高考英语短文改错应考策略.doc

高三英语二轮复习学案短文改错专项 2011-2-25高考英语短文改错备考策略l 高考短文改错题目考查方向：一语法方面主要测试动词时态和语态，主谓一致，非谓语动词，短语动词；名词，代词的各种形式，形容词和副词以及比较等级的用法；连词、冠词、介词，固定搭配；简单句、并列句和复合句，以及倒装、省略句等。二行文逻辑方面主要考查人物的性别及相应的指代代词或物的数量及相应的指代代词的一致，句子的并列、递进、转折、因果关系等的相应关联词；时间的先后顺序等l 解题方法点拨1.通读短文明确中心主题，整体把握时间、地点、人物、事件和行文逻辑2.看标点确定句子头尾，明确句子特点（简单句、并列句、复合句、特别句式）;抓关键谓语动词看主语明确主谓关系，确保主谓人称、语态、时态一致。3.划分意群，明确成分，化整为零，各个击破。4.联系考点，依据原则，运用知识，分析解决。6.通览检查，纠错补漏，确定结果短文改错是一个综合性很强的题型，既考查基础知识，又考查综合技能。要做好题目，必须做到：1 平时多阅读，多练习，熟悉英文的谋篇布局和行文逻辑，形成语感。2 牢记英语句子的三个一致的原则：即主谓一致、时态一致、指代一致。3 熟悉同根的动词、名词、形容词、副词等的用法区别，检查出词类误用的情况。4 注意冠词、介词、连词、物主代词、不定式符号等的遗漏或误用。5 在理解全文的基础上查错，同时留心行尾和行首的漏词、多词和错用词情况。l 考点应对策略归纳： 1.抓主语，看谓语，主谓关系要统一（语态、一致和时态，语气,形式需考虑）1）An English lady was finally decided that she really should learn to drive.2） Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. 3）She liked it very much and reads it to the class. 4) Of course, when my mother was asked, “Have you” 5) Books may be keep for four weeks.6) Charles and Linda were seeing near the top of the building.2.名词性质要关注，可数与否须清楚。名词具有受限性，限制(特指、确指和泛指）、修饰要重视。1) Kate covered it with a lot of Christmas light2)so that Ill get good marks in all my subject. 3) Good health is persons most valuable possession.4) Some people read the books or watch television while others have sports.5) We stopped to rest for a while and to drink some waters from a stream. 6) We climb everywhere, not only in America. We have been to Europe many time.7) There are branch library in many villages. 8) I hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon. 3代词出现不起眼，指代不明生疑点， 验名正身别怕烦，确保一致心里安。1) I just smiled to me and thought , “What can I do ?”2) Finally, the men threw away most of his clothes to save themselves .3) I read your e-mail to my parents and showed them the photo you sent it to me . 4) I liked those classes because I felt that it helped me.5) And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game.4. 英汉词性易混乱，形、副、名、介较常见，成分关系是关键。形作定表，副作状，名词功能莫要忘。1). He came back lately last night.2). I would describe myself as shy and quietly. 3). He asked angry if we had finished the work. 4). Charles said, “As soon as I see a real tall building, I want to climb it. 5). He practiced hard and past the driving-test.6). Im sure well have a wonderfully time.7). Unfortunate，there are too many people in my family. 8). The beautiful of the lake attracts us a lot.5. 连接词语需检验，逻辑关系前后辨。1). We tried to fix it and there was nothing we could do.2). I told Mother, Father, Sister, all my friends here what a great time I had. 3). It is a very important exam but I cant afford to fail it. 4). She was smiling but nodding at me. 5). The market at the corner of Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has given way to a supermarket. Besides, the bookstore next to our middle school is still there.6). It started to rise higher again. So it was still too close to the water.7). Id like to stay there for half a month, visiting places of interest or practicing my English as well.6.介词多少也要看，搭配错误较常见。1). Because the help you gave me that summer, my life changed.2). When a young man starts to earn his own living , he can no longer expect others to pay his food .3). At Christmas Eve, Jim went with his father to choose a Christmas tree.4).After five years away in my hometown, I find that 5) As you are very popularly with us Chinese high school students, wed like to invite for you to the exhibition.6). . so they are very strict in their children. 7). so that we can help each other on the course work. 7. 非谓语动词是考点，见面验证别嫌烦。1). My parents love me and will do all they can make sure2). We fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. 3). Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English. 4). I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person .5). Looking forward to hear from you soon.6). I have often dreamed of talk face to face with you.7). Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also 8. 固定搭配看清楚，习惯用法要关注。句式特点整体看，引导词语是关键。1). Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher.2). My teacher advised me to keep my diary. 3). I dont know that they dont like to talk with me. 4). I think Id email you and let you know what things are going.5). I live in Beijing，where is the capital of China. 