动词时态和语态

1 动词时态和语态动词时态和语态 一 一般现在时 take takes 1 概念 经常 反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况 2 时间状语 always usually often sometimes every week year month once a week on Sundays 3 基本结构 动词原形 如主语为第三人称单数 动词上要改为第三人称单数形式 否定和疑问结构 动词原形前加 do does don t doesn t 4 被动语态 is am are taken 2 二 一般过去时 take took 1 概念 过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态 过去习惯性 经常性的动作 行为 2 时间状语 ago ago yesterday the day before yesterday last week last year night month in 1989 just now at the age of 5 one day long long ago once upon a time in the past etc 3 基本结构 be 动词的过去式 行为动词的过去式 否定和疑问结构 动词原形前加 did didn t 4 被动语态 iwas were taken 三 现在进行时 take am is are taking 1 概念 表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为 2 时间状语 now at this time these days etc 3 基本结构 am is are doing 4 被动语态 is am are being taken 四 过去进行时 take was were taking 1 概念 表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作 2 时间状语 at this time yesterday at that time 或以 when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时 间状语等 3 基本结构 was were doing 4 被动语态 was were being taken 五 现在完成时 take have has taken 1 概念 过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 或从过去已经开始 持续 到现在的动作或状态 2 时间状语 recently lately since 自从 for in the past last few years so far It s the first time that have done etc 3 基本结构 have has done 4 被动语态 have has been taken 2 六 过去完成时 take had taken 1 概念 以过去某个时间为标准 在此以前发生的动作或行为在此以前发生的动作或行为 或在过去某动作之前完成 的行为 即 过去的过去 2 时间状语 before by the end of last year term month etc 3 基本结构 had taken 4 被动语态 had been taken 七 一般将来时 take am is are going to take will shall take am is are to take be about to take when 1 概念 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算 计划或准备做某事 2 时间状语 tomorrow next day week month year soon in a few minutes by the day after tomorrow etc 3 基本结构 am is are going to do will shall do 但是 如果在但是 如果在 if 等引导的条件状语从句和等引导的条件状语从句和 when 等引导的时间状语从句 等引导的时间状语从句 whatever 等引导等引导 的让步状语从句用一般现在式代替一般将来时 的让步状语从句用一般现在式代替一般将来时 4 被动语态 take am is are going to be taken will shall be taken am is are to be taken be about to be taken when 八 过去将来时 take 形式为 was were going to take would should take 1 概念 立足于过去某一时刻 从过去看将来 常用于宾语从句中 2 时间状语 the next day morning year the following month week etc 3 基本结构 was were going to do would should do 4 被动语态 take was were going to be taken would be taken was were to be taken was were about to be taken when 九 将来完成时 take 形式为 be going to will shall have taken 1 概念 在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态 2 时间状语 by the time of by the end of 时间短语 将来 by the time 从句 将来 3 基本结构 be going to will shall have done 十 现在完成进行时 take 形式为 have has been taking 1 概念 在过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直持续到说话为止 2 基本结构 have has been doing 3 十一 过去将来完成时 take 形式为 should would have taken 基本构成形式 should would have done 十二 将来进行时 take 形式为 shall will be taking 时间状语 at this time tomorrow 等 基本够成形式 shall will be doing 十三 过去将来进行时 take 形式为 should would be taking 基本够成形式 should would be doing 十四 过去完成进行时 take 形式为 had been taking 基本够成形式 had been doing 十五 将来完成进行时 take 形式为 shall will have been taking 基本够成形式 shall will have been doing 十六 过去将来完成进行时 take 形式为 should would have been taking 基本够成形式 should would have been doing 练习一 动词时态与语态 1 1 When I saw Mary she on the piano A is playing B plays C was playing D played 2 She the door before she goes away A had locked B is locking C has locked D was locking 3 A hunter is a man who animals A catch B catches C will catch D was catching 4 What if I drink this A happens B is happening C will happen D is happened 5 I will visit you if Father me A let B lets C is letting D will let 6 Look out That tree fall down A is going to B will be C shall D would 7 My uncle to see me He ll be here soon A comes B is coming C had come D came 8 They can t leave until they their work A did B are doing C have done D has done 9 Has he seen this film Yes He it several days ago A saw B has seen C had seen D was seeing 10 Now Mike isn t here He Mr Green s Perhaps he back in a few minutes A went to is coming B has gone to will come C has been to will be D is going to has come 11 That day he his clothes before he came to see me A has washed B washed C had been washing D was washed 12 I haven t finished my composition I for two hours and a half A have written it B have been writing it C wrote it D am writting it 13 I will take my daughter with me when I ShangHai 4 A go to B will go to C have been to D have gone to 14 This bright girl the truth in front of the enemy A didn t say B couldn t speak to C said D didn t tell 15 The bridge which last year looks really beautiful A was built B built C was set up D had been built 16 When school begin Next Monday A has B does C did D is going to 17 I will here till you give me some money A leave B not leave C come D return 18 I here since I moved here A will work B worked C work D have been working 19 Every time I there I will buy him something nice A went B will go C go D have gone 20 It was said that his father A has died B died C has been dead D had died 21 We won t go unless you soon A had come B came C will come D come 22 six years since I began studying English A They have been B it is C It was D There are 23 They the Summer Palace three times A have gone to B have been to C have been in D have gone into 24 How long haven t we seen each other Well it nearly two years since we last A is have met B was had met C is met D has been had met 25 Have you seen the art exhibition No there A it was not being held B they didn t hold C it had not held D they were holding it 26 Don t get off the bus until it A stop B will stop C stopped D has stopped 27 Where the recorder I can t see it anywhere I it right here But now it s gone A did you put have put B have you put put C had you put was putting D were you putting have put 28 They asked me to have a drink with them I said that it was 10 years since I a good drink A had enjoyed B was enjoying C enjoyed D had been enjoying 29 Don t come tonight I would rather you tomorrow A come B came C will come D coming 30 you A Do marry B Have married C Have been married D Are married 31 When he all the newspapers he ll go home A sells B has sold C will have sold D will be sold 32 This cloth well and long Ok I ll take it A washes lasts B is washed lasted C washes is lasted D is washing