9B Unit4 Natural disasters分析.doc

9B Unit 4 Natural disasters知识目标必记单词 earthquake n.地震badly adv.严重地;厉害地pool n. 水坑；水塘dead adj. (因为缺电)不运行的 notice v. 注意到；意识到immediately adv. 马上；即刻flood n. (使)灌满水；淹没 alive adj.活着；在世pass v. 通过 stare v. 盯着看；凝视；注视 awake v. (使）醒来 missing adj. 失踪的常考短语 pass by通过；经过 stare at盯着看；凝视；注视for now暂时have no time to do不愿为 stick with持续；坚持 in surprise惊讶地 have no time to do 不愿为-花时间；没有时间做重点语法it作形式主语的用法Reading要点全解1. What other natural disasters can you think of?你还能想到其他什么自然灾害？（教材第50页） think of意为想起，想到；认为。I cant think of his name.我想不起他的名字。【拓展】What do you think of. ?是固定句型，意为你觉得怎么样？，相当于 How do you like. . . ?What do you think of the film? = How do you like the film?你觉得这部电影怎么样？2 Because he is interested in the North and South Poles.因为他对南北极感兴邀 (教材第50页） be interested in意为对感兴趣，后面跟名词或动名词作宾语。The boy is interested in science.这个男孩对科学感兴趣。They are interested in playing computer games.他们对玩电脑游戏感兴趣。一言辨异 Mike is very interested in the interesting book. 迈克对那本有趣的书非常感兴趣。3. Last week in Geography class,we learnt that if all the ice in the North and South Poles melted, sea level around the world would rise， and many cities would be flooded and disappear.在上周的地理课上，我们学习到如果南北极所有的冰都融化了，全世界的海平面就会丄升，许多城市将被淹没并消失。（教材第51页） rise不及物动词，意为上升，上涨。The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳东升西落。Prices rise every day in those countries.那些国家的物价天天上涨。【拓展】raise及物动词，意为使升起，举起。Heavy rain raised the river.暴雨使河水水位升而。We must raise the living standards of the people,我们必须提高人民的生活水平。 flood此处用作及物动词，意为(使）灌满水；淹没。flood还可以作名词，意为水灾；洪水，可以用great，big等词修饰。The river flooded the valley.河水淹没了山谷。More than 70 people were killed in the floods. 70多人在洪突中丧生。4.What would happen if our city was badly Hooded?如果我们的城市严重淹水，将会发生什么事？（教材第51页） happen不及物动词，意为发生；出现。其主语通常是事物。The traffic accident happened outside his house.这起交通事故发生在他的房子外面。What happened? 发生什么事了？【拓展】sth. happen(s) to sb.意为某人发生了某事。A bad accident happened to him.他出了严重的事故。happen to do sth.意为碰巧做某事。I happened to see my friend in the shop.我碰巧在商店里见到了我的朋友。It happens+that从句意为碰巧，可以与happen to do sth.进行同义句转换。It happened that I had no money yesterday. =I happened to have no money yesterday. 碰巧昨天我没有钱了。 badly副词，意为严重地；厉害地；拙劣地;槽糕地。The old man was badly ill.那个老人病得很斥害。He played the piano badly.他钢琴弹得很差。【拓展】 badly的形容词形式为bad，意为坏的，差的。两者的比较级和最高级都是 worse与worstThe meat tastes bad. Youd better throw it away.这肉尝起来坏了 ，你最好把它扔掉。Tony did worse than Jim.托尼做得比吉姆更差。5. Would anyone remain alive7还会有人活着吗？（教材第51页） remain此处用作连系动词，意为一直保持；仍然处于某种状态，后面可接形容词名词、动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式或介词短语。How can we remain silent on this question?在这个问题上我们怎么能保持沉默呢？【拓展】remain作不及物动词时，相当于stay，意为停留；留下。She improved, but she remained in the hospital for another week.她的病情好转了，但她在医院又待了一星期。 remain作不及物动词时，还意为剩下；还有。A number of problems remain to be solved.有许多问题尚待解决e alive形容词，意为活着的，在世的。Is the old man alive now?那位老人现在还健在吗？6. Last night! I dreamt about a great flood:昨天晚上，我梦到一场大洪水：（教材第51页) dream此处用作不及物动词，意为梦见。dream作动词时，主要有以下含义：(1)做梦；梦见；想到（常与of或about连用）I dreamt about you.我梦见了你。(2)向往；渴望；想象I have dreamed of visiting America.我曾渴望游览美国。