大学英语语法重点PPT课件.ppt

语法一 虚拟语气 一 If引导的从句 1 IfIwereyou Iwouldgoabroadtohavethefurtherstudy 2 Ifyouhaddoneyourhomework youwouldnothavebeencriticizedbytheteacher 3 Ifhewereto shouldcomebackfromAmericatomorrow hewouldjoinourparty 4 Ifyouhaddoneyourhomework youwouldnotbecriticizedbyyourteachernow 二 从句中的 should do句型 Heproposedthatthegirl should bethefirsttoleave suggest propose ask command demand require urge order recommend insist2 Itismysuggestionthathebeourmonitor 3 Itisrequiredthatthenewlawbeenforcedatonce 上述动词的过去分词以及strange important necessary essential urgent natural unusual advisable desirable vital用于itis that 时 三 固定句型 主句现在 从句过去 主句过去 从句过完 Itisabout hightime that 过去Itisabouttimethatwehaddinner 2 wouldrather 过去完成Iwouldratherhehadnotinvitedme 3 WishIwishthatIcouldgotoFrance 4 Ifonly 过去IfonlyIweretwentyyearsold 5 Asif asthoughHetalkedaboutEgyptasifhehadbeenthere 三 固定句型 主句现在 从句过去 主句过去 从句过完 Ifonlyhehadbeenhere 要是他当时在这儿就好了 Idreadthecomingexams IfonlyIcouldhavetimetoreviewmylessons 我对即将到来的考试非常担心 如果我有时间复习该有多好啊 IfonlyIhadanotherchance 要是我再有一次机会就好了 Iamsotired IfonlyIcantakethedayofftomorrow 太疲倦了 如果明天能不上班多好 Ifonlyproblemswouldcomeoneatatime 要是问题一次只发生一个该多好 Ifonlyitclearsup we llgo 只要天一放晴 我们就去 Ifonlyonehadanunlimitedsupplyofmoney 要是财源不断就好了 Shewouldbeaverygoodplayerifonlyshecouldgetittogether 她若能控制得当就能成为很好的选手 三 其它 shouldhavedoneYoushouldhavearrivedthereearlier 2 ShouldnothavedoneHeshouldn thavepresentedthereporttothemayor 3 needn thavedoneSincethemeetinghasbeencanceled theyneedn thavegottheresoearly 语法二 非谓语动词 一 做主语todo Itisn todoItismydreamtobecomeasuperstarinthefuture 2 Ittakessb sometimetodo3 Itisadj forsb todosth 4 Itisadj ofsb todosth 一 做主语 ing 1 Itisnouse nogood nofun agreatpleasure awasteoftime abore etc doingItisnousecryingoverthespiltmilk 2 Itisexpensive good interesting nice pointless useless worthwhile etc doingItisuselessaskinghimforhelp 3 ThereisnodoingThereisnosaying telling whatmayhappennext 二 做宾语 ing to 1 Irememberlockingthedoor Remembertolockthedoorwhenyouleave 2 try doing 含义 试一试 或 试试做某事 try todo 含义是 做一番努力 试图做某事 Itriedsendingherflowersbutitdidn thaveanyeffect Iwilltrytofinishtheworkontime 3 mean ing 含义是 意味着 mean todo 含义是 打算 想要 例如 Revolutionmeansliberatingtheproductiveforce Ididn tmeantohurtyourfeelings Mean remember forget regret hate prefer go stop chance 二 做宾语 ing to Let sgoonstudyingLesson6 让我们继续学第六课 说明前面已学了一部分 Let sgoontostudyLesson6 让我们接着学第六课 说明前面已学了第五课 Irememberdoingtheexercise 我记得做过练习 Imustremembertodoit 我必须记着做这事 Itriednottogothere 我设法不去那里 Itrieddoingitagain 我试着又干了一次 Stopspeaking 不要讲话 Hestoppedtotalk 他停下来讲话 Imeantocomeearlytoday 我打算今天早些来 Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour 误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时 三 做状语 ing to 1 Inorderto soasto onlyto too to so asto 2 悬垂Goinghome mothercookedagoodmeal 独立主格Weatherpermitting