ing 形式作定语.doc

-ing 形式作定语, 宾语补足语和表语的用法 李笑寒学习材料一、v-ing形式作定语 1. 单个v-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能。如： building materials = materials for building 建筑材料drinking water = water for drinking 饮用水a walking stick = a stick for walking 手杖a reading room= a room for reading 阅览室a writing desk = a desk for writing 写字台2. 说明名词的动作，特征或性质，v-ing 与名词之间是逻辑上的主动关系，可转化为定语从句。a sleeping boy = a boy who is sleepinga drinking horse= a horse which is drinkinga dancing girl= a girl who is dancingThe man standing there is Peters father. = The man who is standing there is Peters father. They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 3.v-ing形式作定语，看作是形容词，常翻译为“令人的”。 a boring speech = a speech that is boring a surprising result = a result that is surprising 一个惊人的结果4. v-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如： His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. 他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. = The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. 那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。二、v-ing形式作宾语补足语 1. v-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，对宾语进行解释说明，与宾语是逻辑上的主动关系： When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站在大门口。We found the snake eating the eggs. 我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。 I found a bag lying on the ground. 我发现地板上放着一个包。2. 能用v-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词: 1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。如： We heard a girl singing in the next room. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder. Can you smell anything burning? As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously. Listen to the birds singing. I didnt notice him waiting. 2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如：I wont have you doing that. This set me thinking.Im sorry to have kept you waiting. I cant get the clock going again.You wont catch me doing that again.你看吧，我决不会做那种事了。 3. see, hear, feel, watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词原型作宾语补足语的区别： 前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。如: We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher making the experiment. 我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。 （只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师 正在做实验）We sat there and watched the teacher make the experiment. 我们坐在那看老师做实验。 （一直在看老师作实验） 如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词不定式短语表示一次动作， 而-ing形式则表示反复动作。如： We heard the door slam. We heard the door slamming. 三、v-ing形式作表语 v-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。如： Her hobby is painting. 她的业余爱好是画画。 My job is looking after the children. 我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。His concern for his mother is most touching. 他对母亲的关爱很感人。Explain the following phrases in simple English.a sleeping baga sleeping boy a drinking cup a drinking horse a dancing halla dancing girl a cooking pot a moving storyChoose the suitable words from the box below and fill in the blanks in the correct form. astonish, depress， play, do, ride, amuse, bark, welcome1. I cant imagine Billy _ a motorbike. 2. Did you hear the dog downstairs _?3. Frank is very good at telling funny jokes. He can be very _. 4. You cant stop me _ what I want. 5. He gave me a _ hug when he met me at the airport. 6. Jim has really learnt very fast. She has made _ progress.7. Its been raining all day. This weather is _.8. When I came out of the theatre, I noticed a group of children _ musical instruments across the street. Please read the sentences carefully, trying to pick out the errors and then correct them.1. I am looking forward to visit Charlie Chaplin Museum in Switzerland next week. 2. Many people still enjoy seeing Charlie Chaplins silent films. 3. Charlies nonverbal humor often makes people bursting into laughter. 4. We are all fond of Charlies early films, which we think are more interested. 5. I missed to see the beginning of the film City Lights the other day. 6. I wouldnt mind to see The Gold Rush again with you tonight. 7. Charlies job was entertain people, wasnt he? 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. (北京春)A. putB. to be puttingC. to put D. putting2. The manager, _ it clear to us that he didnt agree with us, left the meeting room. (江西)A. who has madeB. having madeC. made D. making3. Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down.(福建)A. filled B. fillingC. to fill D. being filled4. Peter received a letter just now _ his grandma would come to see him soon. (四川)A. said B. say C. saying D. to say5. I smell something _ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (全国卷 I)A. burning B. burntC. being burnt D. to be burnt 6. It is believed that if a book is _, it will surely _ the reader. (上海)A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interestedC. interested; be interestingD. interesting; interestExercisesPoint out the usage of the ing form. 1. Do you find it funny to see someone sliding on a banana skin, bumping into someone else round a corner, or falling down a hole in the road? sliding, bumping, falling 2. He became famous for using a particular form of acting, including mime and farce. using 作介词for的_ including作_3. But he was lived by all who watched the films for his determination in overcoming difficulties and being kind even when people were unkind to him. ove