宾补语法的讲解及其应用.ppt

UNIT3 BACKTOTHEPAST Grammarandusage 英语的五个基本句型结构 S十V主谓结构Herunsquickly S十V十P主系表结构Thestorysoundsinteresting S十V十O主谓宾结构Theybuiltahouselastyear S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾结构Heofferedmehisseat hisseattome S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构Theyfoundherhappythatday TheycalledhertheLoulanBeauty TheymadeProfessorZhangdirectoroftheinstituteWefoundtheruinsmostinteresting Theybelievedthisdocumenttobetheofficialversion ProfessorZhang sspeechwasfullofhumourandmadeusalllaugh Wefoundourselvesinthemiddleofadesert ShemadeJoehercompanioninRome O十C Itmakesmemorebeautiful Itmakesmeslim 宾语补足语是补充宾语的成分 通常置于宾语之后 宾语和宾语补足语构成复合宾语 能带宾语补足语结构的动词一定是及物动词 宾语补足语 1 TheymadeLiuXiangspokesmanoftheirproduct 2 Ifinditdifficulttoraisethemoney 3 I llaskherouttomorrowevening 4 Throughthewindow Icouldseetheraincomingdowninsheets 5 Reallygoodadvertisingpersuadespeopletobehaveincertainways 6 Sheisgoingtohavethenoveltranslated 7 Hisspeechleftthepresidentinanawkwardsituation n adj adv prep phr ing todo 可以用作宾语补足语的有 名词 形容词 副词 介词短语 动词不定式 v ing形式和过去分词 p p TheEmperorAndHisNewClothes Hehadwardrobesandcupboardsfullofclothes gothisclotheschangedeveryfewhourseveryday TheEmperor gethisclotheschange hadthelightsburningallnightlong Thetwothieves havethelightsburn 1 含使动意义的动词 所接的宾补多为动词原形或过去分词 let have make等 1 IfMrSmithisinthehall willhepleasemakehimself know tome 2 Itmakespeople know theimportanceofprotectingenvironment 3 Themachinedoesn twork Imusthaveit repair rightnow known know repaired TheEmperorexpectedthetwo tailors toinventanewcloth orderedtheparadetobeginafterhewasdressedinhisnewclothes TheEmperor ordertheparadebegin 2 v sb todosth 结构中的动词 所接的宾补一般是不定式 advise allow ask beg cause expect force get help inspire invite order permit persuade request require tell teach train urge want warn wish等1 Ihavetrainedmydog fetch myslippers 2 Theywerewarned notclimb themountaininsuchbadweather tofetch nottoclimb TheysawtheEmperorwalkinginthestreet 3 感官动词 所接的宾补可以是v ing形式 也可以是动词原形 feel hear listento notice observe see watch lookat 1 Isawhim cross theroad 注 Hewasseen cross theroad cross crossing tocross crossing 但当这些词用于被动语态时 不定式要带to wasconsideredafoolwithnoclotheson TheEmperor considertheEmperorafool 4 含命名意义的动词 所接的宾补一般是名词 call name appoint elect make considerCallmeJoe please Shewaselectedpresidentofthecompany 注意和双宾语区别 Theyhavemademechairman Theyhavemademeanicechair 宾补 直接宾语 考点分析 ZhangYuchen monitorofClassTwoinourmiddleschool willbe universitystudentthisyear A anB the aC aD a an In1399 Henry became 英国国王 TheymadeProfessorZhangchairmanofthesociety A 当表职位的名词做宾语补足语时 名词前不加冠词 KingofEngland 当表职位的名词做宾语补足语 表语 同位语时 前不加冠词 5 With的复合结构 Withababyinherarms thewomancamein Helayinbedwithhereyesopen Hewentoutwiththelighton Withalotofhomeworktodo Ihavetostayathome Withhimleadingtheway wefoundthewayeasily find keep等几个词的用法非常灵活 后面所接的宾补可以是形容词 副词 词组 现在分词 过去分词等 Wefounditverydifficulttosolvetheproblem Howcanyoukeepthemwaitingforsolong SuddenlyIfoundmywalletstolen Keepthebooksontheshelf 1 Isawhim enter theroom take somethingand go out 2 Pleasehavetheseboxes carry tothestationrightnow enter take go carried Fillineachblankwiththeproperverbforms 3 Idon twantthatkindofthing keep happening 4 Heaskedfortheletter send atonce tokeep tobesent 1 当你刷牙的时候 不要让水一直流着 whileyoubrushyourteeth 2 我听说你这次被选为班长了 Iheardthat thistime 3 有段时间他的祖母觉得很难接受他的新想法 Foratimehisgrandmotherfound hisnewidea 4 演讲者提高了声音 但还是无法让人听见 Thespeakerraisedhisvoice butstill 5 不要指望一个星期就能学会一门外语 Youcan texpect Don tleavethewaterrunning ithardtoaccept couldn tmakehimselfheard youwereelectedmonitor tolearnaforeignlanguageinaweek Translation 在复合宾语中 宾语通常为名词或代词 但有时也可以用不定式 短语 或that从句来充当 这时 应使用先行it代替宾语 而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部 IfeltitnecessarytospeakaboutourshortcomingsWeallthoughtitapitythatyoucouldn tjoinus 注意 在这种结构中 宾语补足语通常为名词或形容词 常用于这种结构的动词有 feel find think make take consider等 Doyouconsideritanygoodtryingagain WhatdoyouthinkaboutHarryPotter Ifindit Morepracticewithanobjectcompliment veryinteresting aninterestingbook Homework1 ReviewtheObjectandtheObjectComplementonP48 2 Finishtheexerciseonpage108C1 1 Thenextmorningshefoundtheman inbed dead A lyingB lieC layD laying简析 首先 根据语法分析可知 待选部分在句中应作宾补 补充说明宾语theman 再根据宾语theman对于动词lie来说应是主动关系 而且 lie这个动作与谓语动词found同时进行 因此 该题应选A 2 Goodmorning CanIhelpyou I dliketohavethepackage madam A beweighedB tobeweighedC toweighD weighed简析 首先 根据语法分析可知 待选部分在句中应作宾补 补充说明宾语thepackage 再根据thepackage对于动词weigh来说 只能是被动关系 因此 该题应选D 3 IcanhardlyimaginePeter acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays A sailB sailingC tosailD tohavesailed简析 该题应选B 测试动词imagine后要求跟动名词 Peter是动名词的逻辑主语 4 Ifyouwaveyourbookinfrontofyourface youcanfeeltheair againstyourface A movedB movingC movesD tomove简析 该题应选B 测试使役动词后用现在分词作宾补表示宾语正发出的动作 Themissingboywaslastseen neartheriver playingB tobeplayingC playD toplayIfeel unwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants thatB howC itD whatItiswisetohavesomemoney foeoldage putawayB keptupC givenawayD laidupHefoundthestreetmuch crowdB crowdingC crowdedD crowdly Ithink necessarytolearnEnglishwell itsB itC thatD thatisYoucan thavethehorse alltheway It stoohot runB torunC runningD toberunningWhenIcameback Ifoundthehouse andeverything wasbroken tookawayB brokeninto takenawayC hadbeenbroken takenD breakinto takeaway Iheardthatyouwereelected thistime monitorB themonitorC amonitorD mymonitorThehousethey inthefloodsmustberebuiltbeforewintercomes A hadwashedawayB