必修五 4.9Unit 4 language piont .ppt

新课标人教版课件系列 高中英语 必修5 4 9 倒装句 英语句子通常有两种语序 一种是陈述语序 一种是倒装语序 将谓语的一部分或全部置于主语之前的语序叫做倒装语序 而倒装可分为二种 将整个谓语提到主语之前的叫完全倒装 fullinversion 而只将be 情态动词或者助动词放在主语之前的叫做部分倒装 partialinversion 一 完全倒装 1 在以here there now then等副词开头的句子里 1 hereistheseatforyou 2 theregoesthebell 3 nowcomesyourturn 4 thenfollowedthreedaysofheavyrain 2 在therebe exist happen live appear lie occur rise seem come remain stand等 句型中 1 thereareatleastthousandsofpeopleinthesquare 2 therestandsatalltreeinfrontofourschoolgate 3 在象声词或以out in up down away等副词开头的句子里 1 crackle crackle cracklecamethegunandtheyoungsoldierfeltveryfrightened 2 outrushedthechildren 4 当表示地点的介词词组在句首时 1 atthefootofthehillliesabeautifullake 2 thesoldiersrantothebuilding onthetopofwhichflewaflag 3 eastofthelakelietwotowns 4 underthetreewaslyingawoundedsoldier 在上述四种句子中 如果主语为人称代词 则不需要倒装 e g inhecameandbackhewentagain 二 部分倒装 1 only在句首 修饰副词 介词词组或状语从句时 1 onlythendidhefinditimportanttogetalongwithothers 2 onlyinthiswaycanwemakegreatprogress 3 onlyafterhecamebackwereyouabletoseehim 以关联连词notonly butalso开首的句子或者分句也是如此 notonlydidtheybreakintohisofficeandstealhisbooks buttheyalsotoreuphismanuscripts 位于句首的only 包括连词notonly butalso 只修饰 或连接 主语部分 则不引起倒装 onlyjackcananswerthisquestion 2 当句首状语为否定词或带有否定含义的词语时 常见的这类词或词语有not never hardly seldom rarely scarcely以及notuntil nosooner than hardly when no 等 1 seldomhadiseensuchabeautifulpicture 2 hardlyhadiarrivedhomewhenthephonerang 3 notuntilibegantoworkdidirealizehowmuchtimeihadwasted met90 4 atnotimehaveisaidsuchathing 5 notafingerdidilayonhim 6 tofewpeopledoessuchanopportunityoccur 但当否定词否定主语 否定词组不含否定含义 或者句首状语的否定意义已为随后的另一名词所抵消 此时则不需要倒装 1 notaleafhadfallenfromthetreesthoughautumnwaswelladvanced 2 innotimethelocustscameclownandstartedeatingeverything 3 notinfrequentlytheygoabroad 3 在省去if的虚拟条件从句中 1 shouldibefreethisafternoon iwouldcomeandhelpyouwithyourlesson 2 wereiinyourplace iwouldnotbefitforyourjob 3 haditnotbeenforthecaptain theshipwouldhavesunkwithallonboard 我们可以说wereitnot 或者haditnotbeen 但不可以说weren tit 或者hadn titbeen 因此下列句子应视为病句 weren titforhiswife smoney hewouldneverbeadirector 4 在so that tosuch that或者insuch that的句型中 1 soexcitedwashethathecouldn tsayaword 2 tosuchlengthsdidshegoinrehearsalthattwoactorswalkedout 3 insuchahurrydidthemanrushoutthathealmostknockedmedown 5 当so位于句首 表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人 或物 时 itrustedhimcompletely sowouldanyonewhoknewhim 在soitis was with的句型或者当so表示 的确如此 确实是这样 以示同意和肯定某种说法 或者加以强调时 常常不引起倒装 1 jackstudiesgerman buthedoesn tstudyfrench soitiswithjim 2 it sgoingtobeacoldwinter yes sothenewspapersays 3 lipingstudieshard sohedoes 因此我们常常可看到下列这类句子 yousaytomwenttotheballyesterday sohedid andsodidi 6 当neithernor位于句首 表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一人或物时 或者表示否定的意义在延伸的时候 1 ididn tmeanwhatisaid youknow neither nor didi 2 idon tknow neither nor doicare 注意neithernor的特殊用法 1 justasihaven tgoodeyes soneitherhasmyson neitherhavemychildren 当justas so 用于否定句时 只用neither 2 ifhedoesn tgo neitherwilli 在if条件句后用来引起一个主句时 只能用neither 3 youcan tdoit norcani norcananybodyelse 连续多次否定 常用nor 7 当方式状语 频度状语等提至句首时 有时也可引起部分倒装 1 welldoirememberthedaythatisawaterribleaccidentonthatroad 2 manyatimehashegivenmegoodadvice 8 用于 形容词 或名词 动词 as though 引导的让步状语从句中prettyassheis sheisnotclever tryashewould hemightfailagain childashewas