unit1 动词不定式.doc

RevisionI. 用下列短语的正确形式填空。adapt to adapt from in other wordsmake fun of after all out of breath keep ones word1) He has promised to help you and Im sure he _. 2) This novel _the Russian original for radio.3) Dont blame him too much. _, he is a small child.4) Its bad manner _ the disabled people.5) We ran so fast that we were _. 6) He is quick _ new circumstances.7) Your performance in the driving test didnt reach the required standard_, you failed.II. 根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。1. 他们请他走人, 也就是说, 他被解雇了。(in other words)2. 我一路跑到学校, 上气不接下气。 (out of breath)3. 他有他的缺点, 但总的说来, 他是一个好孩子。(all in all)4. 我不喜欢别人在公共场合取笑我。 (make fun of)5. 发现自己的建议被拒绝了他很失望。(find +宾补) Grammar：动词不定式I. 辨别下面不定式在句子中充当的成分:1. It is good to help others. 2. It is my ambition to make sure that the disabled people in our neighborhood have access to all public buildings. 3. My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up. 4. I dont have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. 5. I am the only student in my class to have a pet snake. 6. A big company has decided to buy it from me. 7. My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am. 8. I have had to work hard to live a normal life. 9. Some days I am too tired to get out of bed. 10. We must call on local government to give financial assistance to disabled people. 一. 不定式在句中的功能1. 作主语:1) 那样做是很幼稚的. To act like that is childish. 为避免句子出现 “头重脚轻”现象，常用it 做形式主语，将真正主语的不定式后置。e.g. 要学好英语不是那么容易的。It is not easy to learn English well.2. 作宾语他答应不把这事告诉任何人。He promised not to tell anyone about it.常接不定式做宾语的动词有：afford, agree, aim, arrange, ask, attempt, begin, bother, care, choose, continue, dare, decide, demand, expect, fail, hate, hope, learn, long, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, prefer, prepare, promise, prove, refuse, want, wish等.1) 不定式有时和连接代词/副词构成宾语。 你记得哪一条路到那儿吗？Do you remember which way to get there?下一步干什么你决定了吗? Have you decided what to do next? 我来问他怎么样开这机器。Ill ask him how to operate the machine.2) 有时不定式由whether引起。I didnt know whether to laugh or cry about it.3) feel, find, judge, make, think, believe, consider 等动词后如果是不定式做宾语，补语是形容词(间或是名词)，常用it作形 式宾语，把不定式后移。 I find it difficult to work with him.3. 作宾语补足语: 动词+宾语+带to的不定式 Father will not allow us to play on the street. My brother asked me to clean the room with him.常带 to 的不定式做宾语补足语的动词有: ask, beg, prefer, help, promise, wish, want, expect, permit, request, allow, command, tell, invite, cause, encourage, warn, advise, persuade, force, order, remind, teach, 等. 在主动结构中, 下列动词后作宾补的动词不定式应省略to: “五看”(see, watch, notice, observe, look at)“三使”(make, let, have) “两听”(hear, listen to)“一感觉”(feel)。e.g. Who made him work all night long? The policeman saw a child play in the street. Dont make the children do such heavy work. 但是, 改为被动结构后, 应补出省略的to。e.g. 1) He was seen to break the window.2) The policeman saw a child play in the street. A child was seen to play in the street by the policeman.二. 不定式的否定结构：不定式的否定结构多由“not +不定式”构成，否定副词 not, never, seldom, hardly 等要置于to前。1) 请告诉你的小孩不要在街上玩耍。Please tell your child not to play in the street.2) 她检查名字为了不犯错误。She checked the names so as not to make mistakes.三. 不定式的时态：1.一般时表示的动作, 有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生, 有时发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后。 1) He seems to know this.他似乎知道这事。 2) I hope to see you again. 我希望再见到你。2. 完成时表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 1) 很抱歉给了你这么多麻烦。Im sorry to have given you so much trouble.3. 一般进行时表示的动作正在进行, 与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 1) 他好象正在吃什么东西。He seems to be eating something.4. 完成进行时表示的动作从过去开始并延续至说话的时候。 1) 据说她研究这问题有好多年了。 She is said to have been working on the problem for many years. 1. 用所给动词的正确形式填空1. All I am trying to do is _(clear) all the rubbish here. 2. After _(think) everything over, she decided _(not resign) her post. 3. Youd better _( not get) annoyed at this ignorance. 4. All of us are satisfied, since everything seems _(go) on smoothly.5. It might be better _(try) _(discuss) in his language as he isnt used to _(speak) in English yet. 6. If you couldnt get anything _(open) the beer bottle with, why not _(try) _(open) it with your teeth?7. He ran all they way to the station only _(find) the train had left. 8. -Did he manage _(carry) the truck upstairs?-No, he didnt. He isnt strong enough even _ (move) it. 9. She remembered _(pass) on most of the information, but she forgot _(mention) one or two of the most important facts. 10. His attempt _(solve) the problem failed again. 11. The enemy was reported _(run) away two days before. 2. 语法填空While English is getting more and more important in your schools, Chinese has become popular among foreign kid. But Chinese can be more difficult _1_(learn). Many foreign kids thinks that Chinese characters have too many strokes, but they still want to learn it. Some South Korean students begin to learn _2_(write) the language on their first day at school. _3_(help) students learn Chinese, South Korean holds popular speaking competitions for high school students every year. The Chinese Ministry of Education _4_(say) in the interview yesterday that last year nearly 33 million people from 85 countries _5_ (learn) Chinese. Some even try _6_(write) and draw in a Chinese way. China _7_(develop) so fast that foreign countries intend _8_(un