Unit 4 Astronomy[1].doc(教案).doc

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars一、三维目标1、技能目标Skill GoalsTalk about the science of the stars, the development of life and space travel and gravity.Practise giving instructions.Practise talking abut problems in study or life.Learn to use Noun Clauses as the subject. 2、知识目标功能句式Talk about the science of the stars, the development of life and space travel and gravityWhere do we come from? How did the universe begin?Why is the universe the way it was? How will it end?How much do you know about universe?Do you want to have a space travel?Do you know something about gravity?Do you know something about black holes?Practise giving instructionsPlease look at/ listen to. Please check that. You need.Please pay attention to. Dont forget to. Youd better.Make sure you. Watch out for. You mustnt.Practice talking about problems in study or lifeMy problem is. The difficulty is. My trouble is.The question is. My advice is. What I think about it is.The fact is. My suggestion is.词汇1 四会词汇astronomy, atmosphere, system, violent, solid, explode, carbon, dioxide, oxygen, surface, planet, harmful, development, spread, method, depend, exist, presence, telescope, disappoint, disappointed, publish, publishing, gravity, force, gradually, cheer, float, mass2 词组solar system, in time, prevent. from, depend on, cheer up, now that, get the hang of, break out语法Noun Clauses as the subject3、情感目标Enable Ss to learn how to talk about the beginning of life on the earth.二、教学重难点：1To revise the vocabulary 2. To revise the grammar - Noun Clauses as the subject三、教学手段：A multi-media and other normal teaching tools.四、教学课时安排：共三课时第一课时：话题词汇及及开展同类文章的课外阅读，进一步提升这一类文章的阅读技能。第二、三课时：单元词汇及重点实用句型第四课时：主语从句Period 1 Topic vocabularyStep 1 Teaching content of the unit Topic vocabulary MET-linking Unit vocabulary Grammar Step 2 Vocabulary revisionThere are approximately four hundred million galaxies银河 in the universe宇宙. We can see only a small part of our galaxy. There are over three billion stars in the Milky Way银河系. The sun is one of the stars. There are nine planets行星(Mercury水星,Venus金星 the Earth地球Mars火星Jupiter木星 Saturn土星Uranus 天王星Neptune海王星 Pluto冥王星) around the sun. The Earth is the third planet from the sun. The Earth has one natural satellite卫星the moon. The moon is only a quarter of the size of the Earth.Shenzhou V Chinese people have been dreaming of going into outer space外太空 ever since before. China had launched 发射three unmanned spacecrafts 无人飞船successfully from 1999 to 2005. On Dec. 31, 2002 ,the launch of the fourth spacecraft Shenzhou IV was another big success and the spacecraft returned to the earth safely on January 5, 2003. During its flight, seven scientific experiments were carried out. The purpose of the flight was to make preparations for the launch of a manned spacecraft next time. The successful launch and return show that China is able to send a person into space soon. In 2003,the first manned spacecraft Shenzhou V was sent into space successfully. And the Chinese dream has come true. 神舟五号 长期以来，中国人一直梦想进入太空。1999年至2船2年间，中国成功地发射了三艘无人飞船。2002年12月31日，第四艘飞船“神舟四号”又一次成功发射，并于2003年1月5日安全返回地面。在航行期间，完成了七项科学试验，这次航行是为下一次载人飞船的发射做准备。这次成功的发射和返回表明中国有能力把人送上太空。2003年，第一艘载人飞船神舟五号进入太空，中国人的梦想变成了现实。Special report: China launches first lunar orbiterBEIJING, Oct. 24 (Xinhua) - Testing operators have started leaving the launching tower（发射塔） in the Xichang satellite launching centre（卫星发射中心）, where Chinas first lunar probe Change-1 will blast off（点火起飞）at around 6:00 p.m. on Wednesday.In a building about 3 km away from the tower, technicians in the remote control center are uploading the flight programs into the carrier rocket Long March 3A.Meanwhile, the 5th platform of the launching tower has been unfolded. Step 3 MET-linking（2004宁夏（D）、07 福建（C） ）Part 2-3 Language pointsI.Text revisionHow did water come into being on the earth?What is the significance of the presence of water on the earth?Practice/Warming-up 按要求写单词v n v ndirect direction director permit permissionimpress impression digest digestionprotect protection cooperate cooperationn adj. n adjsadness sad sugar sugarycuriosity curious humour humourouspatience patient independence independentorigin original nation nationalagriculture agricultural society socialEurope European energy energeticpossibility possibleII. Important phrases:从方框中选择合适的词组并用其正确形式填入句子中，使句子意思完整。