形容词讲解及练习.doc

【考点聚焦】 形容词是用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、特征、状况或属性的词。在中考中，形容词考查热点主要集中在以下几点： 1、考查形容词的句法功能及其位置。 形容词在句中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语。作定语时，常放在所修饰的名词之前；形容词作表语，常位于be, become, smell, seem, look, get, feel, turn, grow等系动词之后。 2、考查形容词的构成。 某些形容词的构成是有一定的规律可循：（1）名词+ful；（2）名词+y；（3）动词+ing；（4）动词+ed；（5）名词+ly；（6）形容词+ly；（7）名词+al；（8）名词+n/ian。 3、考查形容词的特殊语序。 （1）形容词修饰something, anything, everything等复合不定代词时要后置。（2）几个形容词修饰同一个名词时，其语序为：限定语(a/an/the, my/this)+描绘性形容词+“大型（形）新式（色）国产材料”+名词中心词。其中“大”表示大小、长短、高低，年龄的形容词、“型（形）”表示形状的形容词；“新”表示新旧的形容词；“式（色）”表示颜色的形容词；“国产”表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词；“材料”表示物质材料的形容词。（3）enough在句中的位置是放在名词前，形容词、副词之后。（4）else只能作后置定语，修饰疑问代词what, who, whom, whose和不定代词something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody等。4、考查形容词的比较等级。 （1）比较级和最高级的构成形式，一般词尾加-er或-est，部分双音节和多音节词前加more和most，某些单词的不规则变形要特殊记（2）几种句式。甲乙若是一个样，用asas上，甲不如乙加not；两者相比用than连接；三者或三者以上比较用最高级，并和in或of连用。（3）含有介词短语.of the two时，要用比较级，且比较级前要加the；表示“越来越”时，要用“比较级+and +比较级”形式，若比较级是“more+原级”构成的，需用“more and more+原级形式”； 表示“越，就越” 时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”形式；形容词的最高级前必须加the，但最高级前已有物主代词、名词所有格修饰时，the要省去；可以修饰原级或比较级的修饰语；比较级和最高级间的互变形式。 【策略指导】 一般说来，考查形容词的常见题型有选择填空、单词拼写、句型转换和汉语句子翻译等。做这类题时，必须首先了解形容词的构成及各自的用法、比较等级的演变，并根据题意选准级别及各种句式间的互变规律等。【考例剖析】1. Dont eat the meat. It smells _. （2005 山西）A. terrible B. badly C. delicious D. good 剖析：smell 在句中是系动词，意为“闻起来”，后接形容词作表语，先可排除选项B；由上文“不要吃那肉了”这句话可以推出下文意思为“它闻起来有些不太好了”，表示“不好的”，用terrible。答案：A2. To protect environment is _ to take care of our lives. （2005烟台）A. important B. as important as C. more important D. the most important剖析：题干意思是“保护环境和保护我们的生命一样重要”，表示的是双方在重要程度方面相等，所以用“as+形容词原级+as”的结构。答案：B3. It is _ cheaper and _ enjoyable to travel by train than by plane. A. much, far more B. very, very much C. more, much more （2005 四川）剖析：此题主要是考查形容词的修饰语。very和more不能修饰形容词比较级，先可排除选项B和C；形容词enjoyable的比较级形式为more enjoyable；much和far可以修饰形容词比较级。答案：A4. So _homework really makes the students feel tired. (2005 河北)A. much B. many C. little D. few剖析： homework 是个不可数名词，many和few只能修饰可数名词，因此这两项可以排除。根据句子的意思，C项是不符合实际的。答案：A5. Sam isnt _ than Ben. They are the same. (2006 北京海淀) A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest剖析：本句表示的是两者间的比较，所以应该使用比较级形式。答案：B 实地演练】I.根据句子意思，用所给词的适当形式完成句子。1.This street is one of the _（busy）streets in the city of Shenyang.2.Which is the _（hot）month in Taiwan?3. Jack is much _（tall）than Peter. 4. Houses in some cities now are much _(expensive) than before. 5. When winter comes, the days get (short and short).II.选择填空。（ ）6. He was ill yesterday, but he felt _ today. A. well B. good C. best D. better（ ）7. Though he is _at home, he doesnt feel _, for he has many things to do. A. alone, alone B. lonely, lonely C. alone, lonely D. lonely, alone（ ）8. Every minute there is _ going on here. A. exciting something B. something exciting C. exciting anything D. anything exciting（ ）9. One day they crossed the _ bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old（ ）10. She seems a _ waitress. Yes, each of us always feels _ with her good manners and service. A. pleased, pleased B. pleasant, pleasant C. pleased, pleasant D. pleasant, pleased（ ）11. The population of China is _ than _ of any other country in the world. A. more, the moreB. more, that C. larger, the one D. larger, that（ ）12. Of the two Australian students, Jenny is _ one, I think you can find her. A. taller B. the taller C. tallestD. the tallest（ ）13. This park is less _ than that one. A. beautiful B. beautifuler C. more beautifulD. most beautiful（ ）14. My _ sister who works in the bank is two years _ than I. A. younger, older B. older, elder C. elder, elder D. elder, older（ ）15. Liu Xiang is one of _ players in the world. A. good B. betterC. best D. the best（ ）16. He has _ money in the team. A. littler B. the littlestC. the least D. less（ ）17. English is her daughters _ subject of all. A. favourite B. most favourite C. the most favouriteD. more favourite（ ）18. Do you know which is _ river in the world? A. the two longB. the two longest C. the second long D. the second longest（ ）19. Our school is becoming _. A. more beautiful and beautiful B. more and more beautiful C. more beautiful and more beautiful D. beautiful and beautiful ）20. Is maths _ than physics? No, maths isnt so _ as physics. A. more difficult, difficult B. more difficult, easier C. difficult, more difficult D. easier, more difficultIII. 根据所给汉语，完成英语句子，每空词数不限。32.今天比昨天热得多。Its _ _ today than yesterday. 33.印