英语练习(2011.11).doc

Part I Listening Comprehension ( 20 minutes 20% ) (略)Part II Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding setter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. (1)Modern mass-production ways lower the cost of making goods, and thus give us better values. At the same time, American scientists are constantly at work improving the qualityof products. 1 In this way, better quality products at good values are continually being brought to the people of all income groups.As an example of how this works, when facial tissues（面巾）were first put on the market in 1924, they were made in limited quantities and sold at 65 cents per box of 200. People liked these facial tissues immediately and began asking for them when they went into different stores. Because there was such a demand for the product, factories began making tissues in larger and larger quantities. Because the factories were making tissues in greater quantities, their production costs were lowered, so that the cost of tissues went down . At the same time, the quality of facial tissues was constantly improving, because more factories went into the business of making tissues, and each factory strove to make his product better than others. Today instead of costing 65 cents, a box of 200 facial tissues costs around on-third of that price, and they are both softer and stronger. When people are free to compete when they are free to make more things and make them better-everyone benefits. 1. In regard to the production of goods in greater quantities, the writer states that the_.A. price of the goods should drop.B. price of the goods should rise.C. the quality of the goods should improve. D. the quality should rise and the price should drop 2. It can be inferred from the example that _. A. increased demand led to mass production.B. facial tissues attracted much attention when first put on the market for their low prices.C. better quality resulted from mass production.D. lower price resulted in lower quality of the facial tissues.3. Improved quality of facial tissues resulted from_.A. mass-production methods.B. popular demand for a better product.C. a decrease in production costs.D. competition among manufactures.4. According to this passage, we can see that lower prices and better quality occur_.A. as a result of the effect of one on the other.B. always at the same time.C. independently of each other.D. when the demand exceeds the supply.5. The writer believes that in a nation where free enterprise exists, manufactures will produce_.A. better quality goods. B. as much as they likeC. more than they are able to sell. D. both A and B （2）If youre finding it tough to land a job，try expanding your jobhunting plan to include the following strategies：Set your target. While you should always keep your options open to compromise，you should also be sure to target exactly what you want in a job. A specific job hunt will be more efficient than a random one.Schedule abundant interviews. Use every possible method to get interviewsanswering ads，using search firms，contacting companies directly，surfing the Web，and networking. 2 Even if a job is not perfect for you，every interview can make you learn from it.Follow up. Even if someone does not hire you，write them a thankyou note for the interview. Then，some weeks later，send another brief letter to explain that you still have not found the perfect position and that you will be available to interview again if the original position you applied foror any other position，for that matteris open. Do this with every position you interview for，and you may just catch a break.Make it your fulltime job. You cant find a job by looking sporadically。You have to make time for it. If youre unemployed and looking，devote as much time as you would to a fulltime job. If you have a job while youre looking，figure out an organized schedule to maximize your searching time.Network vertically. In the research phase of your job hunt，talk to people who are on a level above you in your desired industry. Theyll have some insights that people at your own level wont have，and will be in a good position to hire you or recommend you to be hired. Keep your spirits up. Looking for a job is one of the toughest things you will ever have to do. Maintain your confidence，stay persistent，and think positively，and eventually you will get a job that suits you.11. According to the passage, the author thinks of each interview as _. A. a positive experience B. a chance to get a perfect job C. a chance to meet challenges D. an item on the schedule12. According to the author, your job-hunting plan has better be as _ as possible. A. random B. specific C. fixed D. complex13. When hunting a job, youd better communicated with people on a level above you, because _. A. they will hire you soon. B. they will ask someone to hire you C. you will benefit from their fame. D. you can learn from them.14. According to the passage, in order to get a good job, you should _. A. always keep an optimistic spirit. B. mainly focus on a full-time job. C. apply for several different positions. D. follow other peoples footsteps.15. Whats the best title for this passage? A. Interview Strategies B. Interview Ceremony C. Job-hunting Expenditure D. Job-hunting Strategies.(3)Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree, In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. 3 It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.For very course that the follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating, has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.11. Normally a student would at least attend _classes each week.A. 36 B. 12 C. 20 D. 1512. According to the first paragraph an American student is allowed_.A. to live in a different universityB. to take a particular course in a different universityC. to live a home and drive to classesD. to get two degrees from two different universities13. America university students are usually under pressure of work because_A. their academic performance will affect their future careersB. they are heavily involved in student affairsC. they have to observe university disciplineD. they want to run for positions of authority14. Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probably because_.A. they hate the constant pressure and strain of their study B. they will then be able to stay longer in the universityC. such positions help them get better jobsD. such positions are usually well paid15. The student organizations seem to be effective in _A. dealing with the academic affairs of the universityB. ensuring that the students observe university regulationsC. evaluating students performance by bringing them before a courtD. keeping up the students enthusiasm for social activities.