lasting 33 Hurry up you on the phone Oh I m coming Thank you A are wanted B are being wanted C want D are wanting 34 I see you but I didn t for I had no time A had wanted to B has wanted to C wanted D was wanted 35 I in Guang Zhou for six years by this October A have lived B was living C will be living D shall have lived 5 36 By this time next year he from the college A will be graduating B should be graduating C will have graduated D is graduating 37 Our teacher told us that the earth from west to east A turns B turn C has turned D had turned 38 My brother while he his bicycle and hurt himself A fell was riding B fell were riding C had fallen rode D had fallen was riding 39 Bill said he twenty one the next year A was going to be B was about to be C could be D was to be 40 It is high time you in bed now A are B were C will be D would be 41 After a while an agreement A was arrived at B was arrived in C was arrived D has been arrived 42 The air liner from Beijing at 3 00 p m A is about to arrive B has arrived C arrives D is going to arrive 43 that step is not safe A Look around B Look up C Look out D Look down 44 Have you him to give up smoking No I but he wouldn t listen A persuaded tried B tried persuaded C tried tried D persuaded persuaded 45 The research laboratory is going to the new type of computer to use A take B make C put D send 46 I don t know when he but when he I ll let you know A will come comes B comes will come C comes comes D will come will come 47 How much do you think that vase A is cost B used C was paid for D cost 48 I that he would be able to leave tomorrow but it s beginning to look diffcult A hope B had hoped C hoped D am hoping 49 Come on Peter I want to show you something Oh how nice of you I you to bring me a gift A never think are going B never thought were going C didn t think are going D hadn t thought were going 50 It s a nice flat but it a proper bathroom A haven t got B hasn t got C wouldn t get D doesn t have got 51 She had a shock when she heard the news A hadn t she B didn t she C wouldn t she D won t she 52 This liquid the salt at room temperature A became mixed with B was mixed by C mixes with D has been mixing by 练习二 动词时态与语态 2 53 An exhibition of paintings at the museum next week A are to be held B is to be held C are holding D will hold 54 I m sorry sir Your recorder isn t ready yet It in the factory A is being repaired B is repaired C has been repaired D hasn t repaired 55 Every possible means but none prove successful A has tried B has been tried C is being tried D tried 56 that they can pass the written exam this time A That is hoped B It is hoped C That hopes D It hopes 6 57 My little sister has broken my watch My watch by my little sister A is broken B has broken C have been broken D has been broken 58 He was cleaning his room when I entered the house His room by him when I entered the room A was being cleaned B was cleaned C was being cleaning D has been cleaned 59 I shall have Finished reading the novel by dinner time This novel reading by me by dinner time A will have finished B will has been finished C will have being finished D will have been finished 60 You ought to keep these three rooms clean These three rooms by you A are oughted to keep clean B ought to kept clean C ought to be kept clean D ought to have been kept clean 61 You are about to write a poem aren t you A poem by you A is about to be written aren t you B is about to be writing isn t it C is about to be writing aren t you D is about to be written isn t it 62 She had better leave a note to him A note to him by her A had better left B had be better left C had better be left D had better been left 63 He doesn t do his homework every day His homework by him every day A doesn t be done B aren t done C don t be done D isn t done 64 We must take care of our parents when they are old Our parents when they are old A must be taken care B must be took cars C must take care of D must be taken care of 65 People look down upon him because he is a liar He because he is a liar A is looked down B is looked down upon C looks down upon D looks down 66 Father will give me a dictionary on my birthday A dictionary me by Father on my birthday A shall be given to B will give C shall give to D will be giving to 67 We elected her leader She by us A is elected leader B was leader elected C was elected leader D leader was elected 68 People who live along this road receive their mail in these boxes Why are all of the A grey painted mailboxes B mailboxes grey painted C mailboxes painted grey D painted grey mailboxes 69 I saw him enter the room He the room A is seen enter B is seen to enter C was seen to enter D was seen enter 70 The question asked by him is hard A to answer B to be answered C to be answering D for answer 71 How sweet the music A sounds to be B is sounded C is sounded to be D sounds 72 In warm weather fruit and meat long A don t keep B cannot be kept C are not kept D are not keeping 73 He received a telegram Mother Sick A written B said C reading D writing 74 The classroom 30 feet long A measures B is measured C has D has length 75 Do you remember A how it is done B it how to be done C How is it done by D how to do 76 to have been rich A They say B It is said C He is said D That was said 7 77 Mathematics is difficult A to learn B for learning C to be learned D of learning 78 My hair is so long that I must go to a barber s shop and A have to cut it B have it cut C get it to be cut D to cut it 79 The pencil well A writes B is written C was written D writing 80 I can t see the blackboard very well Perhaps you need A to examine your eyes B to have your eyes examined C to have examined your eyes D to be examined your eyes 81 Where is the coffee table Tom just had it away A move B moving C moved D moves 82 Good medicine to the mouth A tastes bitter B tastes bitterly C is tasted bitter D is tasted bitterly 83 Which girl won the prize A By which girl is the prize won B Which girl was the prize won C By which girl did she win the prize D By which girl was the prize won 84 Where did you get that handsome picture It was by my father A given for us B a gift to us C given to us D a gift for us 85 A young hen is a chicken A named B known C spelled D called 86 How do