cet 写作攻略.doc

1 研究提纲四级写作都是提纲式写作， 可以采用对应法按照中文提纲分别写成三段。提纲：1） 有人认为淡水是取之不尽的。（雨水、河水、井水） 2） 实际上淡水是非常紧缺的。（人口增加、工业用水增加） 3） 我们应该怎么办？Generally, people think that fresh water is inexhaustible. Every year there is enough rain. And there is plenty of fresh water in the rivers and lakes. Whats more, we have a lot of underground water.Actually, fresh water is in a short supply. Due to the rapid population increase, fresh water consumption remains great. Besides, with the development of industry, more water is needed. Moreover, a lot of our rivers and lakes have been so polluted that water from them is undrinkable.We must take some measures to solve the problem of water shortage. First, population growth should be slowed down to reduce fresh water demand. Second, pollution should be controlled to purify fresh water in the rivers and lakes. What is most important, we should cherish every drip of water in our daily life.提纲：1） 有人认为钱是幸福之本（source of happiness） 2） 有人认为金钱是万恶之源(root of evil) 3） 我的看法。Some think that money is the source of happiness. Once they have money, they will enjoy everything. They can use the money they have to buy, a beautiful house or even a wife.Some others think that money is the root of all evil. Due to the greed for money, people will do various kinds of evil things, such as stealing, robbing or even murder. Money can easily change a kind, honest man into a cruel, cunning woe.In my opinion, both of the above-mentioned viewpoints go to an extreme. Money itself is neither good nor evil. It all depends on how we look at it.We can not deny the importance of money in the modern society. Meanwhile, we should not ignore the fact that something can not be bought by money, such as friendship, true love and so on.2 、 首段的写作1首段的写作首段的写作方式一般为：运用事实性信息、调查或故事等引出话题，2）导入主题，然后提出自己的观点，也就是文章的论点1） 谚语法As the saying goes, Money makes the mare go, but there are many things we cant buy with money, such as time and true love. 2） 提问法通过提问一个或一连串的问题，可以激发读者的兴趣，从而引出主题。Do you like money? Does money means happiness? Among money and happiness, and health, which one do you value the most? 3） 概括法 指先总结文章内容所涉及的现状，然后引出主题。In recent years, with the development of social economy, the topic “whether money means happiness” aroused heated discussions. Some people. While the others. Practice: 标题：Can Schoolchildren Start Using the Internet?提纲：1）随着科技的发展，网络越来越普及； 2）网络有其优点但也有缺点； 3）我的观点3 、首尾的写作1） 重述或总结主题 结论处以另外一种表达方式重申主题，与首段照应。Internet can help our children know the world, get useful information and enrich their knowledge. So I think schoolchildren can start using the Internet.2） 提出建议As we all know, the next century will become one of the Internet.Internet will become more and more important in both our daily life and our work. So I suggest that schoolchildren should start using the Internet.3） 概括总结Internet can help our children know the world, get useful information and enrich their knowledge. So I think schoolchildren can start using the Internet. In a word (In conclusion/ In summary/ To sum up / In short), the Internet is playing a more and more important role in our life and it is helpful for childrens growth both physically and mentally. It is better for them to start using the Internet as early as possible.4） 引用名人名言 4转承语的使用 过渡衔接 逻辑关系1) 比较对照比较：like A, B Just as A, B A, similarly/correspondingly, likewise/in the same way, B 对照： Unlike/ Contrary to/ As opposed to A, B A , however/on the other hand/in contrast, B A , B, however/on the other hand/in contrast, 2)列举First/ Second (Next) / Third (Then)/ Last (Finally), The fist/ The second/ The third/ The last (The final)Firstly/Secondly/Thirdly/Last(Finally)One/Another/Still another/The lastThe most essential/most important/primary/chief is 3) 因果as a result, consequently, therefore, hence, so, because of this, for these reasons, due to the fact that4）起的常用语When asked about/ When it comes to/ Faced with , some people claim/think/argue/believe that , but/while others (differently)Nowadays there is much/general discussion as to .With the development/improvement/growth of ,Now, it is commonly/widely/increasingly believed/thought/held/acknowledge that ,According to a recent survey/investigation/poll, Have you ever thought/wondered ?Suppose As the saying goes, 5) 承的常用语Those who hold .It is true that To be sure First/Firstly The main/leading/underlying/root/ primary/chief/essential .承接上文的方式与文章的段落结构有关，比较的与列举的不同，与举例的也不同。同学们应根据具体的情况选择适当的承接语。3）转的常用语It sounds like a good(attractive) idea (suggestion), but they fail to understand (see, noticeThere is probably an element of truth in the arguments (ideas), but they ignore a more important (basic) fact Closer examination (analysis), however, suggests (shows) that this argument (claim, idea) may not be borne of (supported) by the following evidence (facts, examples, statistics).Close (careful) examination (analysis) of these arguments (ideas, suggestions), however, would reveal (suggest, prove) how flimsy (不足信的，不严密)(fallacious（靠不住的）, groundless（没有根据的）) they are.However logical (sound, forcible(有说服力) these arguments may be, they dont make sense (only skim the surface of the problem) when is viewed the other way (taken into consideration).As opposed to (Contrary to) the widely (commonly, generally) held idea (belief, view), new studies (facts) challenge (fail to justify) the opinion (view).Good/Superior/Wonderful as ., it has its own disadvantages/ it brings its own problems.They may be right about , but they seem to neglect /fail to mention/take into account In all the discussion and debate over , one important/basic fact is ignored/overlooked/neglected.It is true that/ Admit