hehadtomakealiving 注 从句的表语是名词 其名词前不加任何冠词 9 有时为了平衡句子的需要 以避免头重脚轻之感 1 goneforeverarethedarkdaysoftheoldsociety 2 sucharetherewardsthatalwayscrownvirtue shakespeare 在以上各类句型中 如果谓语动词只有系动词be 则这类句子应属于全倒装 sosmallwasthemarkthaticouldhardlyseeit 巧记倒装句 在带有倒装句的复合句 或并列句 中 到底应在何处倒装 不少初学者觉得难以掌握 下面的顺口溜可以帮助你较容易地掌握其结构形式 前倒后不 o nu主倒从不倒 2n前倒后也倒 nm前后均不倒 nb代表notonly butalso 引导的并列句 notonly位于句首时 所引导的前面的分句倒装 后面的分句不倒装 故此称为 前倒后不倒 如 1 notonlydidhecome butalsohewasveryhappy 2 notonlywaseverythingthathehadtakenawayfromhim butalsohisgermancitizenship wastakenaway o代表only 状语从句 nu代表notuntil 状语从句 此两种结构位于句首时 倒装主句而不倒装从句 即 主倒从不倒 如 1 onlywhenhetoldmedidiknowit 2 notuntilibegantoworkdidirealizehowmuchtimeihadwasted nosooner than hardly scarcely when 等句型也属此类用法 如 nosooner hardly hadwereachedhomethan when itbegantorain 2n代表neither nor 所引导的并列句 2n若位于两分句之首 则前后分句均倒装 即 前倒后也倒 如 neitherdoiknowhername nordoeshe nm即nomatter 引导的状语从句 此时前面从句及后面主句均不倒装 即 前后均不倒 如 nomatterhowbusyheis healwayscomestohelpus 倒装句中主谓何时不倒装 在需要倒装的种种句型中 有时主语和谓语并不需倒装 大致可归纳如下几种 1 疑问句中 如果疑问词作主语或主语的修饰语 主谓不倒装 如 whathappenedtoher 她出了什么事 howmanypersonsareworkinginthatlaboratory 有多少人在那间实验室里工作 2 在以in out back up down off away here there等副词开头的句子中 如果主语是人称代词 主谓不倒装 如 awayhewenttothestation 他到车站去了 hereshecomes 她来了 3 如果置于句首的由only引导的词组不是状语 而是主语 则主谓不倒装 如 onlytheteachersareallowedtousethisroom 只有教师可以使用这个房间 onlysomeofthechildrenlikeenglish 只有一些孩子喜欢英语 4 如果置于句首的notonly butalso 仅连接作主语的两个并列词组 则主语和谓语不倒装 如 notonlymenbutalsowomenandchildrenareaffectedbythenewlaw 新法律不仅对男人 而且对妇女和儿童也有影响 5 把副词性替代词so提前 如果两句的主语相同 且后者只是进一步肯定或强调前者 so后面的语序不倒装 如 it sraining 下雨了 soitis 是下雨了 bobdidn tknowaboutit sohedidn t 鲍勃不知道这件事 他确实不知道 6 以so开头的句型 如果是soitis was with 另一主语 此时 主语和谓语不倒装 如 marxwasborningermanyandgermanwashisnativelanguage soitwaswithengels 马克思出生在德国 德语是他的母语 恩格斯也是如此 1 onlywhenyouhaveobtainedsufficientdata cometoasoundconclusion a canyoub youcanc wouldyoud youwould2 thatthisregionwassorichinnaturalresources a littleheknewb littledidheknowc littlehedidknowd littlehehadknown3 neveragain politicalofficeafterhis1928defeatforthepresidency a alfrede smithseriouslysoughtb seriouslyalfrede smithsoughtc whendidalfrede smithseriouslyseekd didalfrede smithseriouslyseek4 onlyinrecentyears beguntorealizethatwilddogs keptwithinbounds oftendomoregoodthanharm a peoplehaveb sincepeoplehavec havepeopled peoplewhohave5 wewerenotgoingtomakeanyconcessionstohisunreasonabledemands a whatmaycomeb comewhatmayc maywhatcomed whatcome 6 notuntilishoutedatthetopofmyvoice hishead a thatheturnedb didheturnc hedidn tturnd hehadturned7 receivedlawdegreesastoday a neversowomenhaveb thewomenaren teverc womenwhohaveneverd neverhavesomanywomen8 heatdoesnottravelbyconvectioninsolid becausethesoliddoesnotmove a sodoesaliquidb soaliquiddoesc asdoesaliquidd soisaliquid9 onnoaccount toanyone a mynamemustbementionedb mustmynamementionc mustmynamebementionedd mynamemustmention10 thattheymayeventuallyreducetheamountoflaborneededonconstructionsitesby90percent a suchconstructionrobotsarecleverb soclevertheconstructionrobotsarec socleveraretheconstructionrobotsd suchcleverconstructionrobotsare 11 dowegoforpicnics a certainlyb sometimesc seldomd once12 isitonlytheignorantandill educatedpersonwhohassuchfaithinthebottleofmedicine a eitherb oftenc nord usually13 heranswerisnotacceptable and a neitheramib