TEM8--翻译及改错题练习.doc

PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) 专八真题：2012年3月专八改错部分真题及答案2The passage contains TEN errorsEach indicated line contains a maximum of ONE errorIn each case, only ONE word is involvedYou should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way: For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a L sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash / and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line. EXAMPLE When A art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) an it never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) never them on the wallWhen a natural history museum wants an exhibition, it must often build it (3) exhibitProofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO as instructed.The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freelyThe argument has been going since at least the first (1) _ century B.CUp to the beginning of the 19th century, many writers favoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _ sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _ the mannerThis is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _ wanted the truth to be read and understoodThen in the turn of 19th (5) _ century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested that the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _ was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _ gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _ literal as possibleThis view culminated the statement of the (9) _ extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov. The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the nature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussedToo often, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified with each otherNow, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains (10) _ 参考答案： 1going后加on2certain改为a certain3rather改为not4is 改为was5in 改为 at6去掉第二个the7view后面加that8去掉 was9culminated后面加in10and 改为but 该文章转载自无忧考网：TEM8英语专业八级考试样题翻译部分11SECTION A: Translate the following underlined part of the Chinese text into English.（原 文）大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等。 所以人们对于大自然，全都一致并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。种植庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，锄草和栽花；在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜，在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌；往日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也就衍传了下来。（参考译文）Equal are the generous gifts granted/distributed (endowed) by Nature to (on) all human individuals, whether they are wealthy or impoverished (be they wealthy or impoverished). Therefore, all human individuals have become unanimously and profoundly indebted to (obliged to, attached to, dependent on) Nature. This is particularly true in rural areas where ways of life have remained intact and unchanged for people for thousands of years-sowing crops and grapes, brewing and drinking wines, grazing and milking cows, hoeing grasses and planting flower-trees, going to churches for religious prayers and services on weekends, playing musical instruments, dancing and singing on squares. The fields in former times are still their present-day homes glowing with human warmth. In such a way, each locality has evolved its own unique folk tales and has transmitted its distinctive habits and customs. SECTION B：Translate the following underlined part of the English text into Chinese（原 文）The word winner and loser have many meanings. When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who makes someone else lose. To us, a winner is one who responds authentically by being credible, trustworthy, responsive, and genuine, both as an individual and as a member of a society.Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be; rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence, and manipulating others. They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask.Winners are not afraid to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge. They can separate facts from opinions and dont pretend to have all the answers. They listen to others, evaluate what they say, but come to their own conclusions. Although winners can admire and respect other people, they are not totally defined, demolished, bound, or awed by them.Winners do not play helpless, nor do they play the blaming game. Instead, they assume responsibility for their own lives.（参考译文）胜者与败者这两个字眼含有众多的意思。当我们将某人称作胜者时，我们并非指他是一个致使他人一败涂地的人。对我们来说，胜者乃这样一位君子，他无论是作为一个个人抑或是作为社会的一份子，一切反应均能由衷而发，做到诚信，可靠，乐善好施，且绝不伪善。胜者不会穷其毕生之精力，去拘泥于某个他们所想象的为人之道；相反，他们会保持其真我本色，并且，作为这种追求真我的仁者，他们不会耗费精力来装腔作势，维持一种自命不凡的姿态，或去操纵他人。他们深知，在爱戴他人和装作爱戴他人之间，在愚顽不化和大智若愚之间，在学识渊博和佯装学富五车之间，实质上存在着天壤之别。胜者断无必要去藏匿于面具背后。胜者无畏于独立的思维和运用其自己的知识。他们能够在事实与舆论之间明辨是非，不会僭称自己无所不晓。他们会倾听他人的见解，对他人所言作出鉴别，而最终所得出的却是其自己的结论。虽然胜者可能会钦佩并敬重他人，但他们不会受制于他人，惧悚于他人，为他人所囿，或被他人所摧垮。胜者绝不耍凄惨无助之把戏，也决不玩委过于人 之游戏。相反，他们会毅然肩负起对自身人生的责任（忍辱负重， 无怨亦无悔）。【改错训练】专业八级改错练习（一）About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries could be avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk _1_pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking _2_University.The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2,000,000 maternal Deaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children _3_within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their _4_families to moderate size.This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternal deaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by _5_the United Nations Childrens Fund and the US Centers for Disease Control respectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high _6_risk categories.The report says that evidences from around the world shows the risk of _7_maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific types of _8_pregnancy; pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old; those after the _9_mot