Business English课后习题

Exercise 1Directions: Match the phrases with the following sentences. Write your answers on the answer sheet correspondingly.demeanorcravefoundbiologydictateresponsiveembedprofitabilitydynamicsall-pervasiveweaknesscitizendiscountedtuneunconsciously3. Though business people like to think of themselves as realists, the fact is that wishful thinking, denial, and other forms of avoiding reality are deeply_ in most corporate cultures.4. The culture of the organization is typically created _, based on the values of the top management or the founders of an organization.5. Sometimes we tend to lose sight of the fact that _the way you appear and the way you actis a form of communication.6. The deepest principle in human nature is the_ to be appreciated.7. Microsoft is _upon the idea that if you give people the right tools, they will do new and exciting things.8. Creativity, by itself, is not enough. There must be mechanisms within the company for setting in motion the _needed to spark off winning ideas.9. The right corporate_the optimal balance of people and culturecan mean the difference between success and failure.10. The organizational culture, as perceived by the employees, _how they think about their jobs, perform their functions and plan for the future.11. Depending on the company, corporate culture may influence choice of suit color for meetings with management, overall _to change in the marketplace, how customers and colleagues are treated and whether or not an expensive new shower curtain is submitted as a business expense.12. If increased _is an organizational goal, one of the best places to start improvements is with an examination of the organizations work culture.13. An organizations cultural norms are so _ that they are almost invisible, but if you would like to improve performance and profitability, norms are one of the first places to look.14. Employees all share the basic human needs for belonging, connectedness, trust, meaning and purpose, and they also share the same human _, such as selfishness and greed.15. Citizenship in the United States comes in tow forms: individual citizenship (referred to at the outset of the U.S. Constitution as “We the people”) and corporate citizenship which has existed since 1886 when the Supreme Court decided corporations were entitled to constitutional protection as if they were _.16. Managers need to realize that issues involving pay, benefits, and perks arent usually the central reasons why good employees fly the corporate coopalthough those factors certainly are not to be_.Smart companies _ their overall culture toward their employees if they can, making the work environment as pleasant and as supportive as possible.Exercise 2relationshipeffectivenesscharismaticmatchinherentstereotypeperceptionsfacilitativeingredientinspiringcompetencestabilityunpretentiousattributingcampaign1. Manager are thought to be the budgeter, the organizers, the controllersthe ants, as one observer puts itwhile leaders are the_, big-picture visionaries, the ones who change the whole ant farm.2. Some great managers struggle with change and fail to be great leaders, while a great leader might fail to create a sense of_in an organization and not measure up as a manager.3. Leadership effectiveness is determined by what leaders do, not by some _personal characteristic.4. There isnt one_of leadership which fits every situation.5. Since the 1970s, the focus has been on “contingency theories of leader behavior”theories that argue leaders effectiveness depends on the _between their behavior and personal characteristics and the characteristics of their followers and of the situations in which they find themselves.6. Leaders must pay close attention to how they balance competing pressures in their organizations, and how their words and actions shape the_and beliefs of organization members.7. We have a natural tendency to blame other people for failures, rather than_the poor performance to external and contextual factors.8. Leadership is not primarily about making decisions anywayit is about_people to change direction.9. Efffective managers concentrate not only on the task, but also on their_with their subordinates.10. The role of the manager is more_than directive, guiding the conversation and helping to resolve differences.11. Self-confidence is not the real secret of leadership. The more essential_is confidence in other people.12. One person may have the top title and the official authority, but their_is often a function of the quality of all the other people who stand beside them to exercise leadership.13. Sports certainly produces a very high number of prima donnas and big egos, yet I was struck by how many of the winning teams were led by_people who boosted others.14. When an employee has done a task one way for many years, he tends to identify with that task and changing it can feel like an assault on his_.15. The company is planning to launch an important sales_to promote their latest product.1. charismatic2. stability3. inherent4. stereotype5. match6. perceptions7. attributing8. inspiring9. relationship10. facilitative11. ingredient12. effectiveness13. unpretentious14. competence15. campaignExercise 4Directions: Match the phrases with the following sentences. Write your answers on the answer sheet correspondingly.responsiblebeyondcitizenrolehumanitarianluxurytransparentloathoverridepartnershipsenhancesocialnegativeappropriatebalance1 We are committed to keeping those relationships strong by communicating openly about our business practices, being_ about our performance, and remaining accountable for our conduct.2 It is our hope that Kimberly-Clark Corporations contributions, combined with the _ efforts of the worlds aid organizations, will help ease the immediate suffering of the people affected by this tragedy.3 Corporate social responsibility makes good business sense, but companies must _ the goal of good citizenship placed upon them by society with the traditional aim of profitability required by shareholder.4 Corporate citizenship is not a _, especially in difficult times. Its a sensible part of good business.5 Corporate leaders have to think _making profits to how they affect society.6 Corporate social responsibilities do not _a corporations fundamental obligation to make a reasonable return for investors.7 Corporations _is to be good businesses, not to save the planet.8 People expect companies to take on social responsibilities and expect governments to ensure that corporations behave_.9 If companies look after the interests of its customers, employees and society at large, then it is also _shareholder value and benefiting its investors.10 It seems that the growing _role of companies suggests a breakdown in the distinction between politics and business.11 Citizenship takes the work of the people, not just businesses going in and saving the world. It takes the customer, the individual, the_.12 Its a new way to conceive and carry out business, because it suggests _with the folks that live in your businesss community.13 Moreover, the work environment should be one where people at all levels feel that they have support, that managers and coworkers are open to hearing their ideasrather than being consistently _about new ideas.14 You want people to have work that theyre going to find _challenging not so far out of their skill range that they just cant do anything, but certainly something thats going to get them to operate at the top of their skill level, allowing them to really stretch and grow.15 Management gurus are both loved and _by businesses, as they provide insights and visions into the art of management, insights that may, in theory, save companies millions of dollars, or they may introduce concepts that may further confuse and worsen company problems.答案1. transparent2. humanitarian3. balance4. luxury5. beyond6. override7. role8. responsibly9. enhancing10.social11.citizen12. partnerships13.negative14. appropriately15. loathedExercise 7asymmetryexacerbatedvolatilityinterdependenceprismsuccessionstandardizedprosperitychallengesproliferatingblessingsalleviationdisplacedinnovationtap into1. We support economic development and responsible free markets as the most reliable and sustainable strategies for global poverty_.2. Globalization is more than the flow of money and commodities, it is the growing_ of the worlds people through shrinking space, shrinking time and disappearing borders.3. While McDonalds golden arches may be_ in every major metropolis across the world, so, for that matter, are Thai and Vietnamese restaurants.4. As we look at the world through our own _, we tend to forget that we ourselves have dramatically changed in an age of open systems.5. To want to be rooted is a deep human desire, of course, but to be _ and uprooted, alas, is a human conditionMans fate.6. It is widely believed that globally _ product varieties are displacing locally customized ones in many product categories.7. There are at least three fundamental _ of globalization on nations that embrace it: faster economic growth, reductions in poverty, and more fertile soil for democracy.8. Two of the most common complaints against globalization are that it has undermined labor and environmental standards, and that it has _ the gap between rich and poor, both among and within countries.9. If you believe that free markets, operating within a rule of law, are essentially self-regulating and leas, in the words of Adam Smith, “as if by an invisible hand” to a greater general _, then you will tend to see globalization as a blessing.10. _ were incorporated into trade agreements, so that the developed countries could demand that the developing countries take away their trade subsidies, take away their trade barriers, all for the goods in which the industrialized nations hand a comparative advantage.11. While we were t