高中英语讲义全集(北师大版)

Language points of Unit 1,1. suppose vi. / vt. 表示“猜想；认为；设想”，,Prices will go up, I suppose. 我觉得,They suppose that hell agree.,be supposed to do / be sth. 应该，理应,Youre not supposed to walk on the grass.,根据汉语意思和英文提示完成下列句子，每空一词。,1. 她认为现在改变想法太晚了。,She _ _ it was too late to _ _ _.,supposed,that,mind,change,her,2. 他们应该2点钟到达这里。,They_ _ _arrive here at two.,are/were,supposed,to,2. go off （闹钟）响;（枪）开响; 爆炸,The alarm clock went off at six oclock.,The gun went off by accident.,The firecracker went off with a bang.,go off well / badly进行得很顺利/糟糕,Their plan went off very well.,The interview went off very badly.,3.stand,1) Dont just stand there do something！2) An old tree once stood here.3) The train standing at platform 3 is for London.4) I cant stand waiting here all the time.,1) 站立 2) 位于（某处） 3) 停靠 4) 忍受,4. support vt “支持/撑；养活” ; n“支持；支撑物”.,If you raise it at the meeting, Ill support you.,The chair wont support his weight.,It is not fair to let Mary support the family.,The suggestion got much support.,Put a support under it.,The president had lots of supporters.,5.volunteer,The road cost the villagers nothing; it was built by the volunteers.,n. 志愿者,He volunteered his services as a driver.,vt. 自愿做,She volunteered a great deal of good advice to us on how to learn English.,vt. 主动告诉,He volunteered for military service.,vi. 自愿做,Tom volunteered to help me to water the flowers after school.,to to do 自愿做某事,6. otherwise,The house is a bit small, but its very nice.,adv 除此之外，在其他方面,Their plane was late but they had a good trip.,Hurry up, youll be late.,conj: if not, or,Take a taxi, youll miss your train.,He was very busy yesterday; otherwise he would have come to the party.,The atmosphere acts as a screen to protect us from harmful rays that would beat down on the earth and make life impossible. adv,Language points of Unit 2,1. explore vt. & vi. 探险；探讨；考察,They decided to explore the Arctic regions.,We explored several solutions to the problem.,As soon as they arrived at the town they went out to explore.,察看周围环境,explorer n. 探险者；勘探者；考察者,exploration n. 探索；勘探；探究,即学即练 用explore的适当形式完成下列句子。1. Christopher Columbus was one of the great _.2. They are planning to have a journey of _ into China.,explorers,exploration,3. Please _ all the possibilities before you make a decision.,explore,2.wave vt 意为“挥手示意；摆动；挥动”。,She waved me a greeting.,她向我挥手致意。,He waved his hand to us cheerily.,vi 意为“挥手；摆动；飘动”。,Why did you wave at him?,The flag waved in the wind .,n 意为“波浪；挥手；起伏”。,The waves rolled on.,He gave us a wave as the bus drove off.,We saw the golden waves of wheat in the field.,3. let out,请猜猜下面句子中let out的意义。1. It lets sunlight in and doesnt let heat out.2. Hes getting so fat that his trousers have to be let out round the waist. 3. They think the thief was very tall so that lets you out.4. When she fell off the bike, she let out a cry of pain.5. Mike accidentally let out that he had stolen the money.,1. 放出 2. （把衣服）放大，放长，放宽 3. 使某人解脱 4. 发出（声音）5. 泄露（秘密）；不留神说出,4. found v. 建立；创立；创办,The factory was founded in 1992.,They invested a lot of money to found a research center.,founder n. 创办人;创立者 foundation n. 基础；根基,即学即练 用 found的适当形式完成下列句子。1. The huge track shook the _ of the house.2. He was one of the _ of the company.3. The rich man _ a hospital and a school in the town.,1. foundation(s)2. founders 3. founded,5.march n. & v. 行军；行进,The troops marched against the enemy.,After a long march, they arrived at the destination.,6.promote vt. 