6). It was turned out to be her own cup, that shed left on the shelf by mistake. 【练习巩固】Passage 1I feel quite sure the chemistry test that were going to have tomorrow. The teacher has already told us exact what to study and I think my grades on homework has been goodIn a fact, I think chemistry has always been one of the subjects that I enjoy it most. Susan and I had already spent two hours review pages 115-140 tonight. We are going to devote another hour to practise with some of the sample(实例) problem. Then I will ready for the test. Passage 2Dear Mary,I receive your E-mail just now. Dont worry about me. Im getting on well with my research work in the lab. But to my greatly surprise you say you will give up learn English. The reason is because you have not done well in it recently and you have lost interests. Im afraid I couldnt agree with you . I know it is difficulty to learn English, and English is widely used in the world today. It will be important tool in our future work. Beside, it is becoming more and more important in our daily life. If you study hard, you will be succeed. Do remember that where there is a will, there is a way. I m looking forward to hearing good news from you. Yours, Li HuaPassage 3Dear Ralph, I am an university student. I once thought life at the university must be excellent, but now I changed my mind. I have three roommates, and I was the last one to move into the dormitory. Last term, I got along peacefully and happy. But I find they are not willing to be with me now. They dont talk with me, and theyve become cold toward me. Many time, I have wanted to talk with them about how I felt like, but I failed to find an opening. When leaving alone, I always recall this sadness. But I am an honest student. Why dont I win true friendship? 七选五练习 ADear Sir, I have to travel every day from So UK Road to the airport. Two buses travel along this route: No.49 and No.16. However, by the time No.16 reaches So UK Road, it is always full._1_ The timetable states that there are buses from So UK Road to the airport every ten minutes._2_ The instructions state that if there are empty seats on a bus, the bus must stop at every stop where people are waiting. _3_ The instructions state that no bus may carry more than 40 seated passengers and 20 standing passengers. Yesterday, I was the first to get off the bus when it reached the airport. _4_ There were 129 of them. Clearly printed on the back of every bus is a sign that says “Maximum speed: 50mph.” _5_ Saturday morning a No. 49 bus traveled the distance in ten minutes, at an average speed of 60 mph. At times it must have done at least 80 or even 90 mph. It is obvious that our bus companies have neither respect for the instructions nor consideration for their passengers. Can nothing be done about this? Jerry A. I counted the other passengers as they got off. B. Is there anything we can do to change this? C. The problem is that we have to pay more for our trip. D. The distance from So UK Road to the airport is 10 miles. E. This leaves No.49 which sometimes has empty seats on it. F. If this is so, why do I have to wait half an hour for a bus nearly every day? G. Why is it that half-empty buses go straight past me when I am standing at the bus stop? BMy mother is a diligent and kind woman. She is very busy from morning till night. As a teacher, she works hard. 1 Both my brother and I love her dearly as she loves us.My mother has been teaching math at a middle school in my hometown. She goes to work early in the morning and does not return home until late in the afternoon. 2 She treats them with patience and teaches them well. For her excellent quality and very good teaching results, she has been elected as a model teacher several times. 3 Every day, when she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework, sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in good order. She seems to be busy all the time. As she has been very busy working every day, she looks older than her age. But she looks as cheerful and happy as ever. Mother never buys expensiv