国家电网职称英语考试复习题-补全短文.doc

精品文档补全短文Passage 1 Functions of power transmission CEADB The function of (1) is to send power from A. step-down substations and connected transmission equipment B. power network operation C. power transmission D. transmission at high voltage E. power networksPassage 2 Substation misoperation and its preventing CEABDThe misopemtion that can lead to (1) A. preventing the misoperation in substation B. the closing of grounding switch with power on C. accidents in the electrical operation of the substation D. the persons from illegal entering the lived bay E. the grounding wire (closing the grounding switch) with power onPassage 3 A brief introduction on the development of supercritical boilers and their main advantages BDEAC In (1) such as U.S.A，Japan and European A. good homogenization of distribution B. some advanced countries C. whole process management is strengthened D. great advantages oil economy and environmental protection E. subcritical once-through boilerPassage 4 Steam generation and use BEADC Steam is one of mans dependable servants More and more in the background，steam is doing more and more work for man. In (1) A. first generating steam B. an electrically heated home C. use of steam for electric power generation D. the new generating capacity being installed E. the fuel is uranium and the heat is suppliedPassage 5 Circuit breaker BDAEC Circuit breakers are automatically operated high voltage (or high current) switches. Circuit breakers are required (1) A to perform any switching operation after long periods B. to control electrical power networks C. of the circuit breaker D. to switch the current which can be from a few amperes E. of the highest importance for high reliabilityPassage 6 The ratio of distance to height of pumped-storage power plant BDACE For pumped-storage power plant, generally the ratio of distance to height (l), A. is most economic B. is used to evaluate topographic condition of power plant C. is not desirable D. is the ratio of horizontal distance between upper and low reservoirE. is the bestPassage 7 Fuel cells BAECDFuel cells are devices that when a fuel such as hydrogen or hydrogen-rich compounds and oxygen are supplied to materials arranged like the anode and cathode of a conventional battery A . further development is under way B. there is no storage capacity in a fuel cell C. many cells are operated in series to obtain voltages D. supply alternating current from fuel cells E. as they are being developed there have been some applicationsPassage 8 Substations pace into the Digital Age CAEBD Substations constitute the main part of power transmission and distribution in a power grid. The substations (1) A. substation automation technology has reached a certain level B. simulation training technology for substation operation C. composed of a large number of primary and secondary equipments D. a full-digital automation system E. all of which has become an indisputable factPassage 9 Overcoming the Problem of Waste CADEB Many large cities are anything but beautiful Streets are littered with trash. In this trash, however, (1) A. there is no time to be lost B. building beautiful cities out of garbage is only a dream C. there is still something that can be useful D. it can be put to use againE. more and more machines are designed for this purposePassage 10 Hibernation EBDAC The weather in winter. Call be very cold. Some animals sleep during the winter, for its difficult for them to find food then. (1) A. So they dont need to worry about bad weather and other dangerous animals B. We call this kind of sleep in wintertime “hibernation C. As it gets warmer and warmer in spring，the sleeping animals begin to wake up and look around for food D. Hibernating animals dont need to eat much because they dont move E. They can sleep for a long timePassage 11 Satellites BDACE The body that is neatest to the Earth is the moon. (1). A. The bigger and heavier a body is, the greater is its force of gravity B. It circles the Earth and is therefore know as a satellite of the Earth C. To get out into space we have to overcome the Earths gravitational pull D. A satellite stays in orbit because the planet gravitational force keeps pulling it into a circleE. Artificial satellite can be used for various purposesPassage 12 Secondary equipment in power system BDEAC The secondary equipments in power system are (1) A. 5A rated current of the current transformer secondary winding B. the equipments that provide protecting，monitoring C. 50V rated voltage of PT secondary side D. the equipments that send the command signalsE. current values in secondary systemPassage 13 Switching overvoltage EABCD A sudden change in the configuration of transmission network caused (1) A. determine the insulation requirements of