eitherisminec neitherismined mineisneither14 imustdoanotherexperiment a beiteversolateb itiseversolatec itbeeversolated solateitbeever15 sofast thatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed a lighttravelb travelsthelightc dolighttraveld doeslighttravel 16 asneezecannotbeperformedvoluntarily beeasilysuppressed a noritcanb norcanitc itcannotd andcannotit17 notebookandreportthatipromisedyoulastweek a hereistheb herearethec isherethed areherethe18 alittlemoretimetothink hemighthaveactedmoresensibly a ifhetookb ifhehastakenc hadhetakend shouldhetake 19 beneathourfeet thatourlifedependsonforfoodandclothing a theearthlayb theearthliesc lietheearthd liestheearth20 thebeginningofthe19thcenturydidscientistsknowthatallmatterismadeupofatoms a atb byc uptod notuntil 21 hardly hegotoutofthecourt thereportersraisedalotofquestionstohim a had whenb had thanc did whend has than22 amongthesebooks adictionarythathisfathergavehimasabirthdaypresent a haveincludedb isincludedc hasincludedd areincluded23 nolongerarecontributionstocomputertechnologyconfinedtoanyonecountry isthismoretruethanineurope a nowhereb hardlyc littled seldom24 important hisdiscoverywas itwasregardedasamatterofnoaccountinhistime a tob forc asd although25 accordingtotheperiodictable stillsomeelementsundiscovered a thereseemtobeb itseemsc itseemstobed hereseems 26 here esamanagerd iscomingamanager27 barrycanhardlydriveacar a socan tmollyb can tmollyeitherc mollycan ttood neithercanmolly28 fortheleadershipoftheparty weshouldnothavesucceeded a hadnotitbeenb haditnotbeenc therewasd isthere 29 noairorwater therewouldbenolifeintheworld a werethereb therearec therewasd isthere30 notonly thedatafedintoit butitcanalsoanalyzethem a thecomputercanmemorizeb canthecomputermemorizec dothecomputermemorized canmemorizethecomputer 31 notonce hisviewoflife a didthegentlemanmentionb thegentlemanmentionedthatc thegentlemanmentionedd doesgentlemanmentioned32 bynomeans theirownlanguagewell a itistruethatallenglishpeopleknowb isittruethatdoallenglishpeopleknowc itistruethatdoallenglishpeopleknowd isittruethatallenglishpeopleknow33 themoleculesofgasesmovemorefreelythan a doliquidsandsolidsb liquidsandsolidsdoc dothoseofliquidsandsolidsd thosedoofliquidsandsolids34 theworld sbirthratesareonadeclineand arethedeathrates a sob alsoc tood thesame35 isthevolumeofchemicalgoods a constantlygrowingtoob tooconstantlygrowingc growingconstanttod toogrowingconstant 36 manyatime mewithmyenglishstudy a havehehelpedb hashehelpedc hehavehelpedd didhehavehelped37 typicalofthenewtypeofyoungpeople whosetashiningexampletothewholenation a wasleifengb wereleifengc leifengwasd leifengwere38 whatmr smithdidwasimportant but a moreimportantthewayofhedidthingswasb thewayofhedidthingswasmoreimportantc moreimportantwasthewayhedidthingsd moreimportantthewaywerehedidthings39 shedidn twanttobuyit a howevergoodwasitb howevergooditwasc forhowgoodmightitbed forhowgooditmightbe40 itisalwayspossibletofindoutitsvolume a whatevertheshapeofabodymaybeb theshapeofabodymaybewhateverc maywhatevertheshapeofabodybed whatevermaytheshapeofabodybe 41 iwon tpay 20forthecoat it snotworth a allthatmuchb thatmuchallc thatallmuchd muchallthat42 hotairaccompaniedbyhighrelativehumidityfeelswarmerthan a isitactuallyb itactuallyisc actuallyitisd a