促进；推销；提升,The government took measures to promote foreign trade.,The band has gone on tour to promote their new album.,促进对外贸易,宣传他们的新唱片,The inductor was promoted to professor.,被提升,promoter n. 赞助人；发起者；支持者promotion n. 升级；促进；推销；提升,即学即练 用promote的正确形式完成下列句子。1. The boss _ him to the post of chief accountant last month.2. He is the _ of the new company. 3. Because of his hard work,he got a _.,promoted,promoter,promotion,injury，harm，hurt，wound,injury意为“伤害；损害；伤口”，指由于某种行为造成的对精神上、身体上的损害，有时与介词to连用。,harm意为“危害；害处”，是口头用语，用途广泛，指肉体或精神上的损害，有时也指引起不便或不安的感觉。是不可数名词。,hurt 意为“伤害”，指对精神、感情的伤害，前面可加不定冠词。,wound 意为“（身体上的）伤，伤口”，一般指外伤，多指武器造成的伤。,1. The soldier received two _ in the battle. 2. He got serious _ to the arms at work.3. It was a _ that would take a long time to heal.4. Staying up late does _ to your health.,wounds,injuries,hurt,harm,Lesson 1&2,Unit 3 Celebration,1.celebrate v庆祝 n celebration,This National Day will be d by the Chinese people. They held a party to their victory.,Well hold a celebration for our winners.,In celebration of this National Day, many people are practising their performances.,celebrated:famous The West Lake is for its beauty.,2. be said / believed/ supposed to据说,He is said to have gone abroaad.= It is siad that he has gone abroad. He is said to go abroad.=,She is said to be working on a new play.= It is said that _ _ _ on a new play.,He is believed to be honest.=It is believed that ,3. include : to have as a part vt. 包括, 包含,Please include me in the list.,Does the price include breakfast?,All of us will go camping, including Jack(Jack included).,I have got three days holiday, _ New Years Day. There is a list on the desk, my name _.,4.mark vt “标志；做标记；打分数”。,The big red cross on the building marks a church here. Prices are marked on the goods.,I have 100 essays to mark tonight.,不及物动词时，意为“做记号”。He marked carefully on each desk.作名词时，意为“标志;分数;污迹;记号”。,The mark of a civilized society is that it looks after its weakest members.,He had good marks in the exam.,He left dirty marks all over the kitchen floor.,There is a mark on the wall.,1)计算机的发明标志着一个新的开始。2)这个鸡蛋盒标上了“小心”字样。3)我每周至少要花六个小时批改作业。,1)The invention of the computer marked a new beginning.2) The box of eggs was marked with “Care”.3) I spend at least six hours a week marking.,4. take part in 参与; 参加。指积极主动地参与或参加运动、比赛、活动等。,Are you going to take part in the experiment?,We take an active part in the sports.,take part in，join，join in和attend的区别：,Ill persuade him to join our club.,My brother joined the army three years ago.,join in 参加(某活动); join sb. in和一起（做某事）,He never joined in the usual sports of the boys.,Would you please join us in the discussion?,attend vt. 出席；上（学，课）,He did not attend the meeting yesterday.,Marys father insisted that she attend a law school.,你准备参加最近要举行的运动会吗？,Are you going to take part in the coming sports meet?,我们将去听篮球讲座。,Well attend a basketball lecture.,你愿意和我们一起去散步吗？,Will you join us in a walk?,我们要参加哪个俱乐部？,Which club shall we join?,5.serve 1) v to work or do a useful job(for) 2)vt to offer(food) for eating or drinking,Serve the people,heart and soul.,She serves the family as a cook.,He has served in the army for ten years.,Breakfast is served until 9 a.m.,They served us (with) delicious food.,6. apply作及物动词，意为： 应用;实施 (+to),The new technology was applied to farming., 使起作用；使适用(+to),This rule cant be applied to every case.,作不及物动词,意为“申请, 请求”.apply (to sb.) for sth.,He has applied to the publisher for a post in a publishing house. application,7. depend on,1) How much a person can earn at this work depends on his skill. 