年美赛C题翻译.doc

年美赛C题翻译 One of the techniques to determine influence of academic research is to build and measure properties of citation or co-author networks. 学术研究的技术来确定影响之一是构建和引文或合著网络的度量属性。Co-authoring a manuscript usually connotes a strong influential connection between researchers. 与人合写一手稿通常意味着一个强大的影响力的研究人员之间的联系。One of the most famous academic co-authors was the 20th-century mathematician Paul Erd?s who had over 500 co-authors and published over 1400 technical research papers.最著名的学术合作者是20世纪的数学家保罗鄂尔多斯曾超过500的合作者和超过1400个技术研究论文发表。It is ironic, or perhaps not, that Erd?s is also one of the influencers in building the foundation for the emerging interdisciplinary science of networks,particularly, through his publication with Alfred Rnyi of the paper “On Random Graphs” in 1959.讽刺的是,或者不是,鄂尔多斯也是影响者在构建网络的新兴交叉学科的基础科学,特别是通过与阿尔弗雷德Renyi的出版论文的“随机”在1959年。Erd?ss role as a collaborator was so significant in the field of mathematics that mathematicians often measure their closeness to Erd?s through analysis of Erd?ss amazingly large and robust co-author network (see the website /enp/ ).鄂尔多斯作为合作者的角色非常重要领域的数学,数学家通常衡量他们亲近鄂尔多斯通过分析鄂尔多斯的令人惊讶的是大型和健壮的合著网络网站(见/enp/)。The unusual and fascinating story of Paul Erd?s as a gifted mathematician, talented problem solver,and master collaborator is provided in many books and on-line websites (e.g., http:/www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Erdos.html). 保罗的与众不同、引人入胜的故事鄂尔多斯作为一个天才的数学家,优秀的问题解决者,主合作者提供了许多书籍和在线网站(如。,http:/www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Erdos.html)。Perhaps his itinerant lifestyle, frequently staying with or residing with his collaborators, and giving much of his money to students as prizes for solving problems, enabled his co-authorships to flourish and helped build his astounding network of influence in several areas of mathematics.也许他流动的生活方式,经常保持与他的合作者或居住,并给他的钱来解决问题学生奖,使他co-authorships蓬勃发展并帮助构建了惊人的网络在几个数学领域的影响力。In order to measure such influence as Erd?s produced, there are network-based evaluation tools that use co-author and citation data to determine impact factor of researchers, publications, and journals. 为了测量鄂尔多斯等影响生产的,有基于网络的评价工具,使用作者和引文数据来确 定影响因素的研究,出版物和期刊。Some of these are Science Citation Index, Hfactor,Impact factor, Eigenfactor, etc.其中一些科学引文索引,Hfactor,影响因素,特征因子等。Google Scholar is also a good data tool to use for network influence or impact data collection and analysis. 谷歌学术搜索也是一个好的数据工具用于网络数据收集和分析影响或影响。Your teams goal for ICM2014 is to analyze influence and impact in research networks and other areas of society. ICM2014你的团队的目标是分析研究网络和其他地区的影响力和影响的社会。Your tasks to do this include:你这样做的任务包括:1) Build the co-author network of the Erdos1 authors (you can use the file from thewebsite /users/grossman/enp/Erdos1.html or the one weinclude at Erdos1.htm ). 构建Erdos1 的合作网络You should build a co-author network of the approximately 510 researchers from the file Erdos1, who coauthored a paper with Erd?s, but do not include Erd?s. 你该用文件Erdos1构建大概510位研究员的合著网络This will take some skilled data extraction and modeling efforts to obtain the correct set of nodes (the Erd?s coauthors) and their links (connections with one another as coauthors). 这需要熟练数据提取 并 在建模上下功夫， 以便得到正确的节点和边There are over 18,000 lines of raw data in Erdos1 file, but many of them will not be used since they are links to people outside the Erdos1 network. 文件Erdos1里有1800条原始数据，但很多可能由于不包阔在 Erdos1的网络中而用不上If necessary, you can limit the size of your network to analyze in order to calibrate your influence measurement algorithm. 必要的话，缩小网络以便矫正你的影响力度量算法Once built, analyze the properties of this network. 建完后分析网络性能(Again, do not include Erd?s - he is the most influential and would be connected to all nodes in the network. In this case, its co-authorship with him that builds the network, but he is not part of the network or the analysis.)2) Develop influence measure(s) to determine who in this Erdos1 network hassignificant influence within the network.开发 影响途径 以决定谁在网络中重要 Consider who has published important works or connects important researchers within Erdos1.