定语从句归纳范文

定语从句归纳范文 定语从句（t he at tr ib ut iv ec la us e）一什么叫定语从句？一个句子作定语就叫定语从句。 二定语从句的结构及种类1.结构关系词+主语+谓语+其它2.种类限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句三关系词的分类及关系词1.关系代词who，whom,whose,that,which,as2.关系副词when，where，why四关系词的功用1.起连接作用，引导定语从句2.在定语从句中作一个成分主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语。 五什么是先行词？被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。 六关系词的用法1.who当先行词是指人得名词或代词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选who。 TheboywhoisstandingoverthereisTom.HewhodoesntreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.2.whom当先行词是指人得名词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选whom.ThisisourEnglishteacherwhomeverybodylikes.3.whose当先行词是指人的名词，而且关系词在句中作定语时，选whose.Thisismydeskmatewhosefatherworksinafactory.当先行词是指物的名词，而且关系在句中作定语时，选whose.Westudyinaclassroomwhosewindowsfacetothesouth.4.that当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作主语时，选that.Thisisamachihatcanwalk.当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作宾语时，选that.另外，that可以省略。 Ilikethepresent(that)myfathersentme.当先行词是指人的名词，关系词也可选用that=who Theboythat/whoisplayingfootballontheplaygroundismybrother.5.which当先行词是指物的名词时，关系词也可选用which，它在句中作主语或宾语，which=that6.下列情况下，关系词只能选用that当先行词为不定代词something,anything,nothing,everything时IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?当先行词为不定代词all时Mr.Lidoesallthathecantodohisworkwell.当先行词被all,some,any修饰时TheseareallthethingsthatIhavedooday.当先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时Thisistheonlyputerthatheoftenturnstoforhelp.当先行词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时Thisisthecleaningroomthatyoucanseehere.time作先行词，前面有序数词或last修饰时ThisisthelasttimethatIllgiveyoupocketmoney.尽管先行词指人，但关系词在句中作表语时。 Heisnolongerthechildthatheusedtobe20yearsago以who开头的特殊疑问句，尽管先行词指人。 Whoisthepersonthatissittingontheground?当先行词包括人和物时。 7.下列情况下，关系词只能选which在非限制性定语从句中。 Thisismyfavoritepen,whichIboughtyesterday.先行词不是一个词，而是前面整个句子的概念时Theboyisverypolite,whichmakeshisparentshappy.当先行词指物，用“介词+which”ThisisthepenwithwhichIoftenwrite.8.as As引导定语从句时，有四种情况。 As在句中作主语，宾语。 as单独引导定语从句。 Asweallknow(=Asisknowntousall),YaoMingisafamousbasketballplayer.thesameas与一样Ihavethesameideaasyou.suchas和一样Dontreadsuchabookasyoucantunderstand.asas和一样Inthislibrary,youcanborrowasmanybooksasyoucan.9.where当先行词是指地点的名词，而且关系副词在句中作状语时，选where，where=介词+which Thisistheclassroomwherewestudy.尽管先行词是指地点的名词，但关系词在句中作主语，宾语时，只能选that/which.Thisisthefactorythat/whichmakespaper Thisisthefactory(that/which)wevisitedyesterday.尽管先行词是指地点的名词，关系词在句中作主语，宾语，但非限制性定语从句只能用which Thisistheschool,whichhevisited.theone是代词，代替前面的名词，其后的that/which往往省略。 Isthisfactorytheoneyouvisited?当situation,job,mark,race,point等模糊概念的名词，关系词在句中作状语时，选where Youdbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.尽管先行词是指地点的名词，关系词在句中作状语，但定语从句末有介词时，选which。 Thisisthelabwhichwedoexperimentsin.10.when当先行词是指时间的名词，而且关系副词在句中作状语时，选when，when=介词+which WewillneverforgetthedayswhenwestayedwithMr.Smith.尽管先行词是指时间的名词，但关系词在句中作主语，宾语时，选that或which。 Mondayisthedaywhich/thatesbeforeTuesday.Wewillneverforgetthedays(that/which)wespentwithhim.尽管先行词是指时间的名词，关系词在句中作主语，宾语，但非限制性定语从句只能选which。 Wednesdayistheday,whichesbeforeThursday.one作替代词，代替前面表示时间的名词，其后的that/which往往省略。 Thatwasanexcitingmoment,oneIwillrememberforever.time作先行词，前面有序数词或last时，只能选that。 Isthisthethirdtimethatyouhavebeenlateforschoolthisweek?11.why当先行词是指表示原因的名词reason时，如果关系副词作状语，选why，why=forwhich.ThisisthereasonwhyIdidntattendthemeetingyesterday.当先行词是表示原因的名词reason时，如果关系副词在句中作宾语，选that/which,也可省略。 Myparentsdidntbelievethereason(that/which)Igivehim.七介词+which/whom1.介词+which/whom介词的选择根据下面四种情况a.根据定语从句中的谓语动词Whoisthepersonwithwhomyoushookhandsjustnow?b.根据定语从句中的形容词InlearningEnglish,hehadtwothingsaboutwhichhewasnotsure.c.根据定语从句所修饰的先行词ThisisthebikebywhichIgotoschool.d.根据句意。 Thisisthetrainonwhichheworks.如果关系词指人，选whom，如果关系词指物，选which。 2.不定代词+of+which/whom常用的不定代词有both,neither,either(两者之一)，all,none,many,most,some,any Mr.Lihastwosons,bothofwhomarecollegestudents.Thereare10.000booksinthislibrary,mostofwhichareinteresting.3.数词，分词，百分数+of+which/whom Thereare50studentsinourclass,twothirdsofwhomaregirls.4.the+名词+of+which=whose+名词Hehasjustboughtamagazine,thecoverofwhich(=whosecover)ismissing.5.介词+whose+名词Thisisourschoolteachingbuilding,onwhosetopthereisaredflag.八非限制性定语从句如果主语和定语从句之间有个逗号，它就是非限制性定语从句。 引导非限制性的定语从句的关系词有which，who,when,where,why,whom,whose.九分隔性的定语从句有时定语从句和先行词之间被其他词隔开，把这种从句叫分隔性的定语从句。 ThedaysaregonewhenChinausedforeignoil.=GonearethedayswhenChinausedforeignoil.十Theway作先行词，引导定语从句的关系词有三种情况that,inwhich省略。 Idontliketheway_D_youdothings.A.thatB.inwhichC.D.alloftheabove十一.Oneof+the+复数名词+定语从句，谓语动词用复数，theonlyoneof+the复数名词+定语从句，谓语动词用单数。 Heisoneoftheteachersinourschoolwhoteachwell.Heistheonlyoneoftheteachersinourschoolwhoteacheswell.十二.在定语从句中，谓语动词的单数，复数依据它所修饰的先行词。 I,whoamyourteacher,willhelpyouwitheverything.Hewhobreakstheschoolrulesshouldbepunished.Thosewhobreakt