prevent . from cheer (sb./sth.) up in timedepend on/upon get the hang of fall over in time think of .as 1. Laws have been passed to prevent /stop / keep people from killing wild animals.2. If you catch the early bus , you will get there in time.3. The students think of their English teacher as a good guide.4. He knew he could depend on/upon her to deal with the situation.5. The good news of our football team winning the game cheered up everybody who heard it.6. Not many people seem to have got the hang of this new kind of music.7. I rushed for the door and fell over the cat in the hallway.III. Important sentences:1.Water had already disappeared from planets like Mars or satellites like the moon, but it stayed on the earth. This is how the earth began to show its special qualities.This is how .表示“这就是如何”，其中how引导的是一个表语从句，用于说明方式。类似的结构还有：this is because ., this is why ., this is what ., this is when ., this is where .等,分别用于说明原因、结果、事物、时间、地点等。请比较：Mary failed in this exam. This was because she had been ill for two weeks.(说明原因)玛丽之所以没通过这次考试，是因为她此前病了两个星期。The fog is too heavy this morning. This is why we drive so slowly. (说明结果)今天早晨雾太大，我们只好慢慢开车。The young man left school in 1998.This was when he joined the army.(说明时间)1998年那个年轻人离开了学校，也就在那一年他参了军。2. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved. 句子中两个以whether引导的从句均为名词性从句, 前者是主语从句，后者是宾语从句。在引导宾语从句时通常既可以用if也可以用whether（介词的宾语除外）, 但是引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时通常多用whether而不用if。如：Henry asked if / whether he could go surfing on the Internet then. (宾语从句)亨利问他那时是否可以上网。I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.（作介词宾语）我担心是否伤害了她。Her question is whether humans will be able to live on Mars.(表语从句)她的问题是人类将来能否在火星上生活。Whether Mr Black will go to the conference doesnt matter at all. (主语从句)布莱克先生与会与否无关紧要。3. “If you are right, my mass will be less than .!” (Using Language)mass在此意为“质量”，是不可数名词，但有时可与不定冠词连用。如：This particle has a very small mass.这种粒子的质量很小。mass还可用于a mass of 或masses of，通常有以下两种意思：(1)表示“一团，一堆，一块”。如：There were masses of white clouds in the sky. 天上有朵朵白云。There is a mass of snow in the yard. 院子里有一堆雪。(2)表示“大量，大批”，可修饰可数名词或不可数名词。如：A mass of people are coming to see the exhibition. 大批人要来看展览。Ive masses of work to do.我有大量工作要做。IV Homework 1. 令我们中国人骄傲的是我们可以成功发射载人宇宙飞船。(主语从句和表语从句)2. 阻止大气污染是我们应尽的责任。(prevent.from)3. 我一直想掌握天文学方面的知识。(get the hang of)4. 我不想太多地依靠父母。(depend on)5. 有机会看到神州五号的发射，我感到很幸运。 (have a chance to)1. What we Chinese are proud of is that we can successfully launch manned spacecraft.2. Its our responsibility to prevent the air from being polluted.3. Ive been trying to get the hang of the knowledge of astronomy.4. I dont want to depend much on my parents.5. I was lucky enough to have a chance to see the launching of Shenzhou-V.书面表达最近，你班同学就“太空探索是否值得”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下表提供的信息，用英语写一篇短文介绍讨论的情况。30%的同学认为： 70%的同学认为：1. 不值得探索2. 离我们及我们的日常生活太遥远3. 浪费金钱。这些金钱本可用来解决地球上的饥饿、污染等问题1. 值得探索2. 已使用卫星进行通讯传播、天气预报3. 有望解决地球人口问题、地球能源短缺问题注意： 1. 词数：120左右； 2. 参考词汇：短缺 shortage。One possible version: Recently, students in our class have had a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. 30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They believe space is too far away from us and our daily life and that the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earths problems such as starvation and pollution. On the other hand, 70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it, such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. Whats more, with further space research, we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also, space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.答案详解本文讲述的是科学家正在为探索火星而工作。科学家准备往火星上发射机器人。67.A 细节题。从 可知科学家往火星上发射机器人的目的是为了搞清楚火星上是否有水。68.D 细节题。第二段 说明两个机器人发射的间隔时间是两周。A 细节题。从第三段 我们可知道，两个机器人的重要工作是研究火星的土壤。69.C 推理判断题。最后一段 表明科学家们还在为这个计划进行工作64.C该篇科普文讲述的是在火星上发现一些像洞穴状的东西，根据研究人员的探索，这些洞穴很可能是a sign of life。65.D 关于火星的特征，在文中这样表述such casesthe bitterly cold, radiation soaked, dry surface。66.B 原文第六段可知。67.D原文第八段可知。Part 4 Grammar-主语从句主语从句可以按其引导词的不同分为三类： 第一类，用从属连词that引导的主语从句，例如：That we shall be late is certain.That the driver could not control his car was obvious.这种结构主要是对that从句的内容进行强调，属正式文体，连词that不可以省略；但是在一般情况下，往往使用先行it结构，即用it作形式主语，而把that从句放到后面，这时，在口语中，连词that有时则可以省略。所以上述两句可以改为：It is certain that we shall be late.It was obvious that the driver could not control his car.如果整个句子是疑问形式，就只能用先行it结构，例如：Is it true that he would take the risk？Is it possible that they will come tomorrow？常使用先行it结构，用that从句作主语的句子有下列几个句型：1、It + be + 形容词 + that从句：It is clear that he was telling the truth.Its probable that well be a little late. 我们可能会稍微迟一些。2、It + be + 名词词组 + that从句：Its a pity that you cant go with us.3、It + 及物动词 + 宾语 + that从句：It shocked me that Peter didnt tell anybody where he was.It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.她的头发正在变成灰色让她有些担心。4、It + be + 过去分词 + that从句：It is said that he has be