linux下安装apache的及反向代理配置完整过程.docx

下面是linux下安装apache的完整代码，系统是redhat5.51、检查系统防火墙有没开，需要把防火墙关掉，可以执行SETUP查看，关闭。在开启了防火墙时，做如下设置，开启相关端口， 修改/etc/sysconfig/iptables 文件，添加以下内容： -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state -state NEW -m tcp -p tcp -dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state -state NEW -m tcp -p tcp -dport 8088 -j ACCEPT2、安装Apache下载地址：1. 安装Apache# tar zxvf httpd-2.2.22.tar.gz /解压文件# cd httpd-2.2.22 /进入安装文件夹#./configure -prefix=/usr/local/apache -enable-so -enable-mods-shared=most -enable-proxy -enable-proxy-connect -enable-proxy-ftp -enable-proxy-http -enable-proxy-scgi -enable-proxy-ajp -enable-proxy-balancer / 配置apache路径加载动态模块# make /编译apache# make install /安装apache其它相关命令： 下载httpd-2.2.22.tar.bz2 把httpd-2.2.22.tar.bz2放到/soft 下 rootlocalhost #cd /soft rootlocalhost soft#tar jxvf httpd-2.2.6.tar.bz2 /解压apache的压缩包 rootlocalhost soft#cd httpd-2.2.6 /定位到httpd-2.2.6 文件夹下 rootlocalhost httpd-2.2.6#ls /查看显示httpd-2.2.6 文件夹下内容 rootlocalhost httpd-2.2.6# ./configure -help | more /查看安装apache配置参数 rootlocalhost httpd-2.2.6#./configure -prefix=/usr/local/apache -enable-so / 配置apache路径 rootlocalhost httpd-2.2.6#./configure -prefix=/usr/local/apache -enable-so -enable-mods-shared=most -enable-proxy -enable-proxy-connect -enable-proxy-ftp -enable-proxy-http -enable-proxy-scgi -enable-proxy-ajp -enable-proxy-balancer / 配置apache路径加载动态模块 rootlocalhost httpd-2.2.6#make /编译apache rootlocalhost httpd-2.2.6#make install /安装apache rootlocalhost httpd-2.2.6#cd /usr/local/apache /进入apache的目录 rootlocalhost apache# cd conf/ rootlocalhost conf#cp httpd.conf httpd.conf_bak /备份apache配置文件 rootlocalhost conf#chkconfig -list httpd /查看httpd服务是否已存在 rootlocalhost conf#chkconfig httpd off /关闭系统自带了httpd的服务，如果存在httpd服务 rootlocalhost conf#service httpd status /查看自带httpd服务状态 rootlocalhost conf# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k start /linux启动apache命令 rootlocalhost conf# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k stop /linux停止apache命令 rootlocalhost conf#netstat -an | grep :80 /查看linux80端口是否开启 rootlocalhost conf#ps -aux | grep httpd /linux下查看apache进程 rootlocalhost conf#cd ./. rootlocalhost local#cp /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/rc.d/init.d/apache /拷贝apache启动脚本 rootlocalhost local#vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/apache / 这里是编辑apache启动脚本 在开头的#！/bin/sh 下面加上 #chkconfig: 2345 85 15 rootlocalhost local#chkconfig -add apache /添加apache服务 rootlocalhost local#chkconfig -list apache /列出apache服务 rootlocalhost local#service apache stop /停止apache服务 rootlocalhost local#netstat -an | grep :80 /查看linux的80端口是否开启 rootlocalhost local#ps -aux | grep httpd /查看是否存在httpd服务，若果之前自带httpd服务启动的话会导致新添加的apache服务启动失败 rootlocalhost local#service apache start /启动apache服务 打开你的服务器ip地址，看看是否出现了tomcat的默认首页，如果出现的话，那么恭喜你 linux下安装apache已经成功了3、修改httpd.conf文件 vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf以下为httpd.conf内容：# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.# See for detailed information.# In particular, see# # for a discussion of each configuration directive.# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. Theyre here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many# of the servers control files begin with / (or drive:/ for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin# with /, the value of ServerRoot is prepended - so logs/foo_log# with ServerRoot set to /usr/local/apache will be interpreted by the# server as /usr/local/apache/logs/foo_log.# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the servers# configuration, error, and log files are kept.# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path. If you point# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to point the LockFile directive# at a local disk. If you wish to share the same ServerRoot for multiple# httpd daemons, you will need to change at least LockFile and PidFile.#ServerRoot /usr/local/apache# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or# ports, instead of the default. See also the # directive.# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.#Listen 8:80Listen 80Listen 8088 增加监听端口# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you# have to place corresponding LoadModule lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.# Statically compiled modules (those listed by httpd -l) do not need# to be loaded here.# Example:# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so#LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so 加载的模块，正确安装完会自动加载以下模块LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.soLoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.soLoadModule authn_dbd_module modules/mod_authn_dbd.soLoadModule authn_default_module modules/mod_authn_default.soLoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.soLoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.soLoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.soLoadModule authz_dbm_module modules/mod_authz_dbm.soLoadModule authz_owner_module modules/mod_authz_owner.soLoadModule authz_default_module modules/mod_authz_default.soLoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.soLoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.soLoadModule dbd_module modules/mod_dbd.soLoadModule dumpio_module modules/mod_dumpio.soLoadModule reqtimeout_module modules/mod_reqtimeout.soLoadModule ext_filter_module modules/mod_ext_filter.soLoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.soLoadModule filter_module modules/mod_filter.soLoadModule substitute_module modules/mod_substitute.soLoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.soLoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.soLoadModule logio_module modules/mod_logio.soLoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.soLoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.soLoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.soLoadModule ident_module modules/mod_ident.soLoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.soLoadModule version_module modules/mod_version.soLoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.soLoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.soLoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.soLoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.soLoadModule proxy_scgi_module modules/mod_proxy_scgi.soLoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.soLoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.soLoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.soLoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.soLoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.soLoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.soLoadModule asis_module modules/mod_asis.soLoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.soLoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.soLoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.soLoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.soLoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.soLoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.soLoadModule imagemap_module modules/mod_imagemap.soLoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.soLoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.soLoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.soLoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.soLoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.soTimeout 300 新增的配置参数KeepAlive OnMaxKeepAliveRequests 1000KeepAliveTimeout 15UseCanonicalName OffAccessFileName .htaccessServerTokens FullServerSignature OnHostnameLookups Off# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run# httpd as root initially and it will switch.# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for# running httpd, as with most system services.#User daemonGroup daemon以下内容是新增的关键参数 StartServers 40 MinSpareServers 40 MaxSpareServers 80 MaxClients 256 MaxRequestsPerChild 10000 StartServers 40 MaxClients 2000 MinSpareThreads 100 MaxSpareThreads 300 ThreadsPerChild 200 MaxRequestsPerChild 0ProxyRequests OffRewriteEngine onRewriteCond %REQUEST_METHOD (TRACE|TRACK)RewriteRule .* - FRewriteEngine onRewriteCond %HTTP:range !(bytes=,+(,+)0,4$|$)RewriteRule .* - FTraceEnable off#NameVirtualHost 37:9080#ServerName 37:9080#ProxyPass /ponApp/ 0:7001/xponApp/#ProxyPassReverse /ponApp/ 0:7001/xponApp/#NameVirtualHost 37:8088ServerName kuangdai kuangdai LINUX系统的主机名ProxyPass /xponApp/ 0:7001/xponApp/ProxyPassReverse /xponApp/ 0:7001/xponApp/启动服务报错/etc/hosts 增加 localhost.localdomain localhost ”kuangdai“主机名 配置反向代理的访问权限Order deny,allowAllow from all以上内容是新增的关键参数# Main server configuration# The directives in this section set up the values used by the main# server, which responds to any requests that arent handled by a# definition. These values also provide defaults for# any containers you may define later in the file.# All of these directives may appear inside containers,# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the# virtual host being defined.# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be# e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such# as error documents. e.g. #ServerAdmin # ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.# If your host doesnt have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.#ServerName :80 -这个ServerName可随意配置一定去掉前面# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.#DocumentRoot /usr/local/apache/htdocs# Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect# to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that# directory (and its subdirectories).# First, we configure the default to be a very restrictive set of# features.# Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow# particular features to be enabled - so if somethings not working as# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it# below.# This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.# # # Possible values for the Options directive are None, All, # or any combination of: # Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews # # Note that MultiViews must be named *explicitly* - Options All # doesnt give it to you. # # The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see # /docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options # for more information. # Options Indexes FollowSymLinks # # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files. # It can be All, None, or any combination of the keywords: # Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit # AllowOverride None # # Controls who can get stuff from this server. # Order allow,deny Allow from all# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory# is requested.# DirectoryIndex index.html# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being# viewed by Web clients.# Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy All# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be# logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a # container, that hosts errors will be logged there and not here.#ErrorLog logs/error_log# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,# alert, emerg.#LogLevel warn # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # LogFormat %h %l %u %t %r %s %b %Refereri %User-Agenti combined LogFormat %h %l %u %t %r %s %b common # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O LogFormat %h %l %u %t %r %s %b %Refereri %User-Agenti %I %O combinedio # # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format). # If you do not define any access logfiles within a # container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do* # define per- access logfiles, transactions will be # logged therein and *not* in this file. # CustomLog logs/access_log common # # If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive. # #CustomLog logs/access_log combined # # Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to # exist in your servers namespace, but do not anymore. The client # will make a new request for the document at its new location. # Example: # Redirect permanent /foo /bar # # Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to # access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot. # Example: # Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path # # If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will # require it to be present in the URL. You will also likely # need to provide a section to allow access to # the filesystem path. # # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts. # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that # documents in the target directory are treated as applications and # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the # client. The same rules about trailing / apply to ScriptAlias # directives as to Alias. # ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/local/apache/cgi-bin/ # # ScriptSock: On threaded servers, designate the path to the UNIX # socket used to communicate with the CGI daemon of mod_cgid. # #Scriptsock logs/cgisock# /usr/local/apache/cgi-bin should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.# AllowOverride None Options None Order allow,deny Allow from all# DefaultType: the default MIME type the server will use for a document# if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.# If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, text/plain is# a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications# or images, you may want to use application/octet-stream instead to# keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are# text.#DefaultType text/plain # # TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from # filename extension to MIME-type. # TypesConfig conf/mime.types # # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types. # #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz # # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this. # #AddEncoding x-compress .Z #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz # # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types: # AddType