compass详细使用手册.doc

1 COMPASS 培训教材 2 内容 术语术语 3 数据结构 3 公司 3 油田 5 井场 6 井 ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED 井眼轨迹 ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED 确认井眼轨迹 10 测斜 11 设计 ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED 图标图标 12 操作指南操作指南 13 创建公司 13 创建油田 14 创建井场 15 创建井 16 创建井眼轨迹 17 改变状态栏 18 设置新建测斜 19 输入测斜数据 20 从软盘或WINDOWS剪贴板导入测斜文件 21 测斜数据质量控制 22 DOGLEG 显示 22 变曲率 22 分析测斜数据 25 创建分析图形 25 绘制多重测斜 26 输入靶点 27 钻机补心高 28 超前设计 待钻井眼设计 29 超前设计 设计模块 31 测斜历史 34 3 定义 状状态态框框和和浏浏览览器器 状态框代表当前打开的数据项 公司 油田 井场 井和井眼轨迹 它也显示基准信息 在你输入测斜数据前 Compass必须确定测斜所属的井眼轨迹 公公司司 公司公司是 the organization calling the shots 公司能够按用户要求定义你的系统 例如你能定义 测斜计算方法 测量工具误差值 防碰扫描优先级 打开数据 数据基准信息 坐标原点 数据浏览器 数据查看 4 Company Survey Tool Errors Errors intrinsic in wellbore surveying MD cos I Survey Calculation Method Anti collision Preferences 公司设置公司设置 5 油油田田 许多平台或井场 如果一个油田下两个以上井有可能发生相撞 在油田井之间进行防碰扫描检查 Field Geodetic System Geomagetic Model 平台设置平台设置 6 平平台台 平台可能是 单井 从人工岛钻的一组井 从海上平台钻的一组井 0 0 N S 0 0 E W Site 7 平台设置平台设置 8 井井 井是指地面井位 井位于平台中心点或距离平台中心点北 东位移 Well 0 0 N S 0 0 E W 井设置井设置 9 井井眼眼轨轨迹迹 在井眼的轨迹是一个原始的地面井口或是侧钻 例如 如果一口井有一个原井和两个侧钻 那么这口井就有三个井眼轨迹 井眼轨迹剖面允许你以文件保存它们相应的测斜和设计井眼轨迹剖面允许你以文件保存它们相应的测斜和设计 参考确认的轨迹 Wellpath Definitive Wellpath Plans Surveys 井眼轨迹设置井眼轨迹设置 10 确确认认的的井井眼眼轨轨迹迹 井眼轨迹井眼轨迹 包含几种测斜 当进行防碰扫描 计算并不对应单个测斜 而是对应于确认的井 眼轨迹 所以当有高精度的测斜数据 及时更新确认的井眼轨迹是重要的 确认的井眼轨迹应该是测斜或测斜的组合 可准确地描述井眼轨迹的形状 如果你想追加测斜到确认的井眼轨迹 程序会问你是否要保存这个测斜到确认的井眼轨迹 此外 你可使用测斜历史编辑器随时改变确认轨迹的组合 例如原始井眼可能由MWD工具进行测量 一旦下完套管 陀螺可能重新测量同一井段 M WD 再测量下一井段 最后再用陀螺重新测量 Survey History The Definitive Path Story Definitve PathGyro 1 1st Hole Section Cased MWD1 1st Hole Section Open Hole Definitve PathDefinitve PathGyro FS 2nd Hole Section Cased Final Survey Gyro 2 MWD is the only data we have so it becomes the Definitive Path MWD replaced by a gyro survey The gyro survey becomes the Definitive Path MWD in next open hole section tied on to gyro to form Definitive Path 2nd Hole Section Open hole MWD2 Gyro run from surface replaces all previous surveys to form the Definitive Path 11 测测斜斜 测斜是一系列测点的读数 同一轨迹 井眼 下的观测点 用同一测量工具的观测测量点 随深度增加 但是如果你拥有原始井眼的测斜和侧钻眼的MWD 测量曲线 如何组合这两条测 量 最好的办法是分别保存测斜 再组合侧钻测斜到原井眼确认的井眼轨迹 Measured Depth Inclination Direction OR for inertial TVD N S E W Survey Observation Survey 设设计计 设计是井眼轨迹的理论形状 一种井眼轨迹会有多个设计 你最终决定要钻的井眼轨迹 称作主体设计 在设计设置屏幕的选择项中有一个主体设计标注 Click here to make the plan the Principal Plan 12 只要是设计就可以成为确认的井眼轨迹 并不局限于主体设计 13 工具条 Open Change current Company Field Site Well Wellpath Save Save an open survey Save an open plan Company Setup Company name Company Logo Anti collision models Separation factor levels Passwords Survey calculation method Vertical section convention Coordinate convention Survey Tools Edit the error coefficients of the survey tools Formation Tops Edit the depths of formation tops Casing Edit the depths of casing shoes Wellpath Setup Wellpath name Vertical Section Wellpath Type Vertical Reference Datum Well Setup Pick template slot Enter well offset from site center Datum Table Edit vertical datum references Template Editor Edit slot coordinates View picture of