基于PLC的运料小车的控制系统设计

We will continue to improve the company s internal control system and steady improvement in ability to manage and control optimize business processes to ensure smooth processes responsibilities in place to further strengthen internal controls play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third party responsibility to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management streamline standardize related transactions strengthening operations in accordance with law Deepening the information management to ensure full communication zero resistance To constantly perfect ERP and BFS and PI and MIS and SCM information system based construction full integration information system achieved information resources shared to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth play information system on enterprise of Assistant role to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records promote problem reasons analysis and system handover to strengthening BFS and ERP and SCM technology application of training improve employees application information system of capacity and level Humanistic care to ensure zero To strengthening Humanities care continues to foster company wind clear and gas are and heart Shun of culture atmosphere strengthening love helped trapped care difficult employees carried out style activities rich employees life strengthening health and labour protection organization career health medical control career against continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system training employees health of character and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment To strengthen risk management ensure that the business of zero risk To strengthened business plans management will business business plans cover to all level ensure the business can control in control to close concern financial and coal electric linkage and energy saving scheduling national policy trends strengthening track active should to implementation State owned assets method further specification business financial management to perfect risk tube control system achieved risk recognition and measure and assessment and report and control feedback of closed ring management improve risk prevention capacity To further standardize trading and strive to achieve according to law standardize and fair Innovation of performance management to ensure that potential employees zero fly To strengthen performance management process control enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management To further quantify and refine employee standards Work full play party and branch and members in five type Enterprise construction in the of core role and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role to continues to strengthening four good leadership construction full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the of backbone backbone role to full strengthening members youth work full play youth employees in company development in the of force role to improve independent Commission against corruption work level strengthening on enterprise business key link of effectiveness monitored And maintain stability To further strengthen publicity and education improve the overall legal system We must strengthen safety management establish and improve the education supervision and evaluation as one of the traffic safety management mechanism To conscientiously sum up the Olympic security controls promoting integrated management to a higher level higher standards a higher level of development Employees today is lunar calendar on December 24 the ox Bell is about to ring at this time of year we clearly feel the pulse of the XX power generation company to flourish to more clearly hear XX power generation companies mature and symmetry breathing Recalling past one another across a railing we are enthusiastic and full of confidence Future development opportunities we more exciting fight more spirited Employees let us together across 2013 full of challenges and opportunities to create a green low cost operation full of humane care of a world class power generation company and work hard The occasion of the Spring Festival my sincere wish that you and the families of the staff in the new year good health happy happy 电气自动化技术专业毕业电气自动化技术专业毕业设计设计 设计课题 基于 PLC 的运料小车控制系 统设计 学生姓名 陈博 学 号 指导老师 吴丽丽 专 业 电气自动化技术 年 级 11 级 2014 年 6 月 3 日 浙江广厦建设职业技术学院毕业设计说明书 of backbone backbone role to full strengthening members youth work full play youth employees in company development in the of force role to improve independent Commission against corruption work level strengthening on enterprise business key link of effectiveness monitored And maintain stability To further strengthen publicity and education improve the overall legal system We must strengthen safety management establish and improve the education supervision and evaluation as one of the traffic safety management mechanism To conscientiously sum up the Olympic security controls promoting integrated management to a higher level higher standards a higher level of development Employees today is lunar calendar on December 24 the ox Bell is about to ring at this time of year we clearly feel the pulse of the XX power generation company to flourish to more clearly hear XX power generation companies mature and symmetry breathing Recalling past one another across a railing we are enthusiastic and full of confidence Future development opportunities we more exciting fight more spirited Employees let us together across 2013 full of challenges and opportunities to create a green low cost operation full of humane care of a world class power generation company and work hard The occasion of the Spring Festival my sincere wish that you and the families of the staff in the new year good health happy happy第 1 页 共 23 页 摘要 摘要 随着科学技术的日新月异 对自动化程度要求越来越高 原有的生产线已不能满足 要求 在工业生产中运料是一个非常重要的环节 