小升初英语语法

语法及练习,语法及练习1 be动词,Be 动词的用法： (1) Am-was Is -was Are-were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，复数全用are。(2) 肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. (3) 一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you arent. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they arent. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isnt.,用恰当的be动词填空。,1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not. 2. The girl_ Jacks sister. 3. The dog _ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5. _ your brother in the classroom? 6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home. 7. How _ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.,am,Are,am,is,is,is,Is,is,is,is,are,9. Whose dress _ this? 10. Whose socks _ they? 11. That _ my red skirt. 12. Who _ I? 13.The jeans _ on the desk. 14. Here _ a scarf for you. 15. Here _ some sweaters for you. 16. The black gloves _ for Su Yang. 17. This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling. 18. The two cups of milk _ for me. 19. Some tea _ in the glass. 20. Gao shans shirt _ over there.,is,are,is,am,are,is,are,are,are,are,is,is,21. My sisters name _Nancy.22. This _ not Wang Fangs pencil. 23. _ David and Helen from England? 24. There _ a girl in the room. 25. There _ some apples on the tree. 26. _ there any kites in the classroom? 27. _ there any apple juice in the bottle? 28. There _ some bread on the plate. 29. There _ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park. 30. You, he and I _ from China.,21.is 22. is 23. Are 24. is 25. are 26. Are 27. Is 28. is 29. is 30. are,语法及练习2 人称代词和物主代词,人称代词和物主代词 1人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。 2物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。,一.填写代词表主格,二.用所给词的适当形式填空。,1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I )2. The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she ) 3. Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _ . ( I ) 4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he ) 5. _ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _? ( you ),Mymine,hersher,your,mine,He,his,his,Ouryours,7. I can find my toy, but wheres _? ( you ) 8. Show _ your kite, OK? (they) 9. I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it ) 10. Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not _. _ arent here. ( they ) 11. Shall _ have a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom. ( we ) 12. _ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? _ a nurse. ( she ),yours them Its its their they theirs they we our She her She,14. Where are _? I cant find _. Lets call _ parents. ( they ) 15. Dont touch _. _ not a cat, _ a tiger! (it)16. _ sister is ill. Please go and get _. ( she ) 17. _ dont know her name. Would you please tell _. ( we ) 18. So many dogs. Lets count _. ( they ) 19. I have a lovely brother. _ is only 3. I like _ very much. ( he ),they them their it It its Her her We us them He him,20. May I sit beside _? ( you ) 21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _. ( it ） 22.The girl behind _ is our friend. (she )13. That is not _ camera. _is at home. ( he ) 6. Here are many dolls, which one is _ ? ( she ),you it his His hers,语法及练习3 名词复数和动词三单,一、名词复数规则 1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,练习：写出下列各词的复数。,I _ him _ this _ her _ watch _ book_child _ photo _ diary _ day_ foot_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _ box_ strawberry _ thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _ man_ woman_ paper_ people_,二动词三单的变化规则,1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies,练习: 写出下列动词的第三人称单数。,drink _ go _ stay _ come_ make _ look _have_ carry _ fly _ study_ brush_ teach_watch_ pass_,s,has,passes,carries,watches,y- ies,es,语法及练习4 一般现在时,一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍 一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。,一般现在时的构成,1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。,一般现在时的变化,1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?,一般现在时用法专练:,一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often _(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One. 3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays? 7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.,has,are,dont watch,doesnt go,Do , like,do, do,Do , read,teaches,9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There _(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _(like) cooking. 12. They _(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _(do) your homework well. 15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed. 16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term. 20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.,take is likes have looks do am goes does watches have is,二、按照要求改写句子,Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) _ 2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) _4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _ 5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) _,Daniel doesnt watch TV every evening.,Do you do your homework every day? No, I dont.,Does she like milk? Yes, she does.,Does Amy like playing computer games? Yes, she does.,We dont go to school every morning.,6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句) _ 7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问) _8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) _ 9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _ 10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句) _,He doesnt speak English very well.,What do you like doing?,Where does John come from?,Is she always a good student? No, she isnt.,Simon and Daniel dont like going skating.,三、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上),1. Is your brother speak English? _ 2. Does he likes going fishing? _ 3. He likes play games after class. _ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _ 5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _,Does,like,playing,teaches,Doesnt,1、短扁豆，扁短豆，短扁豆是扁短豆，扁短豆是短扁豆。