【拓展】dream也可用作名词，意为梦，梦想。My dream job is teaching.我理想的工作是教学。7. It covered roads,parks and small houses.水淹沒了道路、公园和小房子。（教材第51页） cover此处用作及物动词，意为覆盖；盖上，常与介词with搭配。cover. with.意为 用把盖住(表示动作）;be covered with.意为被覆盖(表示状态）。Please cover the table with a white cloth.请在桌子上销一块白布。The hills are covered with trees.群山被树木覆盖。【拓展】cover还可用作名词，意为覆盖物；封面等。A dust cover hung over the painting.这幅画上面桂着防尘軍。The book needs a new cover.这本书需要一个新封面。 8. Large objects, such as coaches and oats, passed by my window.大件的物车和轮船，从我窗前经过。（教材第51页） pass by意为通过；经过。I see them pass by my house every day.我看见他们每天都从我家旁边经过。I passed by your school last night at about ten o clock.我昨天晚上大约十点钟的时候经过了你的学校。【拓展】pass by述可以表示（时间）逝去；过去。Three years had passed by before she finally found a suitable job. 三年过去了 ，她终于找到了一份合适的工作。 9.1 had to do something! 我必须做点什么！(教材第51页） have to意为必须，不得不，其后跟动词原形。 -Does your mother have to get up early?你母亲必须早起吗？ Yes, she does. /No, she doesnt是的，她必须早起。/不，她不必 10.1 tried to cal my dad, but the line was dead.我试图给我爸爸打凑话，但是电话线路不遥。（教材第51页） try to do sth.意为试图/努力做某事，其否定形式为try not to do sth.An old man tried to move the mountains. 一位老人试图移山。【拓展】try ones best to do sth.意为尽某人最大努力做某事。We should try our best to practice speaking English.我们应该尽最大努力练习说英语。try on意为试穿。Can I try it on? 我可以试穿一下吗？try作可数名词，意为尝试，常构成短语have a try，意为试一试。I cant open the door. Will you have a try?我打不开这扇门。你来试一试好吗？ dead形容词，意为（因为缺电）不运行的；不转动的。The hard-disk is dead.硬盘停止运行了 。Suddenly the phone went dead.电话突然没声音了。【拓展】dead还可以表不死的；失去生命的；枯萎的。His uncle has been dead for two years.他的叔叔去世两年了 。Please sweep away the dead leaves.请扫除那些枯叶。11. Its important to stick with it. 坚持工作很重要。（教材第51页） 这是一个it作形式主语的句子，这个句子的真正主语是不定式短语to stick with it其句型结构为:It is+形容词+动词不定式(短语)。Its very easy to do this job. 做这份工作很容易。【拓展】Its+形容词+for sb. +to do sth.意为对某人来说做某事是的，此句式中的形容词是描述动词不定式的，如：important, necessary, easy, difficultIts+形容词+of sb. +to do sth意为某人做某事是的，此句式中的形容词是描述人的性格、品质的，如：polite,nice, kind,good,friendly此句式也可改写为sb.+be+形容词+to do sth. Its hard for me to answer your question.对我来说回答你的问题很难。It was foolish of him to go alone. =He was foolish to go alone.他单独去太傻了。 stick with意为持续；坚持；不放弃。Stick with your schedule for the week.在这一周里坚持你的计划。They decided to stick with their original plan.他们决定继续执行原来的计划。【拓展】stick with表示紧跟；不离开；和待在一起。Stick with them. Theres safety in numbers.始终要和他们在一起，人多安全些。12.1 cant afford to sit around and worry about the flood.我抽不出时间雨坐着担心洪水。（教材第51页） afford及物动词，意为”担负得起（的费用；.的时间），常与can, could, be able to连用，多用于否定句或疑问句中。None of them could afford $50 for a ticket.他们中没有哪个能拿得出50美元买一张票。Can you afford to buy the house? 你能买得起这座房子吗？ sit around意为闲坐；无所事事地消磨时间。Im far too busy to sit around here.我松得不可开交，没空在这儿闲坐。He just sits around watching TV all day.他整天闲坐着看电视。13.My friend replied, have no time to think about the flood. 我的朋友四答说： 我没有时间考虑洪水(教材第51页） reply此处为不及物动词，意为回答；答复。其同义词为answer。常构成短语reply to，意为答复，回答。He never replied to any of my letters.他从来没給我回过信。He replied that he would not do that.他回答说他不愿做那件事。 Did he reply to you?他給你回复了吗？ have no time to do sth.意为没有时间做；不愿为花时间。Mrs Green has no time to look after her daughter.格林夫人没有时间照顾她的女儿。