但是其岗位对人体伤害较大或者是劳动 负荷较大 所以运料小车在工业生产中发挥了重要作用 为企业节省了人力 物力等 节 约了生产成本提高了经济效益 但是 相比传统接触器 继电器控制的运料小车电气控制 线路比较复杂 不容易检修及维护 基于 PLC 的自动运料小车控制系统可以解决上述问题 因此对它的设计具有了现实可能性 关键词 关键词 可编程控制器 三相异步电动机 运料小车 We will continue to improve the company s internal control system and steady improvement in ability to manage and control optimize business processes to ensure smooth processes responsibilities in place to further strengthen internal controls play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third party responsibility to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management streamline standardize related transactions strengthening operations in accordance with law Deepening the information management to ensure full communication zero resistance To constantly perfect ERP and BFS and PI and MIS and SCM information system based construction full integration information system achieved information resources shared to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth play information system on enterprise of Assistant role to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records promote problem reasons analysis and system handover to strengthening BFS and ERP and SCM technology application of training improve employees application information system of capacity and level Humanistic care to ensure zero To strengthening Humanities care continues to foster company wind clear and gas are and heart Shun of culture atmosphere strengthening love helped trapped care difficult employees carried out style activities rich employees life strengthening health and labour protection organization career health medical control career against continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system training employees health of character and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment To strengthen risk management ensure that the business of zero risk To strengthened business plans management will business business plans cover to all level ensure the business can control in control to close concern financial and coal electric linkage and energy saving scheduling national policy trends strengthening track active should to implementation State owned assets method further specification business financial management to perfect risk tube control system achieved risk recognition and measure and assessment and report and control feedback of closed ring management improve risk prevention capacity To further standardize trading and strive to achieve according to law standardize and fair Innovation of performance management to ensure that potential employees zero fly To strengthen performance management process control enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management To further quantify and refine employee standards Work full play party and branch and members in five type Enterprise construction in the of core role and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role to continues to strengthening four good leadership construction full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the of backbone backbone role to full strengthening members youth work full play youth employees in company development in the of force role to improve independent Commission against corruption work level strengthening on enterprise business key link of effectiveness monitored And maintain stability To further strengthen publicity and education improve the overall legal system We must strengthen safety management establish and improve the education supervision and evaluation as one of the traffic safety management mechanism To conscientiously sum up the Olympic security controls promoting integrated management to a higher level higher standards a higher level of development Employees today is lunar calendar on December 24 the ox Bell is about to ring at this time of year we clearly feel the pulse of the XX power generation company to flourish to more clearly hear XX power generation companies mature and symmetry breathing Recalling past one another across a railing we are enthusiastic and full of confidence Future development opportunities we more exciting fight more spirited Employees let us together across 2013 full of challenges and opportunities to create a green low cost operation full of humane care of a world class power generation company and work hard The occasion of the Spring Festival my sincere wish that you and the families of the staff in the new year good health happy happy2 目 录 引言 1 1 运料小车需求分析 2 2 运料小车控制系统的方案论证 4 2 1 运料小车控制系统的控制内容与要求 4 2 1 1 运料小车的运动流程 4 2 2 方案论证 4 3 运料小车控制系统的硬件配置 6 4 运料小车控制系统的软件设计 8 4 1PLC I O 分配表 8 5 程序的运行调试与仿真 13 6 设计小结 14 6 1 小车的优缺点分析 14 6 2 设计的改进及推广 14 总 结 15 致谢 16 参考文献 17 附 录 一 18 浙江广厦建设职业技术学院毕业设计说明书 of backbone backbone role to full strengthening members youth work full play youth employees in company development in the of force role to improve independent Commission against corruption work level strengthening on enterprise business key link of effectiveness monitored And maintain stability To further strengthen publicity and education improve the overall legal system We must strengthen safety management establish and improve the education supervision and evaluation as one of the traffic safety management mechanism To conscientiously sum up the Olympic security controls promoting integrated management to a higher level higher standards a higher level of development Employees today is lunar calendar on December 24 the ox Bell is about to ring at this time of year we clearly feel the pulse of the XX power generation company to flourish to more clearly hear XX power generation companies mature and symmetry breathing Recalling past one another across a railing we are enthusiastic and full of confidence Future development opportunities we more exciting fight more spirited Employees let us together across 2013 full of challenges and opportunities to create a green low cost operation full of