北师大版高一英语模块三复习知识要点总结.doc

高一英语模块三复习知识要点Unit 7 The Sea Lesson11. participate in( doing) sth. 参加，参与 You should all actively participate in the discussion2. according to= based on 根据 According to the weather report, it will rain tomorrow.3. be forced to do sth. 被迫做某事 force sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某人注意： make sb. do sth 使某人做某人 sb. be made to do sth. (被动结构要加上to)e.g. He was forced / made to work 12 hours a day.4. get into trouble 陷入困境 （动作） be in trouble处于困境之中（状态）have trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难5. persuade / talk sb. to do sth=persuade / talk sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事persuade /talk sb. not to do sth.=persuade / talk sb. out of doing sth说服某人不要做某事persuade sb. of sth. 说服某人相信 e.g. He persuaded people of the advantages of solar cars.6. make it to sp. 到达某地 make it 取得成功 把时间定在 e.g. He has never made it as an actor.6他从来就不是一个成功的演员。 Lets make it next Sunday. 让我们把时间定在下周日。7. in search of = in the search for寻找 search sb./ sp. 搜查某人/某地 search for sb./sth. 寻找某人/某物8. Leif followed Biarnis directions and sailed to what is believed to be the coast of present-day Canada.利夫按照比阿尼的指点，航行到了据信是今天的加拿大海岸所在的地方。 follow ones directions 按照某人的指点 what引导的宾语从句作介词to 的宾语，且what在宾语从句中作主语 be believed /reported/ said to be sth 据信/据报道/据说是9. apologise to sb. for (doing) sth. 因为某事像某人道歉 You should apologise to her for stepping on her foot.Lesson210. deal with 处理 （和how连用） do with (和what连用)11. ban sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 She has been banned from driving a car.12. keep a record of sth. 记录 Some governments keep a record of the level of pollution.13. make a / ones living by /from 以。谋生 make a / ones living as 作为谋生e.g. He makes a / his living by /from driving a taxi. He makes a / his living as a driver.Lesson 314. play a trick on sb. 戏弄某人 do tricks 变戏法，演杂技15. take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 注意：measure作系动词“量起来, 度量为”时，不能用于进行时态和被动语态e.g. The tallest building in our city measures 260 meters in height. 我们市最高的建筑高度为260米16. stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事17. on the one hand, on the other hand一方面另一方面18. 倍数的表达: 倍数+as +adj./ adv.原级+as 倍数-1+ adj./ adv.比较级+than 倍数+度量名词（length/ width/ depth/ height/ size等）+ofe.g. This room is three times as large as that one.= This room is twice larger than that one.= This room is three times the size of that one.19. in length/ width/ depth/ height 在长度/宽度/ 深度/高度方面（注意没有冠词）20. An average fish like this measures 90 centimeters in length and it can weigh as much as 30 kilos.一条一般的想这样的鱼长度为90cm, 重达30千克。21. watch out = look out = take care 当心 watch out for sb.提防某人Lesson4 22. tie to 把绑在 23. be covered with sth. 被覆盖着24. all at once 忽然，突然 All at once, the sky was covered with clouds. 同时，一下子 Dont speak all at once, please speak one by one.25. pick up 搭载 拾起 收听节目，接收信号（非正规地）学会 染上（疾病，坏习惯）26. As you can see, I did escape. Mary does sing well. I do like the book.注意：在这三个句子中，did，does，do起强调作用，其后跟动词原形。27. escape from the cage / prison 从笼子/监狱中逃跑 escape sth / doing sth逃避（做） e.g. escape punishment=escape being punished 逃避惩罚28. survive the earthquake 在地震中幸存下来（survive为及物动词，后直接跟表示灾难的名词，不能加任何介词）29. be for / against sth 支持/反对。 e.g. I am for / against the plan. 我支持/反对这个计划30. in addition to = as well as 除。之外 in addition 另外31. manage to do sth. 设法做到某事（强调成功）try to do sth 努力去做某事（不一定成功）32. rather than 而不是 other than 除。以外（常用于否定句） less than 不到，少于 more than 多于，超过，非常33. more +原级+than+原级 “与其说。，而不如说。”e.g. He is more lazy than stupid. 与其说他笨，而不如说他懒。