广西大学专业英语试卷.doc

班级：考位号：装订线（答题不得超过此线）学号：姓名：年 月 日 考试用广西大学课程考试试卷 （ 2010 2011 学年度第 二 学期）课程名称：专业英语 试卷类型：（A、B）A 命题教师签名： 教研室主任签名： 主管院长签名：题 号一二三四五六七八九十总分应得分305020100实得分评卷人一、 翻译。（每个2分，共30分）1. device2. integrated3. component4. transistor5. semiconductor6. IC7. LSI8. memory9. 寄存器10. 缓存11. 缓冲器12. 锁存器13. 执行器14. 振荡器15. 传输函数7考试过程中不得将试卷拆开 第 页（共 7 页）广西大学课程考试试卷二、阅读（50分） Flash memory works much faster than traditional EEPROMs because instead of erasing one byte at a time, it erases a block or the entire chip, and then rewrites it. You may think that your car radio has Flash memory, since you are able to program the presets and the radio remembers them. But it is actually using Flash RAM. The difference is that Flash RAM has to have some power to maintain its contents, while Flash memory will maintain its data without any external source of power. Even though you have turned the power off, the car radio is pulling a tiny amount of current to preserve the data in the Flash RAM. That is why the radio will lose its presets if your car battery dies or the wires are disconnected. Although standards are flourishing, there are many Flash-memory products that are completely proprietary in nature, such as the memory cards in video game systems. But it is good to know that as electronic components become increasingly interchangeable and learn to communicate with each other (by way of technologies such as Bluetooth), standardized removable memory will allow you to keep your world close at hand.1. Why Flash memory works faster than EEPROMs? （3分）2. Which one needs external power to maintain its contents: Flash memory or Flash RAM? （2分）3. How does the car radio keep its presets when the power is off? （2分）4. Why did the author say: “standardized removable memory will allow you to keep your world close at hand.” （3分） Silicon microprocessors have been the heart of the computing world for more than 40 years. In that time, microprocessor manufacturers have crammed more and more electronic devices onto microprocessors. In accordance with Moores Law, the number of electronic devices put on a microprocessor has doubled every 18 months. Moores Law is named after Intel founder Gordon Moore, who predicted in 1965 that microprocessors would double in complexity every two years. Many have predicted that Moores Law will soon reach its end because of the physical limitations of silicon microprocessors. The current process used to pack more and more transistors onto a chip is called deep-ultraviolet lithography (DUVL), which is a photography-like technique that focuses light through lenses to carve circuit patterns on silicon wafers. DUVL will begin to reach its limit around 2005. At that time, chipmakers will have to look to other technologies to cram more transistors onto silicon to create more powerful chips. Many are already looking at extreme-ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) as a way to extend the life of silicon at least until the end of the decade. EUVL uses mirrors instead of lenses to focus the light, which allows light with shorter wavelength to accurately focus on the silicon wafer.5. What is the heart of the computing world? （2分）6. What is Gordon Moores prediction? （3分）7. What does DUVL use to carve circuit patterns on silicon wafers? （2分）8. What do EUVL and DUVL use to focus the light? （3分） GPS, which stands for Global Positioning System, is the only system today able to show you your exact position on the Earth anytime, in any weather, anywhere. GPS satellites, 24 in all, orbit 11,000 nautical miles above the Earth. They are continuously monitored by ground stations located worldwide. The satellites transmit signals that can be detected by anyone with a GPS receiver. Using the receiver, you can determine your location with great precision. A few ground-based radio-navigation systems are still in use today. One drawback of using radio waves generated on the ground is that you must choose between a system that is very accurate but doesnt cover a wide area, or one that covers a wide area but is not very accurate. High-frequency radio waves (like UHF TV) can provide accurate position location but can only be picked up in a small, localized area. Lower frequency radio waves (like AM radio) can cover a larger area, but are not a good yardstick to tell you exactly where you are. Scientists, therefore, decided that the only way to provide coverage for the entire world was to place high-frequency radio transmitters in space. A transmitter high above the Earth sending a high-frequency radio wave with a special coded signal can cover a large area and still overcome much of the “noise” encountered on the way to the ground. This is one of the main principles behind the GPS system. 9. What is GPS? （2分）10. How can you determine your location with GPS? （3分）11. What is a drawback of the ground-based radio-navigation system? （3分） 12. What is one of the main principles behind the GPS system? （2分） Digital design has become very dependent on computer-aided design (CAD)-also known as design automation (DA) or electronic design automation (EDA). The EDA tools allow two tasks to be performed: synthesis, in other words the translation of a specification into an actual implementation of the design; and simulation, in which the specification or the detailed implementation can be exercised in order to verify correct operation. Synthesis and simulation EDA tools require that the design be transferred from the designers imagination into the tools themselves. This can be done by drawing a diagram of the design using a graphical package. This is known as schematic capture. Alternatively, the design can be represented in a textual form, much like a software program. Textual descriptions of digital hardware can be written in a modified programming language, such as C, or in a hardware description language (HDL). Over the past thirty years or so, a number of HDLs have been designed. Two HDLs are in common usage today: Verilog and VHDL. Standard HDLs are important because they can be used by different CAD tools from different tool vendors. 13. What is EDA? (2分)14. What are the two tasks of the EDA tools? (2分)15. How can a design be transferred from the designers imagination into the tools themselves? (3分)16. What are the two HDLs in common usage today? (3分) ICs were developed during the late 1950s and early 1960s, but it wasnt till the middle 1960s that Fairchild released the A709. This was the first commercially successful IC op amp. The A709 had its share of problems, but any competent analog engineer could use it, and it served in many different analog applications. The major drawback of theA709 was stability; it required external compensation and a competent analog engineer to apply it. Also, theA709 was quite sensitive because it had a habit of self-destruction under any adverse condition. The A741 followed the A709, and it is an internally compensated op amp that does not require external compensation