2)You may depend on me to be there early. 3)Health depends on good food, fresh air and enough sleep.,1) 根据，靠决定 2) 信赖，指望 3）依赖于,It (all) depends. / That depends. 意为“这都难说，得看情况”，在口语中经常用到。,Sometimes were busy and sometimes were not. It all depends.,Are you going?That depends.,1)结果将取决于你如何解决这个问题。2) “你多长时间去看一次电影？” “得看情况。”,1)The result will depend on how you work out the problem.2) How often do you go to the cinema?It (all) depends. / That depends.,Language points of L 3&4,1. even if /though P40 : no matter if 即使,纵然,Even if we can afford it,we wont go abroad for our holidays.,Even if you know the secret, you should keep silent.,Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _ they knew it to be valuable. A. as if B. now that C. even though D. so that,There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, _ she was an only child. A. ever sinceB. now that C. even though D. even as,2.close adj 1) near 2)near in relationship 3)careful,The church is close to the shop.,Hes one of my closest friends.,The police kept a close watch on the prisoners.,Sit close against the wall.(adv),Shes always been very close about her past life. 守口如瓶,This will be a close match.势均力敌,The library is closed on Wednesday afternoon.,3. contribute (oneself) to sth. contribution n make contribution to sth/sb捐献、捐赠；捐(钱) He contributed a lot of food and clothes to the poor.他为穷人捐了很多的食品和衣服。,(2) 献身于有助于,促进/成 He contributed himself to doing research.投身于,(3) 投稿, 撰稿。 He contributed a poem to a newspaper.他向报社投了一篇诗稿。,Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.,(4) 贡献 They have made great contributions to (defending) the country.,He made great contribution to the invention of computer.,锻炼使身体更健康。,Exercise contributes to better health.,他已经给这个组织捐了5万元了。,He has already contributed 50,000 yuan to the organization.,4.be about to 将要，即将，正打算。 表达的是最近的将来，侧重于表示动作马上就要发生，且不与具体的时间状语连用。be about to dowhen,Be quiet, please. The meeting is about to begin.,The boy was just about to begin but someone spoke first.,Hurry up. The train is about to start.,1) I found that we agreed on the question/date. 2) I find it impossible to agree to your terms/plan. 3) I dont agree with you.4)We agreed to leave at once.5) Your story agrees with his in everything.(与一致)6) The fruit didnt agree with me.(适宜) 7) They agreed that they would contribute $100,000.,5.agree + to-v(that)/on/with/to-n,6.put up 1) to raise,build建造,搭起 2) to put in a public place 张贴3) to increase抬高,提高4)为提供膳宿 put up with: bear忍受,They put up some houses last year.,Some companies put up posters to sell goods.,The government has put up the price of rice.,I am afraid I cant put you up; youll have to go to a hotel.,7. stay (awake): v to continue to be停留,保持,Can you stay for dinner? stay at home/in bed,The shop stays open until 11 p.m.,I cant put up with your rudeness any more.,She stayed awake for a long time last night.,Dont stay up late . Or youll be sleepy in class.,8.follow 1) to come or go after跟随,随后,You go first and Ill follow (you) later.,The dog always follows its master.,He went to town, followed by his dog.,The dog went to town,following its master.,2) to go after in order to catch 跟踪,I think were being followed.,3)to come next in order接着,The number 5 follows the number 4.,Disease often s war.,I didnt quite you.领会,He ed his sisters example and went to university.以为榜样,Please my advice.听从,Follow the instruction on the packet.按照,遵循,Language Points of L1&2,Unit 4,1.come true P,阅读下列句子，体会come true在句中的意思，并注意come true前面不同的主语。