从高考题看What的全面运用.doc

从2005高考题看What的运用作者: 收集于网络2005年山东英语高考试题中有如下一道试题：26Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor_hethoughtwasnotenough.A.whereB.howC.whatD.which此题考查了what引导的宾语从句的用法，what在从句中作主语。所以正确答案为C。what的用法是近几年高考的热点和难点。常见用法如下：一、what用作关系代词，也即连接代词，引导名词性从句,可以作主语、宾语、定语1.引导主语从句例1Whatmadetheschoolproudwasthatmorethan90ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.使学校骄傲的是90的学生被重点大学录取。例2Whatmakesthematterworseisthatitbeginstorain.更糟糕的是开始下起雨来了。2.引导表语从句例3-Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterdaysgame?-Oh,thatswhatmakesmefeelexcited.例4Thecityisnotwhatitusedtobe.这个城市不再是先前的模样了。3.引导宾语从句例5Amansworthlaysnotsomuchinwhathehasasinwhatheis.人的价值不在于他有什么，而在于他是怎样的人。例6Afterwhatseemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.好像过了几个小时以后，他面带苦笑走了出来。二、what用作关系形容词，作定语。意为“所的全部,任何的”；与little、few连用时，其含义多为“虽然少，但把所有的都”例7Thehomeimprovementshavetakenwhatlittlethereisofmysparetime.家庭环境的改善占去了我仅有的一点业余时间。例8Dontworry.IwillgiveyouwhathelpIcan.别担心，我一定尽我所能帮你。例9IwilllendyouwhatfewreferencebooksIcanspare.我愿把我用不着的虽然为数不多的参考书全部借给你。三、what惯用句式：AistoBwhatCistoD（比喻结构）A对B之关系犹如C对D之关系例10Airistouswhatwateristofish.空气对于我们犹如水对于鱼。例11Whatsaltistothefood,witandhumouraretoconversationandliterature.隽语与幽默之于会话与文学，恰象盐之于食物一样。四、what引导插入语,意为“还有的是，加之”例12Heishandsome,andwhatismore,veryrich.他长得很英俊，而且还很富有。例13Heis,whatiscalled,alivingdictionary.他就是所谓的活词典。五、what的强调形式whatever(anythingthat)例14Whatevershedoesisridiculous.她的所作所为都是谎谬的。例15Takewhatevermagazinesyouwanttoread.任何你想读的杂志都可以取阅。六、有关what的某些习语1.Whatabout？(表建议或征求对方意见)怎么样?例16Whataboutgoingtothemovies?2.Whatfor?(=why)(口语)为何,为什么？例17-Susan,willyoupleasegoandemptythatdrawer?-Whatfor?3.Sowhat？(表示不感兴趣或认为不重要)那又怎么样?(口语)4.whatif?/whatthough(表示建议或疑虑等)倘使将会怎么样;即使又怎么样?例18-WhatifImovethepictureoverhere?-Isupposeitwilllookbetter.5.Whatwithand(whatwith).部分因为,部分因为(后面通常接不好的事情)。例19Whatwithoverworkandwhatwithhunger,hebecamesickatlast.一半由于工作过度，一半由于饥饿，他终于病倒了。【高考链接】1.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat_Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.（2004上海春季）A.asB.whichC.whatD.that2.Itisprettywellunderstood_controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.（2003上海）AthatB.whenC.whatD.how3.-Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterdaysgame?-Oh,thats_.（NMET2003北京春季）A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited4._madetheschoolproudwas_morethan90ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.（2003上海春季）A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;because5.Perseveranceisakindofquality-andthats_ittakestodoanythingwell.（2002上海）A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why6.-Ithinkitsgoingtobeabigproblem.-Yes,itcouldbe.-Iwonder_wecandoaboutit.（2002北京春季）A.IfB.howC.whatD.that7.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly_hewants.(2002上海春季)A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that8.Acomputercanonlydo_youhaveinstructedittodo.（NMET2001）A.howB.afterC.whatD.when9.LittleTommywasreluctanttotelltheschoolmaster_hehaddonethedaybefore.（2001上海春季）A.thatB.howC.whereD.what10._shecouldntunderstandwas_fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.（2000上海）A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;that【巩固练习】1Thehurricanedestroyed_wasinthevillage.A.allB.whatC.thatD.allwhat2Thesepictureswillshowyou_.A.whatourhometownlookslikeB.whatdoesourhometownlookslikeC.howourhometownlookslikeD.howdoesourhometownlookslike3.Amansworthlaysnotsomuchin_hehasasin_heis.A.that;whatB.what;whatC.that;thatD.what;that4.Ourcityisnolonger_itusedtobe.A.whichB.thatC.asD.what5._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what6.Pleaseletmeknow_youwantme_.A.whether;todoB.what;doingC.that;doneD.what;todo7Itiscommonlybelievedunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever8.-Susan,willyoupleasegoandemptythatdrawer?-_?A.WhatforB.WhatisitC.HowisitD.Howcome9.-Letshurry,orwewillbelate.-_?Doyoureallywanttolistentothatboringlecture?A.WhatforB.SowhatC.WhynotD.Why10.-_youdid?-No,asamatteroffact,Ididntneedto.A.IsthatwhatB.IswhatthatC.WhatisthatD.Isthatwhich【答案与解析】【高考链接】1.Cat后接宾语从句。当宾语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语时，要用what引导，此句中what作宾语从句的主语。2.Cwhat在此作连接代词，引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。that引导主语从句时，只起引导作用，不作任何成分；when和how分别表示时间和方式，在主语从句中作状语。3Awhat引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。4B解释同第2题。5Awhat在表语从句中作takes的宾语，构成“Ittakessth.todosth.”的句型。6Cwhat在此作连接代词，引导宾语从句，并作从句中do的宾语。7.A这是宾语从句。what作want的宾语。Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlywhathewants.是一句谚语，意思是“永远给予某人他确实想要的东西。”8C解释同第6题。9D解释同第6题。10A主语从句shecouldntunderstand缺少宾语，要用what引导表语从句。fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.是一个完整的句子，根据句意要用why来引导。【巩固练习】1.Bwhat在此作连接代词，引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语;what在此处亦可换为allthat。2.Awhat在此作连接代词，引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语。宾语从句须用陈述句语序。3.B此处的两个what都是连接代词，第一个what在从句中作宾语，第二个what在从句中作表语。4.Dwhat在此作连接代词，引导表语从句，并在从句中作表语。5.A第一个what引导的主语从句作主句的宾语；第