考虑谁发表了重要文献或者联合了重要的研究员 Again, assume Erd?s is not there to play these roles.3) Another type of influence measure might be to compare the significance of a research paper by analyzing the important works that follow from its publication.另一种类型的测量影响可能比较的意义研究论文通过分析重要的作品,从其出版。Choose some set of foundational papers in the emerging field of network science either from the attached list (NetSciFounda tion.pdf) or papers you discover.选择一些新兴领域的基础性文件网络科学从附表(NetSciFoundation.pdf)或论文你发现。Use these papers to analyze and develop a model to determine their relative influence. 使用这些文件来分析和开发一个模型来确定它们的相对影响力。Build the influence (coauthor or citation) networks and calculate appropriate measures for your analysis.构建的影响(合著者或引用)网络和计算分析适当措施。Which of the papers in your set do you consider is the most influential in network science and why?论文在你设定你认为是最具影响力的网络科学,为什么?Is there a similar way to determine the role or influence measure of an individual network researcher? 有类似的方式来确定个体的作用或影响测量网络研究员?Consider how you would measure the role, influence, or impact of a specific university, department, or a journal in network science?考虑如何测量作用、影响或影响特定大学的部门,或在网络科学杂志吗?Discuss methodology to develop such measures and the data that would need to be collected.讨论开发这些措施和方法需要收集的数据。4) Implement your algorithm on a completely different set of network influence data - for instance, influential songwriters, music bands, performers, movie actors, directors, movies, TV shows, columnists, journalists, newspapers, magazines, novelists, novels, bloggers, tweeters, or any data set you care to analyze.一套完全不同的网络上实现算法影响的数据例如,影响力的作曲家,音乐乐队,表演者,电影演员、导演、电影、电视节目、专栏作家、记者、报纸、杂志、小说,小说,博客,推特,或者任何你愿意分析的数据集。You may wish to restrict the network to a specific genre or geographic location or predetermined size.您可能希望限制网络特定类型或地理位置或预定的大小。5) Finally, discuss the science, understanding and utility of modeling influence and impact within networks.最后,讨论科学、理解和建模的影响和影响在网络的效用。Could individuals, organizations, nations, and society use influence methodology to improve relationships, conduct business, and make wise decisions? 可以个人、组织、国家和社会使用影响方法改善人际关系,做生意,和做出明智的决定吗?For instance, at the individual level, describe how you could use your measures and algorithms to choose who to try to co-author with in order to boost your mathematical influence as rapidly as possible.例如,在个体层面,描述如何使用你的措施和算法选择谁试图与合著者为了尽快提高你的数学的影响。Or how can you use your models and results to help decide on a graduate school or thesis advisor to select for your future academic work?或你如何使用你的 模型和结果来帮助决定毕业学校或导师的选择为你的未来学术工作吗?6)Write a report explaining your modeling methodology, your network-based influence and impact measures, and your progress and results for the previous five tasks.写报告解释你的建模方法、基于网络的影响和影响的措施,和你之前的五项任务的进程和结果。The report must not exceed 20 pages (not including your summary sheet) and should present solid analysis of your network data; strengths, weaknesses, and sensitivity of your methodology; and the power of modeling these phenomena using network science.报告不得超过20页(不包括你的汇总表),应提供确凿的网络数据的分析,优势,劣势,和灵敏度的方法,建模这些现象使用网络科学的力量。*Your submission should consist of a 1 page Summary Sheet and your solution cannot exceed 20 pages for a maximum of 21 pages.*您的提交应该由一个1页汇总表 您的解决方案不能超过20页最长21页。This is a listing of possible papers that could be included in a foundational set of influential publications in network science.这是一个可能的论文清单,可以包含在一组基本的有影响力的网络科学出版物。Network science is a new, emerging, diverse, interdisciplinary field so there is no large, concentrated set of journals that are easy to use to find network papers even though several new journals were recently established and new academic programs in network science are beginning to be offered in universities throughout the world.网络科学是一个新的、新兴、多样化、跨学科领域所以没有大型、集中组易于使用找到的期刊网络报纸,尽管一些新的期刊最近网络科学的建立和新的学术项目正开始在世界各地被提供在大学。You can use some of these papers or others of your own choice for your teams set to analyze and compare for influence or impact in network science for task #3.您可以使用其中的一些文件或其他你的选择你的团队的设置来分析和比较影响或影响在网络科学任务# 3。Erd?s, P. and Rnyi, A., On Random Graphs, Publicationes Mathematicae, 6: 290-297,1959.Albert, R. and Barabsi, A-L. 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