34. disagree with the plan不赞成这个计划 disagree with the climate不适应这种气候disagree with his parents 与他父母意见不一致Unit 8 Adventure Lesson135. take off （飞机）起飞 脱下 （事业）腾飞，受欢迎36. have no option / choice but to do sth 除了做某事外别无选择37. A differ from B in sth =A and B differ from each other in sth. 在。方面A不同于Be.g. Jack differs from Mike in their tastes. Jack 和Mike 品味不同。A differ with B about / on /over sth 在某事上A和B持不同看法e.g. I differ with you on how to learn English. 关于如何学英语，我和你看法不同。38. be anxious about / for sb. 担心某人 be anxious for sth 渴求。 be anxious to do sth 渴望/急切想要做某事 be anxious + that 从句（从句谓语用should+动词原形）渴望39. on a hiking trip 注意介词on40. mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth 意为着做某事注意 means 意为“方式，方法，途径”，单复同形e.g. Television is an effective means of communication.电视是一种有效的通讯手段。41. two pieces of luggage (luggage为不可数名词)42. right now 此刻，现在；立刻，马上lesson 243. A have similarities with B= A be similar to B A和B相似A be the same as B A与B相同 44. take up 占据（时间、空间）开始从事 拿起45. turn up 出现，到场 调高（温度、音量等）46. be into =be interested in 对。感兴趣，喜欢。47. back out 决定不履行允诺的事情48. get (sth.) across (to sb.) 使（某人）理解某事 e.g He is not good at getting his idea across to others. 他不善于使别人理解他的思想Your meaning didnt really get across. 你的意思并未真正被别人理解。49. go through with sth. 完成（艰难/不愉快的）事 e.g. She decided not to go through with the operation. 她决定不做手术。50. set up 建立安装51. be worth doing sth 值得做某事 This book is well worth reading. 此书非常值得一读。52. be keen on sth 热衷于。53. risk ones life to do sth 冒着生命危险做某事 risk doing sth. 冒险做某事54. have an preference for sth 对。有偏好55. prefer A to B 与B比起来，更喜欢A prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做某事prefer doing A to doing B 与做B比起来，更喜欢做Aprefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A，也不愿做Bprefer +that 从句 （从句谓语用should+动词原形，should可省略）Lesson 356. in turn 轮流，依次 反过来57. be impressed by/ with sth. 对。印象深刻，被。深深打动 impress sb. with sth. 用。打动某人/给某人留下深刻的印象have a good / bad impression of sb. / sth. 对某人/某物有一个好的/坏的印象make an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象58. goods 作主语，谓语动词只能用复数。 The goods are expensive.59. There is a large quantity of books. There are large quantities of meat.注意 quantity既可以修饰可数名词（books）也可以修饰不可数名词（meat），谓语动词的单复数由quantity单复数决定。60. amaze sb. 使某人感到惊奇 be amazed at / by sth. 对。感到惊奇61. confuse sb. 使某人感到困惑 be confused by sth. 对。感到困惑 confuse A with/ and B 将A和B弄混62. put /send / throw sb. into prison 把某人送进监狱（跟“坐牢”有关时，prison前不能加the）63. break out (疾病、战争、自然灾害等)突然爆发 break down 损坏分解(身体)垮掉64. stand by 坚持某种说法站在。旁边支持袖手旁观65. be /keep seated 坐着Lesson466. His concert is in preparation. 他的演唱会正在筹备。The country is making preparations for the war. 这个国家正在进行备战。 Mum is preparing the lunch. 妈妈正在准备午餐。(prepare sth.) The students are preparing for the exam. 学生们正在为考试做准备。（prepare for sth.）(对比，体会prepare sth. 和prepare for sth. 的区别)67. sb. run out of sth.=sb. use up sth. 某人用光了某物 （人作主语）sth. run out = sth. be used up 某物被用光了。e.g. We have run out of money= We have used up money.= Our money has run out = Our money has been used up.68. have trouble / difficulty with sth/ (in) doing sth. 在。方面/做某事有困难69. carry on (with) sth/ doing sth 继续（做）某事70. be associated with sth. 与。有关71. in particular 尤其72. have an influence/ effect on sth 对。有影响Unit9 WheelsLesson1 73. plenty of 大量，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词74. A be of benefit to B. = A benefit B= B benefit from A A使B受益e.g. Reading is of benefit to us= Reading benefits us.= We benefit from reading.75. at ones convenience when/ if it is convenient to sb. 在某人方便的时候76. be fed up with sth.= be tired of sth 对。感到厌烦77. in consequence= as a consequence = as a result 因而，结果in consequence of= as a consequence of= as a result of 因为，由于78. thanks to 多亏，幸亏（接正面原因） 79. work out 锻炼身体，做运动 计算出，设计出，制定出80. argue about sth. 争论。 argue for / against 为争取/反对。