slots Site Setup Site name Site location coordinates Water depth Position uncertainty Magnetic declination Grid convergence angle Default vertical datum for site Field Setup Field name Geodetic System Common vertical datum for Field Local north Geomagnetic Model Annotation Edit wellpath notes for plots and reports Targets Edit targets Survey History Composition of Definitive Path Graph Setup Graph colors and fonts Plan view A view from above Elevation view A view from the side 3D View A 3 Dimensional view Active in WELLPLAN Send the current wellpath to WELLPLAN Geomagnetic Calculator Magnetic Declination Field strength Dip Angle Geodetic Calculator Convert between grid and geographic coordinates Reports Print survey reports Wallplot Composer Custom design hard copy plots Definitive Path Listing of definitive path COMPASS for Windows Icon Map 14 快速使用指南 创创建建公公司司 1 选择文件 2 选择创建公司 Click here to prevent unauthorised modification to the Company setting If the Company logo does not appear in this list then copy a bitmap image of the logo to WP CONFIG directory This password will be required to unlock wells wellpath surveys and plans Select the Company preferred survey calculation method This method will be used to compute all surveys under this Company This password will be required to unlock a locked Company setup This is beyond the scope of a quick reference guide and should be configured by your survey focal point See Online help for more information 15 创创建建油油田田 1 选择文件 2 选择创建油田 Click here to prevent unauthorised changes to the Field settings If uncertain select Flat Earth Used to convert latitude and longitude to map coordinates If the system you require is not displayed contact your Landmark representative The direction of the local N S axis See on line help for more information The selected model is used to calculate the magnetic declination The common vertical reference for all sites in the field Sets TVD referenced to the Vertical System Datum Sets TVD measured from wellpath datum eg Drill Floor 16 创创建建平平台台 1 选择文件 2 选择新建平台 Click here to prevent unauthorised modification to the site details Survey errors do not start accumulating until this depth This value influences the Anti collision results The accuracy with which the site has been positioned Applied nowhere within Compass It is displayed on plots and reports The difference between True North and Grid North If unsure seek advice from your survey focal point Default vertical reference for the site But remember each wellpath may have it s own datum The reference point for the site This point has local coordinates of 0 N S 0 E W May be defined by either of the four methods 17 创创建建井井 1 选择文件 2 选择创建井 Click here to prevent unauthorised modification of the well details If a template has been defined you may select one of the slots and Compass will fill in the N S and E W coordinates The distance from the site center in local coordinates For a single well these may be 0 N S and 0 E W 18 创创建建井井眼眼轨轨迹迹 1 选择文件 2 选择新建井眼轨迹 Click here to prevent unauthorised modifications