过去分词的规则变化和不规则变化.doc

过去分词的规则变化和不规则变化构成规则构成主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(done)1规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。（然而要注意的是，过去分词并不是过去式）work-worked-worked,visit-visited-visited(2)、以不发音的“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。live-lived(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 y 变为 i ，再加“ ed ”。study-studied-studied,cry-cried-cried,(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。stop-stopped-stopped,drop-droppeddropped2.过去分词不规则变化表一、AAA型，即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。（共9个）costcostcost cutcutcut hithithit hurthurthurt letletlet putputput readreadread(read的原形和过去式、过去分词读音不同1) set-set-set shut-shut-shut二、ABB型，即过去式、过去分词相同。（共41个）1过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。（4个）bringbroughtbrought buyboughtbought thinkthoughtthought fight-fought-fought2词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t。（4个）buildbuiltbuilt lendlent lent sendsentsent spendspent spent3过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。（2个）catchcaughtcaught teachtaughttaught4把-eep、-eel变为-ept、-elt。（3个）keepkeptkept sleepsleptslept sweep sweptswept5把-ell变为-old。（2个）telltoldtold sellsoldsold6把-ell、-ill变为-elt或-ilt。（4个）smellsmeltsmelt spellspeltspelt feelfelt felt spillspiltspilt7把-eed、-ead、-eet变为-ed或-et。（4个）feed-fed-fed lead-led-led speed-sped-sped meet-met-met8过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。（3个）learnlearntlearnt meanmeantmeant spoilspoiltspoilt9过去式、过去分词词尾去y变-id（4个）saysaidsaid paypaidpaid laylaidlaid hearheardheard10改变元音字母。（11个）meetmetmet feed-fed-fed getgotgot sitsatsat findfoundfound holdheldheld spitspatspat shineshoneshone winwonwon hanghunghung dig dugdug loselostlost11改变辅音字母。（4个）makemademade build-built-built send-sent-sent spend-spent-spent12改变元、辅音字母。（4个）leaveleftleft standstoodstood have（has） hadhad understandunderstoodunderstood三、ABC型，即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。（共37个）1iau变化。（7个）beginbeganbegun drinkdrankdrunk sing sangsung ringrangrung swimswamswum sink sanksunk spring-sprang-sprung2词尾为-ow，-aw时，过去式将其变为-ew，过去分词在其原形后加n。（5个）blowblewblown drawdrewdrawn grow grewgrown knowknewknown throwthrewthrown（show除外）3词尾为“i+辅（1个）+e”，过去式将i变为o，过去分词多在原形后加n，若那个辅音字母为d或t，须双写d或t后加n。（4个）（give，hide除外）drivedrovedriven writewrotewritten ride roderidden riseroserisen4过去分词在过去式后加n。（1个）wakewokewoken5过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。（2个）get-got-gotten forgetforgotforgotten6过去分词由原形加（e）n构成。（6个）bewas（were）been eatateeaten fallfellfallen givegavegiven seesawseen hidehidhidden（hid）7词尾为-ake时，过去式将其变为-ook，过去分词在原形词后加-n。（2个）taketooktaken mistakemistookmistaken8原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。（6个）dodiddone flyflewflown gowentgone lielaylain showshowedshown wearworeworn9词尾为-eak时，过去式将其变为-oke，过去分词在原形词后加-n。（2个）breakbrokebroken speakspokespoken10词中间为“oo+辅（1个）+e”或“ee+辅（1个）+e”，过去式将oo、ee变为o，过去分词在原形词后加-n。（2个）choosechosechosen freezefrozefrozen四、AAB型，即过去式和原形相同。（1个）beatbeatbeaten五、ABA型，即过去分词和原形相同。（3个）1.词中间为“o+辅（1个）+e”时，过去式将o变为a。（2个）comecamecome becomebecamebecome2.uau变化。（1个）run ranrun六、情态动词型，(除must外)只有原形和过去式，没有过去分词。（4个）cancould maymight willwould shallshould must 既没有过去式也没有过去分词动词原形 过去式 过去分词arise arose arisenawake awoke/awaked awokenbe was/were beenbear bore borne(携带)/born(出生)beat beat beatenbecome became becomebegin began begunbefall befell befallenbend bent bentbet bet betbind bound boundbite bit bitten/bitbleed bled bledblend blended blentbless blessed blestblow blew blownbreak broke brokenbreed bred bredbring brought broughtbroadcast broadcast/broadcasted broadcast/broadcastedbuild built builtburn burnt/burned burnt/burnedburst burst burstbuy bought boughtcast cast castcatch caught caughtchoose chose chosencleave clove/cleft cloven/cleftcling clung clungclothe clothed/clad clothed/cladcome came comecost cost costcreep crept creptcrow crowed/crew crowedcut cut cutdare dared/durst dareddeal dealt dealtdig dug dugdo did donedraw drew drawndream dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreameddrink drank drunkdrive drove drivendwell dwelt dwelteat ate eatenfall fell fallenfeed fed fedfeel felt feltfight fought foughtfind found foundflee fled fledfling flung flungfly flew flownforbid forbade/forbad forbiddenforecast forecast/forecasted forecast/forecastedforget forgot forgottenforgive forgave forgivenfreeze froze frozengainsay gainsaid gainsaidget got gottengild gilded/gilt gildedgird girded/girt girded/girtgive gave givengo went gonegrave graved graven/gravedgrind ground groundgrow grew grownhang hung/hanged hung/hangedhave had hadhear heard heardheave heaved/hove hesved/hovehide hid hiddenhit hit hithold held heldhurt hurt hurtkeep kept keptkneel knelt kneltknow knew knownlade laded ladenlay laid laidlead led ledlean lesnt/leaned lesnt/leanedleap leapt/leaped leapt/leapedlearn learnt/learned learnt/learnedleave left leftlend lent lentlet let letlie lay lainlight lit/lighted lit/lightedlose lost lostmake made mademean meant meantmeet met metmelt melted meited/moltenmistake mistook mistakenmisunderstand misunderstood misunderstoodoutgrow outgrew outgrownovercome overcame overcomeoversee oversaw overseenpay paid paidprove proved proved/provenput put putquit quitted/quit quitted/quitread read readrend rent rentride rode riddenring rang rungrise rose risenrive rived riven/rivedrun ran runsaw sawed sawn/sawedsay said saidsee saw seenseek sought soughtsell sold soldsend sent sentset set setsew sewed sewn/sewedshake shook shakenshave shaved shaved/shavenshear sheared sheared/shornshed shed shedshine shone shoneshoe shod shodshoot shot shotshow showed shown/showedshrink shrank/shrunk shrunk/shrunkenshrive shrove/shrived shriven/shrivedshut shut shutsing sang/sung sungsink sank/sunk sunk/sunkensit sat satslay slew slainsleep slept sleptslide slid slidsling slung slungslink slunk slunkslit slit slitsmell smelt/smelled smelt/smelledsmite smote smittensow sowed sown/sowedspeak spoke spokenspeed sped/speeded sped/speededspell spelt/spelled spelt/spelledspend spent spentspill spilt/spilled spilt/spilledspin spun/span spunspit