humane care of a world class power generation company and work hard The occasion of the Spring Festival my sincere wish that you and the families of the staff in the new year good health happy happy第 1 页 共 23 页 引言 可编程控制器是在计算机技术 通信技术和继电器控制技术的发展基础上开发 起来的 最初叫做可编程逻辑控制器 Programmable Logic Controller 即 PLC 现已广泛应用于工业控制的各个领域 大规模集成电路和超大规模集成电路的出现使得 PLC 在问世后的发展极为迅速 现在 PLC 不仅能实现继电器的逻辑控制功能 同时还具有数字量和模拟量的采集 和控制 PID 调节 通信联网 故障自诊断及 DCS 生产监控等功能 毫无疑问 PLC 将在今后的工业生产中起到非常重要的作用 在 20 世纪 80 年 代 美国的工业市场调查报告和 1989 年美国的一份分散控制系统 DCS 的调研 报告中 都能看出 PLC 在工业控制中的重要作用 We will continue to improve the company s internal control system and steady improvement in ability to manage and control optimize business processes to ensure smooth processes responsibilities in place to further strengthen internal controls play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third party responsibility to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management streamline standardize related transactions strengthening operations in accordance with law Deepening the information management to ensure full communication zero resistance To constantly perfect ERP and BFS and PI and MIS and SCM information system based construction full integration information system achieved information resources shared to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth play information system on enterprise of Assistant role to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records promote problem reasons analysis and system handover to strengthening BFS and ERP and SCM technology application of training improve employees application information system of capacity and level Humanistic care to ensure zero To strengthening Humanities care continues to foster company wind clear and gas are and heart Shun of culture atmosphere strengthening love helped trapped care difficult employees carried out style activities rich employees life strengthening health and labour protection organization career health medical control career against continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system training employees health of character and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment To strengthen risk management ensure that the business of zero risk To strengthened business plans management will business business plans cover to all level ensure the business can control in control to close concern financial and coal electric linkage and energy saving scheduling national policy trends strengthening track active should to implementation State owned assets method further specification business financial management to perfect risk tube control system achieved risk recognition and measure and assessment and report and control feedback of closed ring management improve risk prevention capacity To further standardize trading and strive to achieve according to law standardize and fair Innovation of performance management to ensure that potential employees zero fly To strengthen performance management process control enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management To further quantify and refine employee standards Work full play party and branch and members in five type Enterprise construction in the of core role and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role to continues to strengthening four good leadership construction full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the of backbone backbone role to full strengthening members youth work full play youth employees in company development in the of force role to improve independent Commission against corruption work level strengthening on enterprise business key link of effectiveness monitored And maintain stability To further strengthen publicity and education improve the overall legal system We must strengthen safety management establish and improve the education supervision and evaluation as one of the traffic safety management mechanism To conscientiously sum up the Olympic security controls promoting integrated management to a higher level higher standards a higher level of development Employees today is lunar calendar on December 24 the ox Bell is about to ring at this time of year we clearly feel the pulse of the XX power generation company to flourish to more clearly hear XX power generation companies mature and symmetry breathing Recalling past one another across a railing we are enthusiastic and full of confidence Future development opportunities we more exciting fight more spirited Employees let us together across 2013 full of challenges and opportunities to create a green low cost operation full of humane care of a world class power generation company and work hard The occasion of the Spring Festival my sincere wish that you and the families of the staff in the new year good health happy happy2 1 运料小车需求分析 运料小车专门用于粒料 粉料 片状料 带状材料等产品的输送 在各行业应 用都十分广泛 当今社会 越来越多的厂家采用机械化输送 这种方式 代替人力劳 动将成为必然 其具有较高的精确度 而且省时 省力还大大减少了劳动强度 降 低劳动成本节约人力资源 真正的做到了低成本 高回报 在今飞速发展的年代这 种自动化产品会受到越来越多行业的青睐与喜欢 制造业是现代经济发展中占有关键地位 它的发展状况主导着经济发展的前景 但是 在我国 大部分乡镇企业 私营企业 由于受资金管理等方面的限制 一般 来说 送料绝大多数是采用人工手动送料 严重缺乏保护装置 这造成 效率低 劳动强度大 事故发生率大 等特点 随着信息科技迅猛 市场经济的发展 国内 国际市场竞争日益激烈 产品更 新更为迅速 近年来 由于 PLC 控制技术的发展 送料机构自动化水平也需越来越 高 提高自动化的水平不仅可以提高生产效率 同时也能保证工人的人身安全 传 统的手工送料已经不再满足要求 这时运料小车应运而生 运料小车专门用于粒料 粉料 片状料 带状等材料的输送 这无疑是轻 重工行业不可缺少的设备 从世界第一台 PLC 被设计出来到现在 PLC 历经几次更新换代 各方面的性能 得到了很大完善 技术已经完全成熟 其中运料小车控制系统随着 PLC 的发展过程 经历一下几个发展阶段 手动控制 上世界六十年代末七十年代初 是 PLC 发展的早期阶段 那个时候 便有一些工业过程运用了 PLC 控制系统控制运料小车 但是由于那是技术并不成熟 只能采用人工手动控制机器 初期的运料小车控制系统多采用继电器和接触器组成 的复杂控制系统 这种系统不仅体积庞大 系统稳定性也不高 故障率高 也没有 通信模块 操作控制极为不便 控制效果也不佳 自动控制 至上世纪八十年代 电子科学技术飞速发展 计算机的成本及价格 变得越来越低 这种情况下 很多大型企业开始采用 PC 机与 PLC 通信控制方式 这种控制方式在控制方面更加灵活 全自动控制 本世纪开始科技迅猛发展 电子计算机的更新周期越来越短 电 子设备的向着高性能 低成本发展 运用今天高性能 PLC 控制运料小车可以实现完 全自动化 并且能满足工业过程的各种要求 另外在设备维护也极为方便 维护成 本大大降低 随着科学技术的发展 自动化的实现水平在国民经济的发展中起着越来越重要 的作用 尤其是对机械行业的生产效率 制造精度 以及可靠性和安全性提出了更 高的要求 对于自动运料装置 目前的企业中多采用以下几种运料方式 机械手加穿梭小车式自动化输送方案 该自动化输送系统也是自动冲压生产