wewillgoforapicnictomorrow ing ed主动被动when talking aboutthenewplan weareveryexcited 四 做主语补语 1 AllIwanttodois to makeyouhappy 2 其他省略to的情况 1 hadbetter hadbest wouldrather wouldsooner wouldjustassoon might just aswell cannotbut 2 make bid command tell let have hear see feel smell watch 3 except but等连接前后Wehavenothingtodoexceptwaitforthefinaldecision There snochoiceforusbuttowaitforthefinalresult 4 ratherthan soonerthan位于句首Ratherthanapologizeforhisfault hetriedtofindanexcuse 5 Whathewilldois to helpyou Allyouhavetodonowistellusthewholething 语法三 情态动词 一 情态 完成体对过去的推测 Musthavedone一定发生了 Sincethegroundiswet itmusthaverainedlastnight Could may mighthavedone很可能 或许发生了 Should oughttohavedone本来该发生却未发生Needn thavedone本不必却发生了ItisSundaytoday youneedn thavegonetoschool 二 maycanmightcould的异同 May might事实上的可能Can could理论上的可能Theroadmaybeblocked Theroadcanbeblocked Canhetellalie Yes hemay Not否定may might 否定的是句子中的主动词 Theymay mightnotgetthereontimetomorrow Theycan couldnotgetthereontimetomorrow 二 maycanmightcould的异同 4 May might表示说话人给予的许可 而can could是规章制度的许可Accordingtotheruleyoucannotpartthecarhere 5 Might could相比之下更加委婉 三 musthaveto Must表示必要性和推测如表示必要性 含义为主观上的必要 而haveto是客观上的必要 Must做 必须 讲的否定式needn t donothaveto 表推测时否定式为can t3 Musn t表禁止 四 oughtto should Oughtto与should基本类似 但强调责任 义务 应该做 或者逻辑上的必然性时用oughttoAsastudentyououghttostudyhard IthinkIshouldtrytolosesomeweight Itisstarrytonight itoughttobeafinedaytomorrow 五 dare 多出现于否定句 疑问句 条件句Hewantedtogowithme butdaren t Howdareyoucheatme Thereissomethingwrongwithhim Idaresay 语法四 从句 一 特殊句型 1 Airistopeoplewhatwateristofish 2 Thereisnoonebutloveshiscountry Thereisnorulebuthasexceptions thatnot 3 Now that 既然Nowthatallofyouarepresent let shaveaquiz Nowthatitisrainytoday wehavetocancelthetravel 4 themoment theminute directly immediately assoonasIwilltellyouthetruthdirectlyIknowit Theprofessorwenttothelabthemomenthegotoffthetrain 二 关系从句关系代词 1 anything something all little anybody 只用that2 先行词既有人又有物 并列的情况只用that3 Which和that 引导非限定 4 As和which 三 suchthat sothat Heissuchagoodstudentthatwealllikehim Heissogoodastudentthatwealllikehim 语法五 特殊句型 一 倒装 1 Wereitnotforyourhelp wewouldnothavefinishedtheworkontime 2 Comewhatmay I llbeonyourside 3 否定副词引起Neverdidhebetraythecountry 频度副词引起Oftendidhegoabroadonbusiness 二 强调 Itismewhomhehelped ItisforyouthatIholdtheparty 2 WhatIwantisyourlove WhatIlikebestisblackcoffee 三 省略 1 并列Tomisadoctor andAmyanurse 2 独立主格Weatherfine wegotothepark Meetingcancelled wedon tneedtoworry 3 主补或宾补Wechosehimmonitor 4 并列的不定式Iwasaskedtotypetheletter copythefiles andcleantheoffice 5 时间 地点 方式 条件 让步等从句Ididn tfinishthehomeworkuntilverylate Noticeyourbehaviourwhenpossible Althougholdandweak hestilltriedhisbesttohelpus 三 反意疑问句 1 Isuppose think believe expect依据后半部分定Idon tthinkhewillcome Ibelievewewillsolvetheproblem 2 Anything等不定代词代物时 主语用it anyone等代人时 主语用they3 Iwis