高二英语必修五第一单元Great Scientists试题.doc

高二上学期英语周考一一、 单项填空（2分一题，共15小题）1. You are confident about this examination, arent you? _ . Im well prepared and study hard for a long time.A. Its hard to say.B. Sure, I am.C. I hope so.D. Well, maybe.2. An interesting suggestion on how to measure the temperature on the moon has been _.A. put onB. put outC. put downD. put forward3. Would you like to _ my cat for ten days while I am away? Id like to, but I have to _ a meeting in one week.A. attend to; attendB. attend on; take part inC. attend, joinD. attend by; join in4. These boys were so _ in the game they were playing that they didnt notice the teacher entering the classroom.A. engagedB. attractedC. absorbedD. drawn5. I wondered _ of you is _ such an accident.A. who; to be blamed onB. whom; blaming toC. which; to blame forD. who; to be blamed for6. They have discovered a new _ for the disease.A. victimB. cureC. wayD. method7. The Chinese _ the Japanese aggressors and _ the war after fighting for eight years.A. defeated; wonB. won; defeatedC. won; beatD. defeated; beat8. Whats the matter, doctor? Nothing serious. Take the medicine according to the _, and youll get better soon.A. introductionsB. explanationsC. suggestionsD. instructions9. Im calling to enquire about the position _ in yesterdays China Daily.A. advertisedB. to be advertisedC. advertisingD. having advertised10. We must be strict _ ourselves and strict _ our work.A. in; withB. with; inC. in; inD. with; with11. I admired my classmate Lisa very much. _ her prettiness, she was smart and helpful.A. Except forB. But forC. Apart fromD. In spite of12. The soldiers were put in prison because they _ to obey orders.A. refusedB. rejectedC. deniedD. objected13. _ you eat the correct foods _ be able to keep fit.A. Only if; will youB. Only of; you willC. Unless; will youD. Unless; you will14. The _ glass cup was _ by John.A. breaking; brokenB. breaking; breakingC. broken; brokenD. broken; breaking15. The heavy fog in London made _ deep impression on us, which was sometimes so heavy that we lost _ sight of everything around us.A. a; theB. a; /C. the; theD. the; /二、完形填空（2分一题，共20小题）A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full _16_ of the facts he observes. He doesnt accept ideas which are not _17_ on obvious facts, and therefore refuses to accept authority（权威） as the only _18_ for truth. He always _19_ ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them.The rise of _20_ science may perhaps be considered to _21_ as far back as the _22_ of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived _23_ the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the middle _24_ to suggest that we must learn science _25_ observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself _26_ many important discoveries.Galileo, however, who lived more than 300 years later (1564-1642), was the greatest of several great men, _27_ lived in Italy, France, Germany, or England, began by _28_ to show how many important _29_ could be discovered by observation. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more _30_ towards the earth than small ones, _31_ Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the _32_ of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two _33_ stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It was Galileos _34_ of going direct to Nature, and proving out _35_ and theories by experiment, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.16. A. useB. timeC. speedD. trust17. A. workedB. basedC. livedD. written18. A. reasonB. causeC. adviceD. result19. A. thinksB. checksC. has D. learn20. A. naturalB. physicalC. ancientD. modern21. A. dateB. keepC. lookD. take22. A. studyB. timeC. yearD. birth23. A. bothB. eachC. betweenD. among24. A. schoolsB. agesC. daysD. countries25. A. inB. withC. onD. by26. A. didB. madeC. tookD. gave27. A. whoB. whenC. thatD. where28. A. waysB. degreesC. levelsD. chance29. A. truthsB. problemsC. peopleD. subjects30. A. slowlyB. rapidlyC. lightlyD. heavily31. A. althoughB. becauseC. whenD. If32. A. placeB. footC. topD. ceiling33. A. bigB. smallC. equalD. unequal34. A. spiritB. skillC. theoryD. discovery35. A. plansB. opinionsC. worldD. ability三、阅读理解（4分一题，共15小题）AWe know the famous onesThomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bellbut what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)？Shouldnt we know who they are?Joan Mclean thinks so. In fact, Mclean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that shes developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning “who” invented “what”, however, Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to the “why” and “how” questions. According to Mclean, “When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”Her students agree. One young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of McLeans statement. “If I had not heard the story of the windshield wipes invention,” said Tommy Lee, a senior physics major, “I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive.” Lee is currently negotiating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer.So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City. The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she found herself wondering why there couldnt be a built-in device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever(操作杆) on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper. Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. Its hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgans traffic light. Its equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J. Blodgetts innovation that makes glass invisible, Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses?36. By mentioning “traffic light” and “windshield wiper”, the author indicates that countless inventions are _.A. beneficial, because their inventors are famousB. beneficial, though their inventors are less famousC. not useful, because their inventors are less famousD. not useful, though their inventors are famous37. Professor Joan McLeans course aims to_.A. add colour and variety to students campus lifeB. inform students of the windshield wipers inventionC. carry out the requirements by Mountain UniversityD. prepare students to try their own invention38. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 mean?A. a new kind of umbrellaB. the right to use an inventionC. a theory related to umbrellaD. the way of using an unbreakable umbrella39. Tommy Lees invention of the unbreakable umbrella was _.A. not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer B. inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper C. due to his dream of being caught in a rainstormD. not related to Professor Joan McLeans lectures40. Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?A How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers?B How to Design a Built-in Device for Cleaning the Window?C Shouldnt We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper?D Shouldnt We Develop Invention Courses in Universities?BA list of Benjamin Franklins inventions reveals a man of many talents and interests. His natural curiosity about things and the way they work made him try to find ways to make them work better. Ben had poor vision and needed glasses to read. He got tired of constantly taking them off and putting them back on, so he decided to figure out a way to make his glasses let him see both near and far. He had two pairs of glasses cut in half and put half of each lens in a single frame. Today, we call them bifocals(双光眼镜).Everyone knows the story of Bens famous kite flight. Although he made important discoveries and advancements, Ben did not invent electricity. He did, however, invent the lightning rod which protects buildings and ships from lightning.In colonial America, most people warmed their homes by building a fire in a fireplace even though it was kind of dangerous and used a lot of wood. Ben figured that there had to be a better way. His invention of an iron furnace stove allowed people to warm their homes less dangerously and with less wood. The furnace stove that he invented is called a Franklin stove. Interestingly enough, Ben also established the first fire company and the first fire insurance company in order to help people live more safely.As postmaster, Ben had to figure out routes for delivering the mail. He went out riding in his carriage to measure the routes and needed a way to keep track of the distance. He invented a simple odometer(里程表) and attached it to his carriage.Later, other famous inventors, like Thomas A. Edison and Alexander Graham Bell, would follow in Bens footsteps by trying to find ways to help people live better. Todays curious thinkers are keeping Bens traditions alive by inventing new and improved ways to make things work.41. How many things invented by Benjamin Franklin are mentioned in the passage?A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 642. What do we know about the Franklin Stove?A. It is made of iron and easy to carry.B. It is much safer and can save wood.C. It is much smaller than the traditional stove.D. It reaches the requirements of the fire company.43. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Franklin invented the bifocals because of his poor vision.B. Franklin invented the odometer to make his riding easier.C. Franklin first invented the electricity and then the lightning rod.D. Franklin invented the odometer when he worked in a post office.44. What characteristic did Franklin, Edison and Bell have in common?A. They had a strong desire to make life better.B. They were excellent students at school.C. They were born in the same age.D. They made peoples life simple.45. What would be the best title for the passage?A. The life of Benjamin FranklinB. Benjamin Franklin, a great inventorC. A man of many talents and interestsD. How to help people live betterCWhat makes a person a scientist？Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others？The answer is “no”. It isnt the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools which make him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter(木匠). You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate(调查), how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further; he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer he gets to many questions is into a large set of ideas about how the world works.The scientists knowledge must be exact. Theres no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration(实证) must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason why investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein，who developed the Theory of Relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy(正确性) of his mathematics was later tested through investigation. Einsteins ideas were proved to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations(计算) that may test his investigations.46.What makes a scientist according to the passage？A. The tools he uses.B. His ways of learning.C. The way he uses his tools.D. The various tools he uses.47.“.knowing how to investigate，how to discover information，is important to everyone.” The writer says this to show_.A. the importance of informationB. the difference between scientists and ordinary peopleC. the importance of thinkingD. the difference between carpenters and ordinary people48. A sound scientific theory should be one that_.A. works under one set of conditions at one time and also works under the same conditions at other timesB. doesnt allow any change even under different conditionsC. is right half the timeD. can be used for many purposes49. Which statement is correct according to the passage?A. Scientists have special ways of learning.B. The scientists theory should be right under one set of condition sometimes.C. Investigations are of great importance in science.D. Einstein developed the Theory of Relativity through observation.50.What is the main idea of the passage？A. Scientists are different from ordinary people.B. The Theory of Relativity.C. Exactness is the core(核心) of science.D. Exactness and way of using tools are the keys to making of a scientist.四、阅读表达（4分一题，共5小题）1 You cant escape the message that smoking is bad for you. But what if one or both of your parents smoke? You might be worried about their health, sick of smelling the second-hand smoke, or even a little embarrassed(尴尬的) by it. 2 You cant order your mom or dad to stop smoking, but you can encourage them to quit. There are lots of good reasons. Here are some you can mention:*Smoking will hurt their health.*Smoking creates secondhand smoke, which is also harmful to your heath.*Smoking will make it hard for them to keep up with you because they might run out of breath easily.3 If you think it will work, you could print out ar