首字母的做题技巧T

专业引领共成长一、题型背景首字母填空题答题时要求既要使所填的词在语法和语义上正确，又要使其符合短文内容与情景的需要，所给出的词首字母同时起着提示和限定的作用。它不仅考查学生在词汇、语法等方面的基础知识，还考察理解、推导、分析等综合能力。考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这几大词类。二、解题技巧 首字母填空是中考第一大难题，因为它是完形填空的变种，完形填空有四个完整的词汇供选择，而首字母填空只有一个首字母给到提示，所以难度大大增加，但是毕竟是考试题，还是有很多线索提供我们，而放在一个段落里考察，上下语境，以及前后逻辑就成了我们最大的提示。所以，不用担心，跟老师获取首字母填空的通关秘籍吧。首字母填空之解题技巧一：判断词性通过句法分析弄清楚要填的词是在句中充当主语、谓语还是宾语等。如果是主语或宾语，要填的应当是名词或代词；如果是谓语，要填的就应是动词；如果是在名词前作定语或者在系动词后作表语，要填的应当是形容词；如像We _busy. He _fine.之类的句子，busy， fine都是形容词，也就是说句中还无动词，这一定是填系动词be， look等。如果是已经在文章前用方框给出了供选择的单词，通过这样的句法分析，就会将范围大大的缩小，可能就会只剩下一、两个单词了。二：语言逻辑就是利用上下文的意思与结构来填空，这个上下文可能是空格所处的那个句本身的前部分和后部分，也可能是空格前后的那个或那几句子，还有可能前后段落或对整篇文章的理解。有时甚至还要结合常识进行简单的逻辑推理才能准确判断出该填哪个词。1、前后解释呼应Remember that dogs need e . You should take it for a walk every day. Dont keep your dog inside all day.When you buy a dog, an important thing to think about is its s buy a small dog if your home is small and a bigger one if your home is larger。A long time, said the doctor. Maybe for the r 5 of your life. 【2011年上海中考真题】2、连词提示（转折、递进、因果等）Mum used to d 97 us to school, but now my sister and I have started riding our bikes to school. 【2009上海中考真题】We stopped taking long baths and had short showers i 95 . 【2009上海中考】Most sunshine recorders o 102 record direct (直接的) sunshine. Neils is more accurate and this is very important for research into ways of using solar power. Neil plans to keep inventing.【2008年上海中考】三：常识常理Alana was on a diet, but she didnt like it at all. She was not a 2 to eat her favourite food by the doctor.【2011上海中考真题】When people study the weather, its important to be able to record the sunshine accurately. We need to know how many h 101 of sunshine we have and how strong it is.【2008上海中考】 特别提示！1、考虑词形变化 是名词或代词要考虑是该用单数还是用复数；是人称代词是用主格还是宾格；如果是动词就要考虑是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；是谓语动词是主动语态还是被动语态，还要考虑该用哪一种时态；是非谓语动词是用-ing形式，不定式还是用过去分词。等等。切不可一确定是填哪个单词后，就在不作任何考虑的情况下填上去，犯了不该犯的错。 2、注意固定搭配根据空格前后之间的固定搭配关系来分析。如be good at， be interested in， make progress， at least， at most， at last， in this way， pay a visit to， take care of， a lot of， have a population of， get on well with， have a party， give sb. sth. ， ask sb. to do sth. ， be / get used to， spenddoing， sothat等等。首字母阅读高频词汇梳理： 动词A: allowed answer attract appearedB: bring become C: call catch come correct collect closed care completed cleaning changed confuses choose complain causedD: disappeared deal/do decided discoveredE: enjoying encourages exchange end examinedF: finds follow failed followed flew finish falling feelG: giveH: help hurried happened hideI: is including invented improvedJ: judgeK: knownL: leave locked love like learned look live/lead lie loseM: means makesN: named needO: offered openedP: Proved played protect planned payR: refused relax read received realize repair rememberS: spend stopped shout sleep seem showed Suppose spread sell suffered searched stepped saved(saving) swim smell stop smileT: think try talks turning U: used understandV: works want written walking worry形容词A: any angry another active asleep alone B: beautiful best black blue broken betterC: closer certain common cheap confident cold careful crazy/curiousD: daily different difficult E: easy excited (exciting) enjoyable every empty enough everyones/everybodys/each/every F: free few first full G: greater good H: heavy happy highest hungry healthyI: interested (interesting) important impossible形容词K: kind L: less little long (longer) lower M: many/most modern much N: noisy/noisier natural/necessary noO: own otherP: prefect prettier pleased possible popular publicR: right reasonable real rude recentS: safe sorry same special small sick safe sick straightT: two tired traditional these/three thicker thankful topU: useful V: various W: wrong wonderful wise warm worried(2) worseY: young 副词A: along around always almost also according actually again anywhereB: backC: completely carefully/closely D: down E: exactly especially easily even ever F: finally further G: hardly how hardI: inside instead L: luckily lateN: not neverO: only off outsideP: probably Perhaps properlyQ: quietly / quicklyR: really rather S: still Slowly seriously sometimes( soon seldom safely simply SoftlyT: terribly through then togetherU: usuallyW: when well withY: yet代词anyone anything either nothing ones himself herself hers Ourselves others mine myself nothing nobody something self These/They them yourself介词about above between Besides except for from on over than without behind名词A: address actress(actor) amount arrangement area/attraction Army arm(s) B: bus bedroom building C: country culture class customers chance color college D: diseases dream days differenceE: exercise experience example endF: film future friendship flatG: game gradesH: housework happiness hobbies homes/houses history hole hair hopesI: information ideaJ: journey jackets jobL: lesson list living life luck leg lengthM: milk moments (moment) minutes men money messagesN: name number P: popular part problems people/persons performanceR: radio rest responsibility rule reasonsS: summer story smile stars saying surprise side skillsT: trouble thousands types W: writer way wordsY: year连词As(After) and before because but(however) until since unless whether though so that what when/whileD. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容顺畅，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)：（14分）Years ago, I lived in a building in a large city. The building next door was only a feet away from mine. There was a woman who lived there, whom I had never met, y 92 I could see her seated by her window each afternoon, sewing or reading. After several months had gone by, I began to notice that her window was dirty. Everything seen through the dirty window was unclear. I would say to myself, I wonder why that woman doesnt wash her window. It really l 93 terrible.One bright morning I decided to clean my f 94 including washing the window on the inside. L 95 in the afternoon when I finished the cleaning, I sat down by the window with a cup of coffee for a r 96 . What a surprise! Across the way, the woman siring by her window was clearly visible. Her window was clean. I had been criticizing(批评) her dirty window, but all the time I was watching hers through my own dirty window. That was quite an i 97 lesson for me. How often had I looked at and criticized others through the dirty window of my heart, through my own shortcomings (短处) ?Since then, whenever I want to j 98 someone, I will ask myself first, Am I looking at him through my own dirty window? D.Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words: (14 分)In every class there are some students who do very well and some who do not. That doesnt mean that the students who do not do well are stupid. There can be many r 92 why a student does not do well. Perhaps the person is very smart but doesnt write exams very well. Perhaps they are smart b 93 lazy and do not know how to study and dont study hard. Perhaps, in fact, they are not smart at all. The exam results dont really tell you that; they simply tell you how well you have done compared with o 94 students at the same grade level as you are. In other words, exams do not measure (衡量) accurately how smart you are because they cant measure that. However, this is the way the system works and there isnt much you can do with it. If you u 95 that getting good marks on an exam is about how to prepare for and to write exams and not just about what facts you know, it can help you to do b 96 .The good news is that it will be over soon. You are very young and, for you, a y 97 seems like a long time, but compared with the rest of your life, you will finish school and go into the working world soon enough. Getting a good job, of course, depends on having done well in school, so you need to decide that you are going to do well, no matter how h 98 it is.D. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）:（14分）As we know, Xiao Shenyang and Liu Qian did wonderful jobs in tile CCTV Spring Festival Gala. Now many people are c 92 about these two persons. But how much do you know about them? Xiao Shenyang was born in a poor peasant family which is in difficult family conditions (状况). His real name is Shen He. He is an a 93 . He is good at Er Ren Zhuan. He learned acts, following Zhao Benshan. During the school life, he was very active in many activities. He looks like a simple man, but he n 94 stops pursuing (追求) his artistic aspiration (渴望). More and more people like his style (风格) of p 95 , and we hope he can make great progress in the future.Liu Qian is a young magician from Taiwan. At the age of 7, Liu saw a magic toy in a shop. At that moment he began to love and d 96 to learn magic. Liu didnt go to any magic school. He practiced playing tricks every day to improve his s 97 , until one day he was able to put on a show for his class. He saw the surprise on e 98 face, and he felt it was cool. He often does street shows for passers-by, police and farmers. He worked hard at it. Now he is a famous magician.D. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容顺畅，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)：（14分） It was several years since Hitler became head of the state. And his army was going into some parts of Europe. He was then at the t 92 of his career(生涯). One day Hitler went to an exhibition where the works of school children were on show. He seemed to have great interest in the exhibition. After walking round the hall and examining everything, he said he was ready to meet the young artists. And soon a group of children were asked to come out to give him a warm welcome. Well, you did good work, said Hitler with pleasure. Im going to ask e 93 of you a question. If you give me the answer which Im pleased with, I am c 94 to give whatever you want. Then c 95 the questions: What would you wish to be if I were your father? A seaman, one of the boys said. Good. Ill have you join my navy(海军) and some day you will r 96 the whole sea. Ask for anything! What would you wish to be if I were your father? He asked a second boy. An artist as Rembrant. (荷兰画家仑布兰特) Good! You are going to be sent to the Fine Art School and surely you will be made an even greater artist. When Hitler noticed a sad-looking boy. he felt unhappy out of the race prejudices(种族偏见), then quickly forced a s 97 and said, There, my boy, though I hate the Jews(犹太人), I would promise whatever you want. And your wish will be turned into a reality. What would you wish to be if I were your father? The boy looked s 98 at the man and said in a loud voice, An orphan(孤儿)!D.Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words: (14 分)More than half of the people in the world now own a mobile. And most of them think its the most important thing they own. In (92)r_ surveys, people said they could live without their TVs and computers but not without their mobile phones. Most people said that they would rather (93)l_ their wallet than their mobile. Many people said they even took their mobile phone to bed with them . like a teddy bear! Why are people so in love with their mobile phones? Well, according to an article in an American newspaper, a mobile satisfies some needs of the humans. First, Safety, it (94)m_ us feel more secure. Second, Belongingness, we feel connected to other people when we are (95)a_. And third, Esteem, we feel important when others see us using a mobile phone. Many countries are now trying to prevent the use of mobile phones while driving. When people are talking or sending (96)m_ on their mobiles, they become distracted(注意力分散). In America, distracted driving resulted in more than 5,800 deaths last year. We may love our mobiles but there is a time and a place for them to be (97)p_ used. Driving isnt a suitable place and neither is the classroom. Using a mobile in the classroom can result in distracted learning. That may not kill you but it can surely kill your (98)a_. Do care about when and where to use your mobiles!D. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）:（14分）The whole family objected（拒绝）strongly when I said I was going to Europe over the Christmas holidays with a college friend of m_92_. Mother said that since there was going to be a family reunion（团聚）I really o_93_ to stay at home. Although I always enjoyed these occasions（场合）, nobody could persuade me to change my mind.A week before Christmas, my friend and I flew to Madrid and then traveled by train through Spain, France and Germany. On Christmas Eve we arrived at a small town in southern Germany and were greatly surprised to find so many a_94_ in the town. The streets were c_95_ with people, and the shops were full of all kinds of interesting things. We walked around for hours and just before midnight we went to listen to Christmas songs sung by children around the brightly lighted tree in the main square. We returned to our hotel late that night, looking forward to the next day when we planned to have Christmas d_96_ at the best restaurant in the town.However, in the morning no people were to be seen in the street. To make the matter worse, every shop was closed up tight, even the restaurants. We searched uselessly for hours and finally had to return to our hotel feeling unhappy and l_97_. Our Christmas meal was a bag of fruit that my friend had happened to buy the day before. Our thought sadly turned to h_98_. At that moment, our families must have been wishing us a “Merry Christmas”!Moblog is a combination of two words. The first word is mobile, which means a mobile camera phone or camera. The second word is blog, a website for p 92 words and pictures. Typically, mobloggers are people who take photos or videos with their phones and post them on the Internet. Mobolgging has caused a lot of excitement. It has also caused a lot of t 93 .With a picture phone and a moblog, anyone can be a r 94 . Moblogging first got the words attention during a terrorist attack on four London buses. People were posting photos on the Internet many minutes before real reporter could get there. Similarly. Information about car accidents has been broadcast right away.Moblogging is done just for f 95 ,too. Posted on some moblogs you can find photos of friends making funny faces, photos from people traveling, and photos of new babies. Other fun moblogs might be about famous people, pictures of food in restaurants, or new clothes.H 96 , moblogs can be dangerous, too. Not long ago in Korea, a womans dog made a m 97 on the train, but she refused to clean it up, became angry, and left. Her picture was taken and post on the Internet, along with the story of what she did. People all around the country were angry with her. Imagine how she felt! Mobloging can be wonderful, but its really i 98 to post another persons picture on the Internet without asking permission.D. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，首字母已给，每空格限填一词）：（14分） Many British people like to host foreign students because they really enjoy having someone from a different country living in their house and sharing part of their daily life. Students should try to fit in with the everyday life of the household. There may be some difficulties and misunderstandings- on either s 92 - but these can usually be cleared up quickly if you do as following: In your room, you will find a comfortable bed and a table or desk for studying. You should make your own bed and keep your room t 93 . Most homestay families have only one bathroom, so arrange tile most convenient t 94 to take a bath. Always remember to leave the bath clean after use. If you want to use the kitchen y 95 , youd better get your hosts permission first. Dont leave electric heaters or-lights switched on throughout the night or when you are out, a 96 electricity is expensive. It is better to do Some small jobs such as washing the dishes or clearing the table after a meal. British people may eat more potatoes than you are used to e 97 . Tell your host if you dont like them. If you b 98 anything, you should be honest to let your host know as soon as possible and offer to pay for this. If you make good friends while you are here, your friendships could last a lifetime.D. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)：14分THIS MONTHS GOALS FORHELPING TO SAVE OUR PLANET!1. Save electricity2. Recycle3. Save water4. Save gas Week 1 This week, my family tried to save electricity. We never left the lights on when leaving the rooms. We switched off the TV when n_92_was watching it. Mum only use