外研版高中英语必修五Module3.doc

必修五Module3单词、1account nC叙述；报告；账目；账户vi.(for)说明的原因；(在数量、比例方面)占归纳拓展(1)on account of(because of) 因为，由于on no account (not on any account) 决不，绝对不(位于句首时，句子主谓部分倒装)take account of sth.(take o account) 考虑(顾及)某事take no account of sth.对某事不予注意(2)account to sb.for sth.对于向某人作满意的交待account for sth.解释某事的原因例句：She retired early on account of ill health.她体弱多病，所以提前退休了。We must take everything into account before the exam.在考试之前，我们必须把各种情况都考虑在内。On no account must you go there.你决不可以去那里。Can you account for your absence?你能为你的缺席作出解释吗？【链接训练】Id _his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community，and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.Atake into account Bmake up forCaccount for Dmake out【解析】考查“take into account 考虑到，顾及”这一固定短语。【答案】A2lie v说谎；躺；位于n谎言归纳拓展(1)lielaylainlying 躺，位于(vi.)lieliedliedlying 说谎(vi.)laylaidlaidlaying 放置；产卵(vt.)(2)tell a lie/lies撒谎a big lie弥天大谎white/black lies善意/恶意的谎言(3)lie to sb.向某人撒谎lie on ones back/side/stomach仰卧/侧卧/俯卧lie in 在于lie用作不规则动词(lie，lay，lain)时，表示“躺”，“(东西)平放”，“位于”等意。lay the table 摆放桌子(准备吃饭)lay aside set aside 放在一边(4)lie 后可跟由介词 in，to，on 等构成的介词短语，表示不同方位。lie in 在地域范围内lie to 在地域范围外lie on/upon 毗连或邻近；在河畔或海滨例句：In order to avoid being punished，he told a lie.为了逃避惩罚，他撒了谎。Lie down and let me examine you.躺下，让我给你检查一下。The town lies on the coast.这个小镇位于海滨。The little boy lying on the ground lied that his cock laid an egg.躺在地上的小男孩撒谎说他的公鸡下了一只蛋。【链接训练】The boy _ on the bed _ his mother and said that he had already _ the table.Alying；lied to；lain Blied；lay to；laidClay；lied to；laid Dlying；lied to；laid【解析】lie作为“平躺”解释的时候，其现在分词为lying；作为“撒谎”解释的时候，其过去式为lied；lay意为“放置”，其过去式和过去分词均为laid，故答案为D。3curious adj.好奇的，渴望知道的，爱探究的，奇怪的归纳拓展(1)be curious to do sth.好奇地去干某事be curious about sth.对某事好奇Its curiousthat.是奇怪的(2)curiosity n好奇心out of curiosity出于好奇例句：Im curious to know what he said.我很好奇他说了什么。It is curious that he wasnt admitted into Qinghua University though he got a very good mark.真奇怪，尽管他成绩非常好，但是没有被清华大学录取。The letter wasnt addressed to me but I opened it out of curiosity.这封信不是写给我的，但是出于好奇，我把它打开了。【链接训练】People have always been curious _ how living things on the earth exactly began.Ain Bat Cof Dabout【解析】句意为：人们一直对地球上的生物起源感到好奇。be curious about意为“对感到好奇”。【答案】D4disturb vt.扰乱，打扰，搅乱disturbed adj.心神不安的，心烦意乱的disturbing adj.引起烦恼的，令人不安的同类辨析disturb与interrupt(1)disturb 打扰，扰乱；妨碍，但不一定使中断。例如：disturb the peace扰乱治安(2)interrupt 打断，中断，阻断，往往使中断。例句：I hope Im not disturbing you.希望我不会妨碍你。We interrupt this programme to bring you a news flash.我们中断节目，报告新闻快讯。【链接训练】He put his oars in the water and _ the smooth surface of the lake.Adisturbed Binterrupted CStopped Dmade【解析】disturb the smooth surface of the lake“打破了湖面的平静”。【答案】A5warn vt. 警告，提醒，告诫归纳拓展(1)warn sb.of/about/against sth.警告/提醒某人注意warn sb.(not) to do sth.提醒某人(不)做某事warn sb.that 提醒某人；事先通知warn sb.off sth.劝不要做；建议停止做(2)warning n提醒，警告adj.警告的，预告的例句：I tried to warn him not to smoke，but he wouldnt listen.我设法警告过他不要吸烟，可他就是不听。We have been warned of our behaviour in class.我们已经被提醒要注意我们在课堂上的行为表现。He warned us against pickpockets.他提醒我们要提防小偷。【链接训练】Mrs Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking.Anever to drive Bto never driveCnever driving Dnever drive【解析】考查 warn sb.not to do sth.“警告某人不要做某事”，此处用 never 替代 not。【答案】A6determined adj.坚决的归纳拓展(1)be determined to do 侧重指有决心的状态，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。(2)be determined 所接的 that 从句中谓语动词用(should)动词原形。(3)determine to do sth.与 be determined to do sth.二者意思基本一样，所不同的是，前者指当时决定的动作，后者着重于有决心的状态。