(4)One of the most authoritative voices speaking to us today is, of course, the voice of the advertisers. Its strident clamour dominates our lives. It shouts at us from the television screen and the radio loudspeakers; waves to us from every page of the newspaper; plucks at our sleeves on the escalator; signals to us from the roadside billboards all day and flashes messages to us in coloured lights all night. Advertising has been among Englands biggest growth industries since the war. 4. Perhaps the answer is that advertising saves the manufacturers from having to think about the customer. At the stage of designing and developing a product, there is quite enough to think about without worrying over whether anybody will want to buy it. The designer is busy enough without adding customer-appeal to all his other problems of man-hours and machine tolerances and stress factors. So they just go ahead and make the thing and leave it to the advertiser to find eleven ways of making it appeal to purchasers after they have finished it, by pretending that it confers status, or attracts love,or signifies manliness. 5 Other manufacturers find advertising saves them changing their product. And manufacturers hate change. The ideal product is one which goes on unchanged for ever. If, therefore, for one reason or another, some alteration seems called for - how much better to change the image, the packet or the pitch made by product, rather than go to all the inconvenience of changing the product itself.16. Which of the following can best describe the authors attitude toward modern advertising? A.Indifferent B.Shocked C. Disapproving D. Approving17. According to the author, which is NOT the designers chief concern when he designs a product ? A. Stress factorsB. Man-hoursC. Machine tolerancesD. Customer- appeal18. It is stated in the passage that those responsible for giving a product customer-appeal are _.A.customer B. designers C. advertisement D. manufactures.19. According to the author, when some change in a product is necessary, a manufacturer will choose to _.A.Lower the production costB. hire a better designerC. improve its qualityD. alter its image20. The best title for the passage might be _ .A.Advertising Since the WarB. Advertising and ManufacturesC. Advertising - Englands Biggest IndustryD. Advertising and PurchasersPart III Cloze (15 minutes 10 %)Directions: In this part there is a passage with 20 blanks in it. For each blank there are four choices marked A , B , C and D . You are required to choose the one that best fills into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.There are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born _1_. Human brain differs _2_ , some_3_ more capable than others. But no matter_4_ good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence 5_he has opportunities to learn. So the _6_factor is what happens _7_the individual, the sort of environment in _8_ he is reared. If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never _9_ the level of intelligence _10_which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individuals intelligence can be _11_by the case history of the _12_twoins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brain _13_, and their growth process was the _14_ . When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster home. Peter was reared by parents of _15_intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of_16_ parents who has been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated _17_ . When they were given tests to measure their intelligence, Marks I. Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points _18_than his identical brother. _19_ equal opportunities, the twins, _20_ identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.1. A. in B. for C.with D. at 2. A.considerably B. considerately C. considerable D. considerate3. A. are B. were C. being D. been4. A. what B. how C. whether D. why5. A. unless B. if C. otherwise D. while6. A. first B. second C. best D. third7. A. with B. in C. to D. for8. A. that B. which C. when D.why9. A. achieve B. obtain C. retain D. attain10. A.of B. to C. for D. with11. A. designed B. destroyed C. developed D. demonstrated12. A. identical B. alike C. familiar D. likely13. A. at school B. at birth C. at home D. in birth14. A. following B. different C. same D. alike15. A. slow B. good C. high D. low16. A. miserable B. wretched C. well-to-do D. wise17. A. economically B. intellectually C. spiritually D. materially18. A. lower B. worse C. higher D. better19. A. Give B. Giving C. Gave D. Given20. A. being B. be C. having D. have.Part IV Vacabulary and Structure (15 minutes 15 %)Section A (10%)Directions: In this section there are 20 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. You are required to choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet with a single line through the center.1. Well visit Europe next year _ we have enough money. A. lest B. until C. unless D. provided2. Many elderly people have to live on the money they _ when they were working. A. set off B. set up C. set aside D. set out3. He tried his best to _ his enmity(敌意) under an appearance of friendliness. A. face B. reveal C. conceal D. present4. The French pianist who had been praised very highly _ to be a great disappointment. A. displayed B. showed C. turned up D. proved5. You are always _ fault with what I do. A. finding B. seeking C. discovering D. thinking 6. In spite of the thunderstorm, the children slept _ all night. A. quickly B. soundly C. sensitively D. noisily7. It is a _ for a city official to take tax money for his own use. A. civil B. praise C. scandal D. wonder8. Very few experts _ with completely new answers to the worlds economic problems. A. come up B. come to C. come on D. come round9. I send you my best wishes _ this happy occasion. A. in B. by C. with D. on10. The magician picked several persons _ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance. A. by accident B. at random C. on occasion D. on average11. Visitors are asked _ with the regulation. A. contrast B. conflict C. comply D. consult 13. The _ of blood always makes him feel sick. A. sight B. look C. view D. form14. The neighbors do not consider him quite _as most evenings he awakens them with his drunken singing. A. respectful B. respectable C. respective D. respected15. The idea that the earth is flat was _ wrong centuries ago. A. exhibited B. showed C. proved D. displayed16. All the companys employees are _ to an annual paid leave of from 24 to 30 days. A. entitled B. offered C. given D. supplied17. The prisoner has been deprived of many _ that average citizens enjoy. A. information B. privileges C. conditions D. insurance 18. The magician picked several persons _ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance. A. on average B. by accident C. at random D. on occasion19. The new wa