英语使役动词用法.docx

使役动词是动词重要部分，也是高考的重要考点，学习时应注意下列几点一、了解用法基本相同之处，从宏观上认识使役动词1、含义基本相同大多使役动词均有使、让之意。2、结构基本相同使役动词后面均可接宾语和宾语补足语，宾语补足语通常由形容词、副词、介词、不定式、现在分词和过去分词担任。大多数使役动词可用于被动语态。二、掌握各自具体用法，从微观上熟悉使役动词使役动词在含义和用法上均有不同之处，具体用法如下（一）have使，让，不用于被动语态1.have +宾语+done（1）叫、让、请别人做某事，表动作的执行者不是主语也不是宾语而是别人。例Ill have my bike repaired this afternoon. 今天下午我要请人修自行车。（2）遭遇不幸事件例He had his wallet stolen at the station. 他的钱包在火车站不幸遭窃。2.have +宾语+do让做某事，动作执行者为宾语例He had her go there. 他让她去那儿。3.have +宾语+doing让做某事，动作执行者为句子宾语，但动词必须为持续性动词，后面常接时间段。例He had her standing in the rain for two hours. 他让她在雨中站了两个小时。英语使役动词用法4.have +宾语+adj./adv./prep. 促使某一动作发生例Please have your money ready. 请准备好钱。（二）make 使，有轻微强迫之意1.make +宾语+do，迫使某人做某事，被动语态为be made to do例The boy made the girl cry.男孩把女孩惹哭了。2.make+宾语+adj./adv./prep./n.使处于某种状态例His illness made him very weak. 他的病使他很虚弱。3.make +宾语+doing使处于某种状态，并强调动作的主动性例The story made him feeling sad.这个故事使他很难受。4.make +宾语+done使处于某种状态，并强调动作的被动性例Please speak louder to make yourself heard. 请讲大声一点以便让别人听到你。（三）leave让，使，带走 既可用于主动语态也可用于被动语态1.leave +宾语+to do sth.让某人做某事，强调未来动作例Leave him to do it himself. 让他自个儿去做这件事吧。2.leave +宾语+doing让某人做某事，强调当时正在发生的动作例What he said left me thinking deeply.他的话使我陷入了沉思。3.leave +宾语+done 使处于某种被动状态，强调动作的被动性例We cant leave such an important matter unfinished. 我们不能让这样一件重要的事半途而废。4.leave+ 宾语+adj./adv./prep.使处于某一特定状态例Who left the door open？ 谁让门开着？（四）get使，让1.get +宾语+to do 让做某事，强调未来性动作例He got his brother to help him. 他让他的兄弟帮助他。2.get +宾语+done让被做，强调被动性动作例He got the car started. 他发动了小汽车。3.get +宾语+doing 让做某事，强调正在进行的动作例She got her bike running very fast. 她把自行车骑得飞快。4.get+宾语+adj./adv./prep.使发生例Please get your tickets ready. 请准备好票。（五）keep使，让，保持1.keep +宾语+doing 使某人处于做某事的状态中，强调动作延续一段时间例Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. 对不起，让您久等了。2.keep +宾语+adj./adv./prep. 使处于特定状态例Please keep the classroom clean. 请保持教室干净。3.keep +宾语+done使处于被动状态例I cant keep my eyes shut to all this. 对于这一切我不能熟视无睹。（六）let使，让1.let +宾语+do，让做，被动语态为be let （to） do例Lets go there, shall we? 让我们去那里，好吗？2.let+宾语+adv./prep. 让，多表示方向例He let the dog out of the room. 他把狗放出了房间。（七）drive驱动，逼迫，迫使1.drive +宾语+to do驱动做，被动语态为be driven to do例 He drove her to admit it.（八） force 强迫，迫使1.force +宾语+to do，迫使某人做某事，被动语态为be forced to do