,1) She couldnt believe that her dream would ever come true.2) They hope that the wishes will come true.3) The good things weve been hoping for are actually coming true.,come true常用来表达梦想、愿望等的实现，没有被动语态。不能说 “sb come true sth.”或“sth. be come true”，只能说“sth. comes true”或 “ make sth. come true”。,4) Some predictions in the past have come true.,A. Vocabulary,他的话真的实现了。,What he said really came true.,总有一天我成为电影明星的梦想会实现的。,Some day my dream of becoming a film star will come true.,只要你尽力，我确信你的梦想会实现。,Im sure your dream will come true if you try your best.,2. affect Pv 1)influence 使发生变化 2) to cause feelings of sorrow,anger love etc,in使感动,Smoking affects health. The noises outside the classroom affect our study.,She was deeply affected by the news of his death.,Changes in climate certainly affect peoples lives.,3.attack L16,P8v,n 1) to use violence (on),esp. with weapons攻击/打,进攻,The enemy attacked (us) at night.,2)to speak or write strongly against 抨击,非难,He gave a powerful speech attacking some policies.,3) to harm,spoil,trouble damage侵袭/害/扰,The disease attacked the crops.,Their behaviors have attacked our benefits.,The enemy attack came at night.(n),He sometimes suffers from a heart attack.,4.offer L24,P8 vt. & n. 提供；主动提出；出价,In that case wed better not offer an opinion.提意见,My father has offered to take us to the airport.,I must say the offer of a weekend in Paris quite attracts me.在巴黎过周末的提议,Ill offer you 10 pounds for this book.出价,Ill make you an offer of $5 for it.我出价5美元买它。,这个工作给我们提供了学习的机会。,The job offers us an opportunity to learn.,她要付款，我同意了。,I accepted her offer to pay.,5.as if/though L46,P8 连词,仿佛, 好像,It sounds as if shes been really ill.,I couldnt move my legs- it was as if they were stuck to the floor.,She treated the girl well as if she were her own child.,He shook his head as if to say no.,The last bus has gone it looks as if well have to walk,6.action Ex9,P9 U/C 行动/为,动作,We have to take immediate action.(U),We must take actions to prevent the spread of disease.(C),Actions are more important than words.,7. reject P v 1) to refuse to accept拒绝,抵制,不受2）to throw away as useless or imperfect丢掉,抛弃 n rejection,The prime minister rejected the suggestion.,Ive been rejected by all the universities I applied to.,I applied for a job as a teacher in a local school, but I _. He was upset by her _ of his offer.,Please reject the bad apples/old ideas.,8. get in touch with Ex3,P11 和取得联系,The two friends got in touch with each other by telephone.,lose touch with 和失去联系keep in touch with与保持联系；了解,I used to see him but we have lost touch.,It is important to keep in touch with the latest research.,他们一直和我保持联系。,They always keep in touch with me.,他所教过的学生似乎没有一个和他失去联系。,No student whom he has taught seems ever to lose touch with him.,我今天下午曾试图与你取得联系。,I tried to get in touch with you this afternoon.,9.be up to(介词) Ex6,P11,1) What is her sister up to now?2) This man isnt quite up to the job.3) It is up to you to decide.4) The final choice is up to him.,a. 胜任；能b. 从事于, 干（某事） c. 由决定d. 应由（某人）做某事,1-b 2-a 3-d 4-c,去看看那些女孩子在干什么。,Go and see what those girls are up to.,你什么时候做由你决定。,When you do it is up to you.,10 .hang on Ex6,P11不挂断; 坚持,Hang on! Ill see if shes here.,Its hard work but if you hang on youll succeed in the end.但是如果你坚持的话你最后会成功的,别挂断！我一会儿就来！,Hang on! Ill be back in a minute.,你一定很累了，但是要努力坚持到所有的工作都完成。