to the Wellpath details If the wellpath is the original surface hole there will be no parent wellpath If this wellpath is a sidetrack there will be a parent wellpath If a sidetrack enter the depth at which it sidetracks from the parent wellpath The vertical section may originate at Slot well coordinates Site center see Site Setup A user defined point The vertical section angle may be defined by The last survey point on the Definitive Path By picking a target Entering the angle directly Each Wellpath may have it s own reference datum To add a new datum 1 Choose Edit 2 Choose Site 3 Choose Datum To add a new wellpath type 1 Choose Edit 2 Choose Company 3 Choose Wellpath Types 19 改改变变窗窗口口状状态态 1 选择对话窗口 2 右击鼠标键 该操作可改变当前公司 油田 平台 井和井眼轨迹 也可显示每个轨迹下包含的测斜和 设计 Click here to change to a different Company This Company operates just one field called Sample The Sample field contains two sites Alpha and Echo Were you to click here the Well List would display all wells in the site Alpha site This shows that wellpath E9S0 contains two survey the depth range of each survey and the type of survey tool assigned Wellpath E9S0 contains two plans Plan P1 and plan E9 P1 Plan P1 is the Principal Plan The Definitive Path for E9S0 runs from 0 to 5765 MD E9S0 looks like the original hole E9 ST1 is a sidetrack from E9S0 20 创创建建测测斜斜的的设设置置 在你录入测斜数据前 检查状态栏以确认测斜进入正确的公司 油田 平台 井和井眼轨 迹 参见状态栏的添充和状态栏的改变 一个好的方法是每当你输入或导入测斜要进行变曲率扫描以检查数据质量 参见测斜数据质量 变曲率法 创建测斜 1 选择测斜 2 选择新建测斜 Type of survey tool for this survey See Survey Tools for how to create and edit surveys Import survey from floppy disc To prevent unauthorised changes to the survey click here These three options are shown below Click here when done Tie on Point Options You may define all values for the tie on point Extracts the N S E W form the values entered in Well Setup When a definitive path exists for this wellpath enter a MD and Compass will interpolate the other values 21 录录入入测测斜斜数数据据 To delete a row click on the row number then press your keyboard s Delete key To Insert a row press the keyboard s Insert key When Input Validation is checked any Doglegs above this value will be show in red as a negative Dogleg From the last survey point project ahead to determine survey trends and limited plan ahead capability Interpolate the current survey by MD or by TVD Press the Enter key to move to the next field 22 从从软软盘盘或或Windows的的剪剪切切板板中中导导入入测测斜斜 1 选择测斜 2 选择新建测斜 Click here to Import a survey from floppy disc or from another Window application Click here when importing 3 values e g MD Inc Az 1000 1345 1 2000 5300 2 Click here when importing 3 values e g TVD N S E W 100 2 55 5 200 2 75 8 Click here when importing all 6 values MDIncDirTVD N S E W 1000 1345 1100 2 55 5 2000 5300 2200 2 75 8 Select the column order as required E g the following would be a Normal Survey with column order MD 1 Inc 3 Az 4 MDTVDIncDir 1001000 1345 1 2002000 5300 2 Import from disc Import from Windows Clipboard 23 测测斜斜数数据据质质量量 你可以通过Input Validation 输入评价 检查高狗腿或使用严格的变曲率方法来评价测斜数据质量 Dogleg Indicator Input Validation is