CCNA 工大CCNA实验解析 实例 06 Enabling Rip.doc

R1Lo 0172.16.1.1/24s1/110.1.1.1/24R2s1/010.1.1.2/24s1/110.2.2.1/24R3s1/010.2.2.2/24Lo 0192.168.1.1/24步骤一：配置各路由器的IP地址，并使用ping命令确认直连接口相互可以ping通。步骤二：使用show ip route查看各路由器的路由表。R1#show ip route查看路由表 Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1目前只有直连路由的路由条目R1#步骤三：配置三台路由器RIP路由。R1(config)#router rip 启用RIP路由协议R1(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0将172.16.0.0网络所在的接口加入到RIP的运行进程中。1 向外通告路由，此接口网络号将被包含。2 同时，通告将从此接口被发出。R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0R1(config-router)#exitR2(config)#router ripR2(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0此处network一次，同时可以包含两个接口。此为主类汇总地址。R2(config-router)#exitR3(config)#router ripR3(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0R3(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0R3(config-router)#exit步骤四：在任意一台路由器PING远端非直连网络R1#ping 192.168.1.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:!此处是可PING通的。为什么？Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 836/1046/1144 msR1#步骤五：查看R1的路由表R1#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnetsR 10.2.2.0 120/1 via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:15, Serial1/1此条目标识为R，表示此条路由是通过RIP学习到。120/1:120为管理路离1为度量值C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1R 192.168.1.0/24 120/2 via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:15, Serial1/1步骤六：查RIP的相关属性R1#show ip protocols Routing Protocol is rip Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 9 seconds30秒的更新周期 Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240第一个180为路由失效时间。第二个180秒为沉默时间第三个240删除路由时间 Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Redistributing: rip Default version control: send version 1, receive any version Interface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain Serial1/1 1 1 2 Loopback0 1 1 2 Automatic network summarization is in effect Maximum path: 4 Routing for Networks: 10.0.0.0 172.16.0.0 Routing Information Sources: Gateway Distance Last Update 10.1.1.2 120 00:00:15 Distance: (default is 120)管理距离步骤七：查看R3的路由表R3#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setR 172.16.0.0/16 120/2 via 10.2.2.1, 00:00:13, Serial1/0是RIP是Classful的路由协议，会在主类的边界自动的汇总.所以24位的网络在此处显示为16位的主类网络路由 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnetsR 10.1.1.0 120/1 via 10.2.2.1, 00:00:13, Serial1/0C 10.2.2.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0R 131.1.0.0/16 120/1 via 10.2.2.1, 00:00:11, Serial1/0C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0步骤八：使用debug命令去观察自动汇总过程R1#debug ip rip RIP protocol debugging is on00:02:04: RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255广播通告 via Serial1/1 (10.1.1.1)00:02:04: RIP: build update entries00:02:04: network 172.16.0.0 metric 1汇总在此进行另外由于水平分隔的规则，向R2仅通告172.16.1.0/24路由00:02:04: RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via Loopback0 (172.16.1.1)00:02:04: RIP: build update entries00:02:04: network 10.0.0.0 metric 100:02:04: network 131.1.0.0 metric 200:02:04: network 192.168.1.0 metric 300:02:05: RIP: received v1 update from 10.1.1.2 on Serial1/100:02:05: 10.2.2.0 in 1 hops00:02:05: 131.1.0.0 in 1 hops00:02:05: 192.168.1.0 in 2 hops00:02:34: RIP: received v1 update from 10.1.1.1 on Serial1/000:02:34: 172.16.0.0 in 1 hopsR1#R1#undebug allR1#undebug ip rip关闭DEBUG步骤九：使用被动接口R3#debug ip rip RIP protocol debugging is on00:02:35: RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via Serial1/0 (10.2.2.2)00:02:35: RIP: build update entries00:02:35: network 192.168.1.0 metric 100:02:35: RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via Loopback0 (192.168.1.1)00:02:35: RIP: build update entries00:02:35: network 10.0.0.0 metric 100:02:35: network 131.1.0.0 metric 200:02:35: network 172.16.0.0 metric 3此处注意R3向回环接口发送更新。但回环没有路由器来接收此更新。那么我们可以使用被动接口，阻止路由通告从回环接口发出。R3#R3#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.R3(config)#router rip R3(config-r