked (=which had been cooked) by your mother.The report is the best of its kind ever written (=that has ever been written).4有时通过一个形容词或数词加另一名词的ed形式构成复合形容词。a three-legged desk a one-eyed dogan honest-faced man a warm-hearted lady惊恐的人们_ 被污染的水_ 拥挤的教室_ 打碎的花瓶_ 关了的门_ 疲惫的观众_The ground is covered by_(fall) leaves.She is drinking_(boil) water.2. 过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。用作表语的过去分词大多来自及物动词；不及物动词的过去分词能作表语的只限于少数表示位置转移的动词，如go, come等，它们用在连系动词之后，表示完成意义，无被动意义。例如：The man looked quite disappointed.He is greatly discouraged by her refusal.His hair is nearly all gone.已经形容词化了的过去分词大多可作表语，常见的有accomplished, amazed, amused, astonished, broken, closed, completed, complicated, confused, crowded, devoted, disappointed, discouraged, drunk, excited, frightened, hurt, interested, lost, satisfied, surprised, worried等。一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.The autumn wind sent the _ (fall) leaves on the ground flying here and there.2 .On our camping trip we were almost frozen by the_ (unexpect) cold wind.3.Can those _ (seat) at the back of the classroom hear me?4 .We were _ (inspire) to have seen the _（inspire) leader.5.All of us were _ (puzzle) by the _ (puzzle)question _ (raise) by a little girl.6.There was an _ (excite) look on his face when the actress appeared.7Dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ (know) only to people with specific knowledge.二：选择题1. look! A _ woman was coming. A. beautiful dressed B. dressed beautiful C. beautifully dressed D. dressed beautifully2. Mr smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. A.tired; boring B.tiring; bored C.tired; bored D.tiring; boring3.After the fight, a caretaker found that a young man _ so he telephoned for an ambulance immediately. A.seriously injured B.was injured seriously C.was serious injured D.was seriously injured4. It is believed that if a book is_, it will surely _ the reader. A.interested; interest B.interesting; be interested C.interested; be interesting D.interesting; interest5. If the building project _ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined. A.is completed B.to be completed C.being completed D.completed三、完成句子1 .The problem _ ( 正在被讨论的) at the meeting now is serious to us.2.In order to learn English well, you should improve your_ (口头和书面英语)3.Dont worry.Its quite safe skating on the _