,You must be very tired, but try to hang on till all the works finished.,B. Difficult sentences,In 1983, there were only 200 computersconnected to the Internet.,= which were connected to the Internet.,做定语，表示被动,It is surprising that there were 3oo gold coins buried underground. = which were buried underground.,There are so many people watching the big fire in the street. =who are watching the big fire in the street.,2. It is clear that we are going to see an explosion of shopping on the Internet.（主语从句,that不可省）,It is . that .句型中it 为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。,It was obvious that he was ill.,Its a pity that you couldnt come.,1) 本句型中作谓语的动词可以是be，也可以是seem (to be), appear （to be）等。,It seems (to be) true that she is innocent.,It appears (to be) unlikely that he will take theposition.,2) 除that从句外，其他连接词引导的从句也可以作真正的主语。,It wasnt very clear what she meant.,It remains unkonwn when they are going to get married.,It is not yet clear whether he will come.,C. Grammar will, be going to, Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain. In your opinion, which book will sell best in this summer?, 客观迹象 主观看法, I have dreamed to be a doctor, so I am going to study medicine. Daddy, please. I cant do the homework on my own. Its too difficult.All right, I will help you with it., 事前考虑 临时想法,一、自我归纳,二、will和be going to 的辨析, will表示以直觉为依据对未来的主观看法，而be going to表示以现在出现的某些事实或迹象为依据，显示将要发生某事。如：,Which film do you think will rank No.1 in the box office this week?,Her face is pale. Shes going to faint., will 表示在说话时临时有的做某事的想法，而be going to则表示说话前已考虑过要做某事。如：,(The policemen are chasing after a thief at a crossing.) Where has he gone? OK, I will take this way and you will take the other.,The government is going to take measures to bring down the house prices., will还可以表达承诺、主动给予、要求或邀请。如:,If you need any help, I will always be there.Can anybody look after the baby?I will. Will you come to my birthday party?,Language Points of L3&4,Unit 4,1.suggest Pvt. 建议，提议, 暗/显示，常用结构suggest doing sth. 建议做某事suggest sth. 建议suggest that . (should ) do . 建议（某人）做某事,Mike suggested a different plan.,I suggest doing it in a different way.,I suggest that she (should) have lunch now.,Her expression suggested that she was anger.,His suggestion that she have lunch now is good.,New research suggests that success is not simply the result of a high IQ.,2. historical L32,P12 adj. 历史(上)的, 有关历史的,a historical person历史人物 ; many important historical documents许多重要的历史文件,historical通常涉及历史、史学、过去的事实。如：historical research史学研究; historical novels历史小说;historical sites。,historic通常用于表示具有重要历史意义,historic buildings有历史意义的建筑; a historic day /moment具有历史意义的日子/ 时刻。,1) Today is a _ occasion for our country.2) I found that your cultural and _ knowledge developed rapidly.,3. in future vs. in the future L24,P12,仔细阅读下列句子，注意in future 和 in the future的区别。1)People who made great contributions to the development of society will not be forgotten by human beings in the future.2) Could you be more careful in future? 3) In future Im going to check every single piece of work that you do.4) Who knows what will happen in the future？,in future指今后的时间段，表示“从现在开始”，即“今后，从今以后”；in the future指今后的整个时间段时相当于in future，但它经常用来指将来的某个时间点，表示“未来、将来”。,4.But I still find it hard to imagine.L37,P12,本句句型结构为：主语 + 及物动词 + it + 形容词 + 动词不定式。其中it为形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语。,我发现有时候很难拒绝。,I find it difficult to refuse sometimes.,很多学生认为英语很难学。,Many students think it very hard to study English.,People felt it impossible for man to fly into outer space many years ago.,多年以前，人们觉得人类不可能飞入太空。,我认为有责任说明真相。,I consider it my duty to tell the truth.,你觉得这篇文章好懂吗？,Do you think it easy to understand this article?,种种烦恼使她不能专心学习。,All these worrie