现在分词做状语(讲课)ppt课件.ppt

高三二轮专题复习现在分词做状语 学案讲评 1 目标导航 Knowledgeaims 知识目标1 Torevisethebasicgrammarrulesofv ingformastheAdverbial 2 Tograspsomeimportantanddifficultpoints Abilityaim 能力目标 TosolvetheproblemsinMultipleChoicesandreadingpassage Touseitinspeakingandwriting Emotionaim 情感目标 Tolearntoco operateingroupsandimproveyourproblemsawarenessandbeactiveinclass Tokeeppositiveattitudetolife 2 表扬 优秀作业 侯鑫宫宜辉刘振元王灏杨少辉李慧颖董磊井晗吴会荣臧召燕井晓燕尚晓涵李丙荣候一凡杨娜周晓萌孟秋芳王文秀张可王成坤整洁作业 董良王庆功贾明生陈宇巩礼彬臧志刚吴迪田晓涵冯永昌刘梦 3 一 考点分布2007 2012山东卷分析 由此看出 非谓语动词为高频考点 状语从句为热考点 4 考纲解读 现在分词作状语是高考的热点和难点 选择题和写作中应用较多 因此此考点必须重点掌握 学习重点及难点1 现在分词逻辑主语和句子主语的关系 2 现在分词动作与谓语动作的同时性或先后性 3 现在分词在写作中的运用 难点 非谓语动词命题趋势1 考查项目重点突出 无偏题 怪题 2 基本概念 基本形式 基本用法 3 各题的题干简洁明了 语境真实自然 语言地道 便于考生理解 4 着重考查考生在特定情景中概念理解和结构分析能力 5 思维导图解读 6 现在分词的形式 以go和write为例 意义 writing beingwritten going havingwritten Havingbeenwritten havinggone 1 v ing与句中主语为逻辑上的主动关系 与句中谓语动词同时发生 或基本上同时发生2 having v ed与句中主语为逻辑上的主动关系 先于谓语动词发生 7 句法功能 一 做伴随状语 分词等于and连接两个动词或分句二 原因状语相当于as since because等引起的原因状语从句 常位于句首 句中或句末 三 时间状语相当于when while as等引导的时间状语从句 常位于句首或句末四 条件状语相当于if等引导的条件状语从句 常位于句首五 让步状语相当于although though evenif eventhough引起的让步状语从句 常位于句首六 方式状语分词等于介词with引起的方式状语或and并列的两个谓语动词 8 现在分词作状语学与练 把划线部分改写成分词短语并说明其功能 1 Whentheysawtheirteacher thestudentsstoodup Seeingtheirteacher thestudentsstoodup 现在分词短语作时间状语 9 2 Aftertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework theywenthome Havingfinishedtheirhomework theywenthome 现在分词短语作时间状语 Havingfinishedtheirhomework表现的动作在wenthome 故用分词的 之前 完成式 10 3 Becausehewasill hecouldn tgotoschool 4 IfyouworkharderatEnglish youwillmakegreaterprogress Beingill hecouldn tgotoschool 现在分词短语作原因状语 WorkingharderatEnglish youwillmakegreaterprogress 现在分词短语作条件状语 11 5 Althoughtheyfeltverytired theykeptrunning 6 Thechildrencameintotheclassroom andtheylaughedandtalked 并列句 Feelingverytired theykeptrunning 现在分词短语作让步状语 Thechildrencameintotheclassroom laughingandtalking 现在分词短语作伴随或方式状语 12 13 被动 主动 语态 doinghavingdone donebeingdonehavingbeendone 14 1 Whenhefoundthedoorlocked hewenthome 转化为分词作状语 15 2 see blackcloudscoveringthesky hestoppedhisworkandwenthome Seeing 16 1 doing或者beingdone几乎同时发生2 Havingdone或者havingbeendone先于主句的谓语动词之前发生1 当v ing形式所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词动作之前时 应使用完成式 havingdone2 当v ing形式被动式的动作发生在主句谓语动词动作之前时 被动式应使用完成式 havingbeendone 注意 17 1 Whatabeautifulgardenitis saidthegirl outofthewindow A lookingB havinglookedC tolookD looked2 alongway BobbegantofeeltiredA WalkingB HavingwalkedC TowalkD walked3 inthequeueforhalfanhour IsuddenlyrealizedthatIhadleftmywalletathome A TowaitB WaitingC HavingwaitedD Tohavewaited 18 使用havingdone或havingbeendone的分词结构部分常会出现一些用于表示过去或完成的时间状语 例如 before already foralongtime manytimes等 窍门 19 直接在分词前面加not1 areply hedecidedtowriteagain A NotreceivingB ReceivingnotC NothavingreceivedD Havingnotreceived2 thathewasingreatdanger Ericwalkeddeeperintotheforest A NotrealizedB RealizingnotC NotrealizingD Nottohaverealized 20 分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语 此时应注意人称一致 1 see fromthehill wefindthecityverybeautiful see fromthetopofthehill thecitylooksmorebeautifultous 2 look athermother hejumpedwithjoy look atbyhermother hejumpedwithjoy Seeing Seen Looking Looked 21 3 Whilewatchingtelevision A thedoorbellrangB thedoorbellringsC weheardthedoorbellringD weheardthedoorbellrings4 Hesitatingwhattodo Asolet snotgooutingBthetourwascancelledCbutweshouldstilltakethetourDwehadtostayhome 22 thetreesturnedgreen 春天来了 we llvisittheGreatWall 时间允许的话 补独立主格结构 在用分词短语作状语时 它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致 