【拓展】have a lot of time for.喜欢；对感兴趣；愿意为花时间have no time for.不喜欢.；讨厌.；不愿为.花时间I have no time for lazy people like Tom.我讨厌像汤姆这样的懒汉。14. In surprise,people finally started to notice the Hood, but it was too late.最后，人们惊讶地开始注意到洪水，但是已经太晚了。(教材第51页） in surprise，意为惊讶地，surprise此处用作名词，意为惊奇；惊讶；意外。She looked up in surprise.她惊讶地抬起头。 Whatever are you doing here?asked the teacher in surprise. 你究竞在这里做什么？老师惊讶地问。【拓展】to ones surprise意为令某人吃惊的是To my surprise, little Jack worked out the problem within two minutes.令我吃惊的是，小杰克在两分钟内算出了那道题。 notice此处用作及物动词，意为注意到。 Did you notice the man with black glasses?你注意到戴墨镜的那个男子了吗？I noticed he left very early.我注意到他走得很早。【拓展】notice sb doing sth意为注意到某人正在做某事；notice sb. do sth.意为注意到某人做了某事。I noticed her crying in the room.戒注意到她正在房间里哭。（表示正在哭）I noticed her cry in the room.我注意到她在房间里哭。（不一定正在哭）notice作可数名词，意为公告；通知。There is a meeting notice on the board.布告板上有个会议通知。 15. Then I awoke. 接着，我困了。（教材第51页） awake此处用作不及物动词，意为醒来，常与介词from或动词不定式连用。I awoke from a deep sleep.我从沉睡中醒来。He awoke to find her gone.他醒来发现她已经走了。16. My computer is dead,so I will have to buy a new one.我的电脑不运转了所以我必须买一台新的。（教材第52页） one此处用作代词，常用于指代前面句子中提到过的同类人或事物中的一个I have three pens. I like the red one best.我有三支钢笔。我最喜欢红色的那支,Here I have got two tickets for the film. I can let you have one.我这儿有两张电影票，我可以让给你一张。17. The boy was so quiet that often no one would notice when he came in the room.那个男孩如此安静，以至子当他进入房间时经常没有人会注意到。（教材第52更） so. that意为如此以至于，引导结果状语从句，so后接形容词或副词。The film is so interesting that everyone wants to watch it.这评电影如此有趣，以至于每个人都想看。【拓展】在so.that结构中，若that从句的主语与主句的主语一致，在否定句中可与too. .to. . ,not. enough to.结构转换。He is so young that he cant join the army. =He is too young to join the army. = Heisnt old enough to join the army.他太小了不能参军。中考链接(2014 四川巴中）The little boy is lovely everyone likes him.A. such; that B. too; to C. so; that解析：such. that.意为如此以至于，用于引导结果状语从句，such修饰名词或名词短语；too+形容词/到词+to do.意为太.而不能做.so. that.意为如此以至于，用于引导结果状语从句，so修饰形容词或副词lovely形容词，意为可爱的，且第二个空格后为从句，故选C。 18. h s been raining badly for ten days.下了十天暴雨了。（教材第52页） 本句是现在完成进行时。现在完成进行时态由助动词have/has+been+现在分词构成。表示从过去某个不确定的时间开始一直持续进行，且到现在尚未完成的动作或状态。常与for，since等引导的时间状语连用。I have been studying English these days.这些天我一直在学习英语。He has beenstudyingfor3 hours.他学习了 3个小时了。注意如果单纯谈在一个过去的时间所发生的动作，不涉及它和现在的关系，常用-般过去时。如果谈一件已经发生的事，不去理会它是何时发生的，只考虑它对现在造成的影响，多用现在完成时。如果动作持续到现在且仍在进行，常用现在完成进时。I saw this film yesterday.我昨天看了这部电影。（强调动作发生的时间）I have seen this film.我看过这部电影。（强调动作对现在的影响，而忽略看这部电影的具体时间）That boy has been collecting stamps for ten years.那个男孩收集邮票已经10年了。（强调动作仍在继续进行）19. What awful weather! 多糟糕的天气啊！（教材第52页） what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+其他 what+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+其他！ What a great pity you missed the lecture again!你又一次错过了讲座，真是大遣憾了！What interesting books you bought us! 你給我们买的书真有趣！What fine weather it is! 多么晴朗的天气啊！中考链接How well Bill plays the guitar! 比尔的吉他弹得多好啊!(2014 福州）一 foggy day! -Something must be done to solve the haze problem.A. How B. What C. What a解析：英语中感A句式有两种:一是由what引导，后接名词(短语);二是由how引导，后接形容词或到词。因为day是可数名词，而且是单数，故用what引导感叹句，句式为what+a/an