高考英语作文素材之概要写作技巧.docx

概要写作技巧：高级表达a prevailing trend_, to begin with_, is attributed to_, indicate_, nevertheless_, consequently_, meanwhile_, view as_, appeal to_, cater to_, tend to do_, phenomenon_, despite_, additionally_, moreover_, recommend_, urge_, advocate_, appropriate_, adequate_, essential_, a contributing factor_, beneficial_, enable_,rather than_, put at risk_,result in_, contribute to_,1. Adolescent peer culture is a prevailing trend and American adolescents spend more time with peers than others. To begin with, changes in workplaces enable youngsters to spend less time with their parents. Moreover, less time spent with younger children is attributed to school reforms. Additionally, the increase in adolescent population is another contributing factor. A research indicates adolescents gradual separation from adults starts in their early teens when they tend to escape adult supervision.2. Progress can be beneficial to people only with their acceptance of technology and pursuit of efficiency. Nevertheless, advanced communication devices are viewed as a contributing factor to fewer personal visits. Moreover, these products lack personal touch and uniqueness despite their efficiency. Actually, technological progress enables old products to be restored. Consequently, different applications of technology can be attributed to peoples attitudes.3. Advertising is essential to enterprises, as it is viewed as an instrument to appeal to customers. Advertising tempting customers into buying products tends to promote the sales. To begin with, advertising enables people to make acquaintance with the commodities. Moreover, people now make decisions more rationally by contrast, which can also be attributed to the use of advertising. 4. Absent-mindedness is attributed to distracting your attention from something. If you cant encode information in an appropriate way, your memory system tends to miss the information needed, which results in absent-mindedness. Moreover, lack of interest is also a contributing factor. Nevertheless, to avoid this phenomenon, you are recommended to offer clear and noticeable reminders, or return to where you start.5. A new research indicates that students pressure is associated with teacher exhaustion. Some students find their needs are not catered to in class and feel worn out, which is attributed to the teachers poor management. Meanwhile, challenges from students are a contributing factor for the teachers stress. Consequently, its recommended that teachers should be provided with appropriate resources and support, or students tend to be ruined. 6. Psychological researchers are urged to follow rules, so that animals sufferings are lessened in experiments. The reason why psychological research employs animals is that it enables psychologists to make acquaintance with human behavior more effectively, simply and practically. Moreover, they provide the information that are beneficial for humans. Nevertheless, the use of animals in these experiments has resulted in much controversy among the public.7. Many Chinese students tend to speak poor English after ten years learning，which is attributed to their fear and way of learning.（要点1）Consequently, we are recommended to learn to speak English by listening and repeating, as a child does.（要点2）Moreover, teachers are supposed to motivate and give credit to youngsters rather than criticize them.（要点3）Lastly, a good self-esteem is viewed as a beneficial way for learning English.（要点4）8. Studies have indicated that screen time tend to be beneficial to kids under certain circumstances. To begin with, video chatting with grandparents enables them to strengthen family bonds. Viewing educational kid shows with parents is another contributing factor in that it enhances childrens emotional development. Consequently, kids are entertained and parents can liberate themselves for a while.9. The majority of people view daydreaming as a waste of time and energy. Nevertheless, medical studies indicate that daydreaming is of great benefit. To begin with, daydreaming can improve your mood to get you energetic. In the meanwhile, it helps sharpen your memory and develop your attentiveness. Last but not least, daydreaming enables you to have a better understanding of yourself.10. Many people prefer light skin to dark skin, believing that it helps improve their life and caters to the social standard of beauty.(要点1)Therefore, it is common to try skin-lightening products.