transmission lines B. the cost of transmission and 1ine failure rate C. at both opening and closing of circuit breakers D. by means of circuit breaker closing resistor in 500kV system E. by the operation of a circuit breakerPassage 14 Transmission line and distribution line ADBCE The high voltage power line through which power is (1) A. transmitted from power plants step-up substation to step-down substation B. the overhead transmission line C. lightning frequently happening and heavy raining D. the power line that transmits the power from step-down substation E. 1arge spanning line sectionPassage 15 Transformer insulation CEABD The insulation of a transformer can be categorized into internal insulation and external insulation. (1) A. The main insulation materials inside transformer are transformer oil B. The degradation of insulating properties of insulation materials under long period of influence C. The internal insulation refers to the insulation of various parts inside the oil tank DIf the winding temperature is within the scope of 80140 oCE. The main insulation refers to the insulation between windings and grounding parts and the insulation between windingsPassage 16 The electricity market BDAEC The aim of introducing market mechanism is to bring various parties more economic benefit through equitable competition，thereby promote economic development. Like other markets, it needs (1) A. to agree on the price and quantity to be traded B. a wholesale market C. to register as a market customer D. a retail market E. to choose electricity suppliersPassage 17 Electric power CBDAE Electric power is a most convenient，clean，safe，and useful form of energy which supplies the major portion of energy needs of a modem society At the present time (1) A. its growth rate B. its unavailability C. the lack of electricity (a blackout) D. social disorder, and even national tragedy E. high electric power consumption per capitaPassage 18 Copyright piracy BDAEC There are numerous examples of what has become known as copyright piracy. The American chemical giant Du Pont, for example, recently introduced into one Asian country its famous Londax herbicide, which kills weeds in rice fields. The company invested millions of dollars in (1) A. new chemicals B. the research and developmentC. physical propertyD. the fake and real itemsE. the intellectual property Passage 19 Electrical energy DEBAC Electrical energy is the presence and flow of an electric charge. The energy portion of electricity is found in a variety of phenomena such as (1) A. Alternating current B. electrical energy C. Electrical potential D. static electricity E. electrical chargePassage 20 Solar energy ADBCE Many people think of alternative solar energy as a new technology, but humans have been using this process to heat homes and baths for thousands of years. A. sustainable B. inefficient C. the collected energy is used to heat a fluid D. the best known is photovoltaic cells E. efficientPassage 21 Electrical energy conservation CDEAB Electrical energy conservation refers to the process of reducing energy used through various means. Many of these methods for (1) A. turning the thermostat up in the summer and down in the winter B. looking for other opportunities for electrical energy conservation in the home C. reducing energy consumption can be undertaken at home D. making use of alternative clean energy sources E. contributing to climate changePassage 1 CDBEANowadays, scientists are working hard to make deserts into useful land again. They make efforts to bring water to the desert( C ). Unluckily, more and more land is becoming deserts. This is because people are doing bad things to the earth.A. There is still a long way to go for scientists to turn the desert into good land. B. They are very important to dry placesC. so that people can live and grow food thereD. even though these places dont have much rainE. Besides, they wont let the wind blow the dirt away. Passage 2 CBEADTemperature, pressure, specific volume, enthalpy and entropy are the most commonly used ( C ) in the thermodynamics.A. heat transferBthe rise in temperatureCparameters of the mediumDinternal energyEexternal forcesPassage 1 EABCD( E ) Here are three important rules( A )Reduce. ( B ) Big cities always consume a lot of water in daily life. To save water, people in some families may first use the same water to wash clothes and then to flush the toilet. A. Their key words all begin with the 1etter “R”.B. If you want to reduce waste. you must use things wisely. C. You must always think of reusing things before throwing them out.D. The metal stuff can be made into new coke cans.E. Its important to protect our environment.Passage 2 BCADEAccording to the mode of energy conversion, power plants can be classified into fos