checked and any Doglegs above 5 degrees are displayed as a negative value in red 7 32 dogleg shown in red 变变曲曲率率法法 进进入入变变曲曲率率 1 选择测斜 2 选择数据分析 3 选择变曲率法 变曲率考虑了井底影响 可消除测点间不连续的观测点和结果 如果将消除观测点表示为测点间的百分比 不连续值是消除的井底距离 例如 如果测点间隔是100ft 在井底可消除的测点就是5 为了帮助你过滤异常测点 你能够设置许可范围 在许可范围外的观测点将画成红色和输出到变曲率报告上 通常认为 如果非连续观测点大于2 即为异常 变曲率绘图将显示输入错误 如测点的误读 质量差的测点数据或误差高的测斜工具 24 Create a report Produce a graph of combined Inconsistency for each station Produce a graph of Inconsistency with errors resolved errors into Inclination and Direction 2D 变曲率图变曲率图 Use this tool to read off the MD and inconsistency values Despite being below the 2 threshold it is advisable to reexamine both these stations 3D 变曲率图变曲率图 3D变曲率图把非连续性分成高 低边 由于井斜误差引起 和左边 右边 由于方位误差引起 25 3 The inconsistency of the inclination The inconsistency of the direction value 26 分分析析测测斜斜文文件件 可产生测斜和设计绘图比较分析 例如 你可以绘制MD和井斜 方位的关系 多图叠加 可以比较同一井眼内不同的测斜 或绘制设计与钻进的关系 对应MD的狗腿比较代表套管磨损 或发生键槽地方 同时 对应TVD的狗腿代表地层难 钻 创建分析图形 首先打开你要绘图的测斜文件 1 选择测斜 2 选择打开测斜 3 选择需要的测斜和单击 下一步取决于你需要的绘图 在这种情况下 假设你要为当前测斜绘制MD和方位 TVD与狗腿的关系图 1 选择测斜 2 选择数据分析 3 选择分析图形 4 1 Click on the row 2 Click on the arrow to see a selection of predefined graphs 5 选择测深与方位的关系 27 你可以指定测深与方位的关系为第一张图 指定垂深与狗腿的关系为第二张图 但这都不是事先约定的 用户可以自定义 6 选择测深与方位的关系 7 1 Click here 2 Click here 3 Click here and select TVD 8 单击Y轴选定Dogleg Severity 9 单单击击 绘绘制制组组合合测测斜斜图图形形 1 选择 测斜 2 选选择择附附加加测测斜斜 3 28 Click here TWICE to include the survey named GYRO on the plot 输输入入靶靶点点 1 选择 Edit 2 选择Site 3 选择 Targets 29 Click here to show all the targets for the SITE Click here to show all the targets for the CURRENT WELLPATH Click here to select a shape then Edit Shape to enter the shape When entering the target TVD ensure that you have selected the correct reference datum Target location may be entered in any of these formats Assign a target from the Site List to the Wellpath List When you have finished entering the target data click here to ADD a new target Click here if you have changed something on an existing target 30 补补心心高高数数据据 1 选择 Edit 2 选择 Site 3 选择 Datum 你可以输入平台参考海拔 有关海拔数据是建立油田垂深标准 例如 在油田设置你可以 输入海拔的垂深数据以及数据表的地面高程 补心和井口高程 Permanent Vertical System Datum for Field For example Mean Sea Level or Lowest Astronomical Tide Ground level GL Casing Head Housing CHH Kelly Bushing KB 如想改变垂深设置 参见 油田海拔设置 31 超超前前预预测测 待待钻钻井井眼眼设设计计 首先打开现有的测斜或创建新测斜 1 选择测斜 2 选择打开测斜 3 选择测斜和单击 你可选用Project Ahead或设计模块来做待钻井眼设计 如何使用设计模块 请参见Plan ahead Planning Module Click here for Project Ahead 在你使用Project ahead时 请打开3D view 进行可视化显示 See Icon Map 32 Project Ahead有三个重要的作用 To Target 计算从上个测点到靶点所需的狗腿 Free Projection 打到MD或TVD所需要的造斜 扭方位或狗腿度 Back on Track 确定返回或退回设计轨迹所需的修正值 Determine what doglegs build and turn are required to get to a target from the last survey point Apply a projection using doglegs or build and turn rates Also compute the trend of the last few stations Use this when the wellpath trajectory has drifted off the plan If you have a Principal Plan for the wellpath Back on Track will get you back to the proposal The target point with the least drop rate or highest build rate The target point with the biggest dro