determine是非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用；be determined 是一种延续状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。不能说：He determined to do it for a long time.但可以说：He was determined to do it for a long time.例句：She determined to finish the work all by herself.She made up her mind to finish the work all by herself.她决心独自一人把那项工作做完。Im determined to succeed.我决心要获得成功。【链接训练】_to train his daughter in English，he put an ad like this in the paper，“_，an English teacher for a tenyearold girl”ADetermined；wanted BDetermined；wantingCDetermine；wanted DDetermining；wanting【解析】be determined to do sth.表示“下决心做某事”；wanted表示“招聘(英语教师)”。【答案】AWhat about the person?Seldom in all my life_such a_person.AI met；determiningBI have met；determiningCdid I meet；determinedDhave I met；determined【解析】考查倒装和determined的用法。句意为：这个人怎么样啊？我一生几乎没有见过这么有决心的人。seldom几乎不，否定副词，位于句首时，采用倒装语序，排除A、B项；根据时间状语in all my life可知采用完成时态，故排除C项；又determined意为“有决心的，具有决定意义的”，故正确答案为D项。短语1run away 逃走；逃脱；逃避；躲开归纳拓展run around(with)和经常在一起例句：He ran away from home at the age of thirteen.他十三岁时离家出走。You cant just run away from the situation.这事你没法回避。【链接训练】Having walked in the desert for several days，we felt exhausted，but we had to find the water available before the water we had in the bottle_.Aran out of Bran awayCran out Dran off【解析】run out是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物等名词；run out of是及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语一般是人。根据题意可知答案为C。【答案】C2set.in 设置背景；将背景设置在归纳拓展be set in(多以被动形式)以为背景set back 推迟；延缓，阻碍set about (doing sth.) 着手干某事set up 创立，建立set fire to.纵火烧例句：The film is set in the USA in the 19th century.这部电影是以19世纪的美国为背景。The writer set the play in 17th century Spain.作者把这部戏的背景设置在17世纪的西班牙。We need to set about finding a solution.我们得着手寻找一个解决方法。【链接训练】Her second novel，The Mountain Lion，_Colorado where she grew up.Awas set in Bwas taken place inChappened Doccurred【解析】考查固定短语be set in“以为背景”。take place 没有被动语态；happen，occur 是不及物动词，不能接宾语，故 B、C、D 三项不合题意。【答案】AWhy was professor Liu thundering in the classroom yesterday?A students interrupting his speech_the burst of his anger.Aset upBset outCset aboutDset off【解析】考查动词词组辨析。答句句意为：一个学生打断他的演讲引发了他的愤怒。set up“建立”；set out“出发，开始着手”；set about“开始着手”；set off“引发，使爆炸”。【答案】D句型1“It looks as if itll go under soon，” Jim said，after a couple of minutes.过了几分钟吉姆说：“看起来好像不久它就要沉下去了。”(1)sb./it looks as if /as though 从句，意思是“看上去某人或某事物好像要”。这时 as if /as though 引导的从句作表语。例句：He looks as if he were ill.他看上去像生病了一样。(虚拟语气)(2)as if/though “好像”，主要用于状语从句和表语从句中，从句与事实不一致时，谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示现在和将来的情况用过去式，表示过去情况用过去完成时。但当前面有系动词look，seem，taste，smell，keep，sound等时，如果表示的可能性较大，与事实较一致时，谓语动词可用陈述语气。例句：There are many black clouds in the sky.It looks as if it is going to rain.天空中有很多乌云，好像要下雨了。(真实)He opened his lips as if to say something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。【链接训练】It is raining hard，as if it _ never stop.Awould Bwould notCwill Dwill not【解析】此题为在状语从句中考查虚拟语气，根据句意可知选A，表示与将来事实可能相反的虚拟语气。【答案】AHe stopped and looked back as if _ whether he was followed.Aseeing Bhaving seenCto have seen Dto see【解析】as if可用于省略句中，如果as if引导的从句是“主语系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词。此处用动词不定式表示目的。C项to have seen 时态不合适。【答案】D2He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only to find that there were no boats for South America.他身无分文地到新奥尔良时，却发现那里没有开往南美洲的船了。归纳拓展在本句中only to find.是不定式结构作结果状语的用法。另外，不定式结构所引导的结果状语常表示出人意料的结果，而v.ing形式所引导的结果状语常表达自然结果。