而争论argue with sb. about / over sth 在某事上与某人争吵lesson 281. be sensitive to sth. / sb. 对。很敏感 对。很体谅/体贴82. it is likely / possible/ probable that sb./ sth. be likely to do sth 表示“可能的”三个词只有likely能用“sb. /sth 作主语83. ahead of / on / behind schedule 提前/按时/ 未按期84. have/ take responsibility for sth. 对。负有/承担责任it is ones responsibility to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任be responsible for sth. 对。负责85. rely on 依赖，依靠，指望We should rely on ourselves. We should not rely on our parents too much.I rely on you to come early. = I rely on you / your coming early.86. in this/ that case 在这种/那种情况下 in no case决不 in case+句子 in case of+名词短语 以防。，万一。提醒：当case 或situation(情况)作先行词时，定语从句引导词用 in which= where87. pull up (车辆)停止，停车 pull out （火车）驶离车站88. be content with sth. 对。感到满足 be content to do sth. 乐于/甘愿做。89. check in 办理登记手续 存取某物 托运90. go through 经历、遭受（痛苦、难关） 仔细检查 用光、消耗（法律、议案）被正式通过或接受lesson 391. so far= up to now =up till now 迄今为止（多用于现在完成时）92. take place 发生（表示“发生”的词还有happen 和break out, 三者均不能用于被动语态）93. appreciate (sb.) doing sth. 感激某人做了某事。Lesson494. a large amount of和 large amounts of 只能修饰不可数名词，作主语，谓语动词单复数由amount得单复数决定。（看一下59条quantity用法，记清楚）95. figure out 弄明白，想出96. go up 上升， 上涨 go down 下降97. be addicted to sth 沉溺于。，对。上瘾（to 为介词）Her son is addicted to computer games.他的儿子沉迷于电脑游戏98. admit sth. 承认。 admit doing sth.承认做过某事99. be occupied with sth= be busy with sth. 忙于某事be occupied in doing sth.= be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事100. get stuck in traffic jam 被困在交通堵塞中101. suit / meet satisfy ones needs 满足某人的需要102. afford sth. 买得起/支付得起某物 afford to do sth. 支付得起做某事其他难点1. 独立结构One day,my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands, our boat full of fish.一天，我和我的两个兄弟从海上打鱼归来，船上载满了鱼。our boat full of fish是一个“独立结构”的从句，去掉了系动词was，作主句的伴随状语。【归纳】 简单地说，“独立结构”没有完整的谓语，作主句动作的补充或伴随状语。通常的做法，若是be动词构成的谓语，则去掉be。若是实义动词的谓语，则根据“主动”或“被动”关系将谓语动词变为-ing形式或-ed形式。如：The soldiers stood in lines, guns in their hands.士兵站成排，钢枪手中握。The door was locked, a message pinned on it.门锁着，上面别着一张纸条。Weather permitting, we will go camping this weekend.天气好的话，我们这个周末去野营。如果不用这样的独立结构，则需用连词将两个句子连接：The soldiers stood in lines, and guns were in their hands.The door was locked, and a message was pinned on it.If weather permits, we will go camping this weekend.2. While watching TV, he likes to have the lights on.看电视时，他喜欢开着灯。在when, while, unless, if引导的状语从句中，如果从句主语与主句主语一致，且谓语动词含有be动词，或从句中含有it is，可省略从句主语及be动词。e.g. I wont go to his party unless I am invited.主从句主语均为I，且从句谓语动词为 am invited，含有be动词，故可省略从句主语I和be动词am，所以此句可变为：I wont go to his party unless invited.If it is necessary, turn to your teacher for help.如果有必要，向老师求助。此句中，从句部分含有it is，可省略，变为：If necessary, turn to your teacher for help.【语法】各单元语法：定语从句，形容词和副词的比较级，动作动词和状态动词，限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，现在完成进行时，现在完成时与现在完成进行时，请同学们结合学案、资料的讲解做好复习。【小试牛刀】复习完了，来测试一下吧_1. How about seeing a film this evening? Im sorry I wont be free this evening. Lets _ it next week. A. do B. make C. have D. work2. There are ten gold medals on the exhibition, _ three were gained by my sister. A. in which B. of themC. of that D. of which3. Do you still remember the days _ we worked together in that factory? Yes, I do. Those days were the happiest time in my life.A. which B. when C. that D. how4. We should try our best to do our work with _ people and _ money. A. fewer; fewer B. less; lessC. less; fewer D. fewer; less5. What are you doing here? Oh, Im listening to the music. It _ very relaxing.A. is sounding B. soundedC. is sounded D. sounds6. Where is Mr Smith? Well, he promised to come to the report this morning, but I dont know why he hasnt _ yet.A. picked up B. turned upC. put up D. given up7. The child is so ser