(要点2) However, bleaching containing chemicals has long- lasting harmful effects on physical conditions and emotions. Whats worse, it may fail to achieve expected results. (要点3) Thus, doctors recommend people not to put their health at risk, but love and accept their natural colors. (要点4)重要词句转换 (备考英语高考)提出问题: (现象，变化，影响，作用, 例举)1. More and more (an increasing number of) experts argue (believe) that colors influence (affect) our mood, career and health.2. What attracts customers? Obviously the logo contributes a great deal. (The logo plays an important role in / has a positive effect on attracting customers.)3. The first metal detectors were meant to help miners. They cost a lot of money. And worst of all, they didnt function properly. ( Metal detectors were first used to help miners, but they cost much, and didnt work well. )4. They are in airports. They are in courthouses. Some schools use them. (Many detectors are being used in many places such as schools, courthouses, and airports. )5. The distance at which people stand when they speak tends to be smaller in China, while in Nordic cultures people usually stand further apart. ( For example, not all people stand at the same distance when speaking to others. )分析问题 （原因，结果）1. Their calls have become ten times louder, as the seas have become noisier than before. (Whales learn to shout as a result of increased noises in the ocean. )2. As robots start doing more and more work we used to do, and doing it much more efficiently, what if the need for jobs disappears altogether? What if the robots end up. ( People worry about the problems caused by robots high efficiency and so on. )3. Psychologists suggest there are several reasons for a shopping addiction. For some people, . For others,. (There are different reasons why people become shopaholics, such as reducing stress, fighting loneliness and so on.)4. Some studies show that patients suffering from depression were helped by simply taking a shower. ( Taking cold showers lead to less stress. )5. Smoking is said to lead to more heart disease-related deaths. (Besides, smoking is more likely to cause heart disease- related deaths. )解决问题 (目的，提倡，避免，想法）1. What you should be looking for is flat ground. + If its possible, you are supposed to pitch camp in a shady place. (It is important/necessary to find flat ground with shade. )2. Do not pitch your tent too close to dead trees, because of the danger of fallen branches. (However, it is not a goodidea (not advisable) to place your tent next to dead trees, as you may be in danger of fallen branches.)3. It is vital to have a strong image, which is immediately recognizable. We should renew logos constantly. (To be better recognized, logos should be renewed timely. 不定式和被动结构！)4. By getting rid of the need for people to work, robots would free us up to think more about what really makes us human. (Furthermore, as robots save us a lot of labor, we humans should focus on thinking about the value of humans. 增加因果关系)5. In fact, its a relationship without any responsibility. Wesch believes that its vital for people to use digital media in positive new ways. (Although Wesch points out that this relationship involves no real responsibility, he still insists that it is important for people to apply the digital media positively. 增加转折关系)概要写作常用词语：1.现象：more and more (an increasing number of) people , some argue (believe) that, there exist, phenomenon (issue, appearance) , occur (happen), be set up (be established, be founded), consist of2.影响：plays an important role in , has a positive effect on, do much good to, do harm/damage to (harmful effects), at risk( in danger of) , influence, have trouble (difficulty) 3.变化：start, change, grow (become), vary, different, improve4.作用：be meant (used, intended) to, function (work) well, is applied (application) 5.例举：for example, such as, and so on, some,.some.分析问题:1.原因: as, because of (due to ), the problems are caused by, reasons why, account for, result from, be connected (associated) with2.结果: as a result, lead to (result in, contribute to) , is likely to cause, consequence解决问题:1.提倡: make some suggestions, should( are supposed to) , it is vital / important/ necessary to, control, focus on, call on the public to., advocate doing, deal with2.避免: it is not a good idea (not advisable) to, pay much attention to, should be banned3.目的: to be better recognized, to draw ones attention, to reduce the problems caused by, to produce more goods4.想法: believe that , points out that, involves , still insists that, be aware of the importance 概要写作常用词语及教师十篇范文提出问题1. 现象：more and more (an increasing number of) people , some argue (believe) that, there exist, phenomenon (issue, appearance) , occur (happen), be set up (be established, be founded), consist of2. 