例句：The man hurriedly returned home，only to find he had left his key in the office.这个人匆匆忙忙地回到家，结果发现他把钥匙落在办公室里了。He went to swim in the river nearby，never to come back again.他去附近的河里游泳，结果再也没有回来。The heavy snow lasted 3 days，making the airport closed.大雪持续下了三天，致使飞机场不得不关闭。【链接训练】Dinosaurs have completely died out on the earth，never_again.Ato be seen Bbeing seenCseen Dhaving been seen【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意为：恐龙已经在地球上全部灭绝，再也看不到了。句子主语dinosaurs与see之间为被动关系，且see的动作发生在die out之后，故用to be seen表达结果。【答案】AThe old man came_to railway station，only_the train was slowly pulling out of the station.Aand ran；found Brunning；findingCrunning；to find Dto run；finding【解析】空一考查现在分词短语作伴随状语；空二是only to do不定式结构作结果状语。句意为：这个老人一路跑到火车站，却发现火车已经缓慢地驶出了站台。【答案】C语法1动词不定式作宾语和宾语补足语(1)可接动词不定式作宾语的动词：afford，agree，desire，dislike，expect，hope，learn，decide，refuse，manage，fail，pretend，offer，promise，choose，plan，want，wish等。例句：He persuaded me to accept the invitation.他说服我接受了邀请。We agreed to meet at the school gate.我们一致决定在校门口集合。注意：若作宾语的不定式有自己的宾补，则用形式宾语it替代不定式，将真正的宾语不定式后置。例句：He found it difficult to get along with her.他发现很难与她相处。动词tell，advise，show，teach，find out，decide，discuss，learn，forget，know等，后面常用wh从句作宾语。例句：He didnt know whether to laugh or to cry when he heard the words.当他听到这番话，他不知道是该笑还是该哭。(2)动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法：下列动词的宾语后常用不定式作宾补：ask，tell，invite，force，get，beg，allow，help，wish，want，like，hate，prefer，intend，expect，encourage，advise，persuade，permit，remind，warn等。see，look at，notice，watch，observe，hear，listen to，feel，make，let，have 等这些词后的不定式常省略to。例句：I saw him get on the truck and drive it off.我看见他爬上卡车把卡车开走了。(2)动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法：下列动词的宾语后常用不定式作宾补：ask，tell，invite，force，get，beg，allow，help，wish，want，like，hate，prefer，intend，expect，encourage，advise，persuade，permit，remind，warn等。see，look at，notice，watch，observe，hear，listen to，feel，make，let，have 等这些词后的不定式常省略to。例句：I saw him get on the truck and drive it off.我看见他爬上卡车把卡车开走了。【链接训练】Did you turn off the lights before you leave the computer room?Oh，I forget_them off.Ill go to do it.Ato turn Bhaving been turnedCto have turned Dturning【解析】考查forget后接动名词和不定式作宾语时的区别。由答语“哎呀，我忘记把灯关掉了，我这就去关”，可知forget后应接不定式，表示“忘了干某事”。【答案】A2现在分词作宾语补足语(1)现在分词作宾补具有以下特点：动作正在进行；整个动作过程中的一部分；瞬间情景。例句：When I passed his room，I heard him singing.我经过他房间时听见他正在唱歌。(2)以下动词只用现在分词作宾语补足语：start，smell，catch，find(发现)，keep 等。例句：I cant start the car working.Can you help me?这辆车我发动不起来。你能帮我吗？(3)现在分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别能接动词不定式(不带to的不定式，即动词原形)和现在分词作宾语补足语的动词。口诀：一感：feel；二听：hear，listen to；三让：let，have，make；四看：see，look at，watch，observe。现在分词表主动或正在进行，动词原形表主动和完成。例句：I heard her sing an English song just now.刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱英文歌。例句：The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进。Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.母亲让我去商店买了些盐。【链接训练】Why did you go back to the shop?I left my friend _ there.Awaiting Bto wait Cwait Dwaits【解析】句意为：你为何回商店去了？我让朋友在那儿等着我。leave sb.doing 表示“使某人处于某种状态”，且这一动作持续一段时间，故选A。Excuse me sir，where is Room 301?Just a minute.Ill have Bob _ you to your room.Ashow Bshows Cto show Dshowing【解析】have sb. do sth.意为“让某人干某事”。【答案】A3过去分词作定语和表语过去分词和现在分词作定语和表语的区别主要有：(1)语态上：动词ing 形式表示主动；动词ed形式表示被动。时态上：动词ing 形式表示的动作往往正在进行；动词ed 形式表示的动作已经完成。(2)除上述区别外，动词ing 形式作定语时所修饰的通常是指事或物的名词；作表语时，它的主语也通常是事或物。而动词的ed 形式作定语时所修饰的通常是指人的名词；作表语时它的主语也通常是人。例句：Hearing the exciting news，she was too excited to say a