如不一致则要加上它自己逻辑上的主语 这种结构称为独立主格结构 Springcoming Timepermitting 23 1 Sunday Ishallhaveaquietdayathome A BeingB ItisC TherebeingD Itbeing2 Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden weather 2012高考全国卷 A permittingB topermitC permittedD permit 24 有些惯用的V ing短语在句中中可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在 它们往往作为句子的独立成分来修饰全句 表面说话者的态度观点等 我们称这种状语为评论性状语或评注性状语 generally strictly frankly personallyspeaking一般来说 严格来说 坦率地说 就个人而言judgingfrom by由 判断considering考虑到supposing假如talking speakingof提到 providing如果 taking intoconsideration考虑到Seeingthat 既然 25 Judgingfromhisappearance heisawealthyman 从外表判断他是一位富翁 Generallyspeaking themoreyoupay themoreyouget 一般来说 付出的越多 得到的就越多 26 1 分词短语是由状语从句变换而来的 用以表示时间 原因 条件 让步及附带情况 2 若状语从句于主句的主语相同时 1 去连词 2 去主语 3 动词变分词即 连词 主语 V 主语 V V ing 主语 V e g Ifyouturntotheright you llfindtheschool you llfindtheschool Turningtotheright 27 3 若状语从句与主句的主语不同时 1 去连词2 前面的主语留下3 动词 分词e g Asitwerefine Iwentfishingwithmyfather Iwentfishingwith Itbeingfine 28 Notes 1 分词短语 连词 主语 V e g Walkingalongthestreet ImetMary ImetMary Beingtired Istoppedtotakearest Istoppedto WhileIwaswalkingalongthestreet BecauseIwastired 29 2 分词短语意义不清时 往往保留连词 但表示原因的连词because as等一定要省略 e g When Iwas mailingaletterinthepostoffice ImetTom Asshedidn tknowwhattodo shebegantocry shebegantocry Notknowingwhattodo 30 1 Usingyourhead you llfindagoodway Workinghard you llsurelysucceed Ifyouuseyourhead Ifyouworkhard 条件状语 练一练 思考 如何改为祈使句 31 2 Beingpoor hecouldn taffordaTVset Notknowingheraddress wecan tgetintouchwithher 原因 Becausehewaspoor Aswedon tknowheraddress 32 3 Walkinginthestreet Isawatailor sshop 时间 WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet 4 Fourpeopleenteredtheroomlookingaroundinacuriousway 伴随状语 Fourpeopleenteredtheroomandlookedaroundinacuriousway 33 5 Hedidhishomeworkcarelessly makingalotofmistakes anditmadealotofmistakes 结果 辨析 Hehurriedtothestationonlytofindthetrainhadgone 自然的或必然的结果 意想不到的结果 34 EgFinishedtheirhomework thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball 更正 thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball theywentouttoplayfootball 变式训练 Theirhomeworkfinished Havingfinishedtheirhomework Afterthechildrenfinishedtheirhomework 提示 用独立主格结构 用分词作状语 用状语从句 35 解题步骤 我们一起来总结 1 根据句子结构确定分词的语法成分2 找准逻辑主语3 判断主 被动关系4 指出非谓语的动作是发生在句子谓语动作之前还是之后 从而确定考虑用完成式还是一般式 5 最后选定现在或过去分词 36 当堂检测之高考链接 1 Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice thebreakfastuntouched A LeftB toleaveC leavingD havingleft2 Pressedfromhisparents and thathehaswastedtoomuchtime theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingvideogames A realizingB realizedC torealizeD beingrealized 37 3 Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight alongspeechforthepresident A toprepareB preparingC preparedD waspreparing4 Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere A havingaddedB toaddC addingD added 38 5 upathisfather heaskedwhatwasthematterwithhim A HavinglookedB LookingC TolookD Look6 Thecarburnsmorefuel but allthingsintoconsideration it sstillagoodcarAtakenBhavingtakenCtakingDtotake7 suchheavypollutionalready itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver A HavingsufferedB SufferingC TosufferD Suffered 39 8 animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason youwillregretitsoonerorlater A BasingB BasedC BaseD Tobase9Findinghercarstolen AapolicemanwasaskedtohelpBtheareawassearchedthoroughlyCitwaslookedforeverywhereDshehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp10 thepiano someonesuddenlyknockedatthedoor A PlayingB WhenIwasplayingC RepairingD