影响：plays an important role in , has a positive effect on, do much good to, do harm/damage to (harmful effects), at risk( in danger of) , influence, have trouble (difficulty) doing3. 变化：start, set up, develop, change, grow (become), vary, different, substitute.for, improve4. 作用：be meant (used, intended) to, function (work) well, is applied (application) 5. 例举：for example, such as, and so on, some,.some.分析问题:1. 原因: as, because of (due to ), the problems are caused by, reasons why, account for, result from, be connected (associated) with2. 结果: as a result, lead to (result in, contribute to) , is likely to cause, therefore, consequence解决问题:1. 提倡: make some suggestions, should( are supposed to) , it is vital / important/ necessary to, control, focus on, call on the public to., advocate doing, deal with2. 避免: Do not , However, it is not a good idea (not advisable) to, pay much attention to, should be banned3. 目的: to be better recognized, to draw ones attention, to reduce the problems caused by, to produce more goods4. 想法: believe that , points out that, involves , still insists that, be aware of the importance 教师范文：1. Rivalry plays an important part in (影响) sports. Some (举例) rivalries grow between competitors who (定语从句结构)often meet on the field. Some(举例)can be caused by(原因) personal reasons(原因), such as (举例)misunderstanding or dislikes between rivals. Besides(连接词), the chance for rivalries to grow varies (变化)among different(变化) sports. Some experts believe that(现象)rivalries can be harmful to (影响) athletes. Therefore(连接词), top athletes are supposed to be trained(提倡) physically and mentally to resist them(目的). 2. The specialization (抽象名词结构) of labor accounts for(原因) the appearance (现象) of advertising. To draw customers attention(目的), the ancient shopkeepers would set up (现象)signs with their (指称代词) products carved (被动结构) on them(指称代词). Its believed that(想法) there were(现象) two forms of advertising. Apart from(连接词) those(指称代词) signs with symbols, another medium involved(想法) sound to attract the customers(目的), such as(举例) a bell or a crier, who functioned(作用) like todays TV or commercials.3. I have become advanced (变化) over time. At first (连接词), I was intended to simplify difficult sums. Then(连接词) my artificial intelligence was developed(变化), and I became(变化) a universal machine. These changes(变化) result from(原因) the improvements (变化)of my memory. Nevertheless(连接词), I didnt have any interactive function (作用)until the apperance of (现象)the network, where (定语从句结构)knowledge was shared(被动结构). The applications (作用)of mine are also discovered (被动结构)in time, such as(举例) communication, finance and medicine, enriching(伴随状语结构) human life. (课文概要，字数略超要求)4. Last month, a murder which(定语从句结构) could have been prevented occurred(现象), because of (原因)everyones concentration (抽象名词结构) on their(指称代词) cellphones. Nowadays, this phenomenon(现象), called “Phubbing” involves (想法)an increasing number of (现象)people. Realizing (伴随状语结构) its harmful effect (影响), some (举例)sites have been set up(现象)to call on(提倡) the public to enjoy their food and interpersonal relationship. In a word(连接词), we are supposed to be aware of (想法)the importance of experiencing the real life.5. People have built dams on rivers to control(避免) water for thousands of years. Water collected (被动结构)from the dams can be used in many ways(作用), and it does a lot of good to (影响) humans. However(连接词), the dams also cause many problems(结果), both to the environment and humans. To reduce problems caused by(目的) the dams, the World Commission on dams is founded(现象) to make useful suggestions(提倡).6. The cell phone does much harm to(影响)the security of transport these days. First(连接词), you pay too much attention to(避免) cell phones while driving(伴随状语结构), which (定语从句现象) put others life in danger(影响). Secondly(连接词), you react more slowly to objects on the road. Moreover(连接词), youll have trouble stopping(影响) your car in time when you want to answer the phone. Finally(连接词), you may be at risk(影响), if you are going to make a call. All in all(连接词), cell phones should be banned(避免) from driving.7. An increasing number of people (现象)dream of becoming(变化) wealthy as a famous musician. The common way of setting up(现象) a band always starts as (变化)a group of high-school students, which (定语从句现象)gradually develops(变化) from private places to the public. However(连接词), the Monkeys was different(变化). It consisted of (现象)one musician and three other actors, and began (变化) a TV show, where (定语从句现象)they(指称代词) played tricks on each other to draw the attention of (目的)the audience. As a result(结果), they became(变化)popular and soon started to(变化) play their own music as a real