短扁豆又短又扁，扁短豆又扁又短。2、老龙恼怒闹老农，老农恼怒闹老龙。农怒龙恼农更怒，龙恼农怒龙怕农。3、姑姑锄谷谷断姑姑怨谷，舅舅打酒酒漏舅舅怪酒。4、你会糊我的粉红活佛龛，来糊我的粉红活佛龛；不会糊我的粉红活佛龛；别混充分糊糊坏了我的粉红活佛龛。5、瓜蔓开花，瓜花结瓜。要想吃瓜，别掐瓜花。瓜蔓开花花结瓜，瓜花结瓜圆又大。6、短床短，长床长。短床床短床腿短，长床床长床腿长。短床床腿短腿短，长床床腿长腿长。7、锅眉灰黑，黑锅眉灰。锅眉灰描眉眉黑灰黑，锅眉灰不描眉灰黑眉不黑。,语法及练习5 现在进行时,现在进行时 1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为： 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?,一、写出下列动词的现在分词：,run_ swim _put_ sit _ stop_ shop_ ski_ begin_ get_write_ make_live_have_dance_ come _ take_sing _ see_ play_ go_ read_,双写+ing,去e+ing,直接+ing,二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：,1.The boy is drawing a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls are singing in the classroom . 3. My mother is cooking some nice food now. 4. What are you doing now? 5. Look . They are having an English lesson . 6.They arent watering the flowers now. 7.Look! the girls are dancing in the classroom . 8.What is our granddaughter doing? She is listening to music. 9. Its 5 oclock now. We are having supper now 10. Is Helen washing clothes? Yes ,she is .,三、句型转换：,1. They are doing housework now .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) Are they doing housework now ?They arent doing housework now .2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)Are the students cleaning the classroom ?Yes, they are. No, they arent.3Im playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问) what are you doing in the playground?4Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)What is Tom doing books in his study.,1.什么样的路不能走?.(2.小波比的一举一动都离不开绳子,为什么?(3.小王是一名优秀士兵，一天他在站岗值勤时，明明看到有敌人悄悄向他摸过来，为什么他却睁一只眼闭一只眼？ 5.两只狗赛跑，甲狗跑得快，乙狗跑得慢，跑到终点时，哪只狗出汗多? 6.有种动物，大小像只猫，长相又像虎，这是什么动物? 7.猴子每分钟能掰一个玉米，在果园里，一只猴子5分钟能掰几个玉米? 8.一溜（提示：注意谐音）三棵树，要拴10匹马，只能拴单不能拴双,请问怎样栓?9.世上什么东西比天更高? 10.什么贵重的东西最容易不翼而飞? 11.三个金鑫，三个水叫淼，三个人叫众，那么三个鬼应该叫什么?,语法及练习6 将来时,一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本结构：be going to + do； will+ do. 三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?,五、对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。 1. 问人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon. 2. 问干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon. 3. 问什么时候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed? 六、同义句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.,练习：填空,1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. 2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball. What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball. 3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。 _ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit. 4. 你们打算什么时候见面。 What time _ you _ _ meet?,am going to,are you going to,do,am going to,will,will,Is,going to,weekend,is,is,going to,are,going to,5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定） Nancy _ going to go camping. 7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句） _ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句） _ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. 9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问） _ _ she _ _ _ after school? 10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.,isnt,Are you going,Will you,What is,going to,do,Who is,1. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects. 2. What _ (do) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows. 3. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow. 4. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday. 5. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday. 6. I _ (plan) for my study now.,am planning,is going to,flied,will visit,are you going to do,am going to,did,picked,is,going to,is going to watch,catch,语法及练习7 一般过去时,1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。 2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt） are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent） 带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句：didnt +动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday? 疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?,过去时练习：,写出下列动词的过去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _,Be动词的过去时练习,一、用be动词的适当形式填空。 1. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday. 3. They _ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends. 5. The little dog _ two years old this year. 6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here. 7. There _ a sign on the chair last Monday.8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.,am,was,were,are,is,are,was,is,was,was,were,二、句型转换。,1. There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 三、 中译英。 1我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。 _2他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。 _3一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。 _,行为动词的过去时练习,1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night. 3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go) 4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _. 6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _. 8. What _ she _ (find) in the garde