大学英语六级听力技巧.doc

外语下载中心 六级听力辅导大学英语六级听力技巧v 听力训练中需把握以下几方面的规律： (二)掌握节奏 合理安排时间v (三)听力是一种Paraphrase考试v (四)：听懂语调和重音v 英语和汉语一样，说话人通过各种各样的语调和重音的变化表达不同的意思。六级听力中，专业的录音人更是力求表演得真实，他们绝不会用平淡的语调表示自己的惊讶，也绝不会把重音放在无关紧要的词上。重读的每一处都具有提示作用。因而，从录音人的表现中就能推测出人物的心理活动、观点和态度。重音和语调是最为重要的线索。v 辨认录音人语调中的信息在听力考试中比听懂单个词更重要。 v (五)：不怕长段 听清重点v 听力的Passages部分经常被视为难点中的难点。但是，作为听力材料的文段绝不可能文学色彩很浓或学术气特别重，绝不该让没有专业背景的你听完了一头雾水，不知所云。有的考生说，要是把听力段落都变成阅读理解出题，就能全答对。这更说明，听力的段落并非难在文字上。大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析v 听力长段的选材集中在学校生活、家庭生活、娱乐、历史、地理和科普知识等方面。如果考生以提高听力水平为目的，则平时应多多注意收集这些方面的材料，不必太专业，掌握一些简单语汇，在考试中就能起到提示主题的作用。录音播放时，当脑中反映出了你所熟识的语汇，你必将感觉良好，信心百倍。大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析v 当你没有充分的时间准备时，请一定牢记，充分利用 Directions 的时间，集中精力阅读各个选项并提炼要点，至少要得到文段主题的大概范围，不要拖拉，只要看懂大概意思就行。在听题时，要注意逻辑关系，在相关的选项上做好简明的记号可以避免边听边忘。万一出现没有听清的一两处，根据上下文和你已掌握的信息选一个答案，马上看下一题的选项，及时进入待听状态。另外，听力长段的题目设置通常还有以下规律：大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析v (1) 第一题或最后一题最可能是主题题型!因为一般人都喜欢采用先概括后具体或先具体后总结的形式。v (2) 如果题目中有数字题，经常有不止一个选项在文中出现过。请在数字边标记其代表的意义!v (3) 你所听到的反复出现的词或句必与文段中心有密切关系!没听清的话就选你听到最多的!大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析v (4) (除非是数字题)没有听清某一句通常不会影响选对答案，从别处得到的信息也足够让你做出正确的判断。正确答案之所以为正确答案，是因为用它作答案有说服力，不仅严密，且与文段的多处对应。v 请考生铭记：v 段落越长可利用的信息越多，为防遗忘可简单做记号。但切不可拖泥带水!大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析v (六)：两种听写 做法相似v 复合式听写和听写填空是近年来比较时髦的题型。总体说来，听写和填空的取材与老题型(文章回答问题)相似，仍然围绕日常生活、科技发展、历史起源、人物回顾、文化娱乐等展开文段。 大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析考题仍然没有太强的专业性，但要求对某些词句的复述，这就产生了不同：除了抓住文章的内容主旨外， v (七)：针对题型逐个演练v 不管是对话还是文段，听力考试的提问可分主题题型、细节题型、推断题型和语言点题型四大类。从这一章开始，我们开始讨论各个题型的特点和对策。v (一) 主题题型v 主题题型是必考题型。这类题目要求考生概括一段话的中心意思或归纳话题。从选项可辨别主题题型。一般来说，如果四个选项全都是动词或名词词组或时态统一的句子，内容较为概括，则基本可以确定该题是主题题型。每篇文章后的第一题或最后一题是主题题型的可能性也较大。从提问方式看，主题题型都以“What”开头。比如：What are they talking about? What is this conversation about?大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析v 掌握主题题型要从整体出发，进行一定的归纳。选项如果阐述过细就排除，原文毫无体现的无关选项也要排除。既要全面又要精炼，这就是主题题型的答案。关键词也有助于归纳主题。尤其在对话中，给出的信息本来就不多，这时要注意上下文有重现的语汇。例v ( 二 )细节题型v 根据提问的具体内容，细节题型可分为：v i) 数字题v ii) 原因题v iii) 建议、计划及其步骤题v iv) 综合细节题大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析v 细节题型多种多样，但其共同点是测试考生对具体信息的把握。细节题型往往不需要归纳概括，但是，同样要注意paraphrase，拘泥于在选项中找某个词语或句式的重现最容易落入出题者设下的圈套。 大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析v (1)数字题v 经常出现，尤其是某篇短文的第一道或第二道题。要求考生在几组数据中辨认出所问的那一个，还经常需要进行一些简单的四则运算。数字涉及时间、电话号码、门牌号、货物的单价、数量、总计，乃至年龄和速度等，有时还混杂了发音或拼写相近的数字。v 在解这类题时，要集中精神听各个数字所代表的含义，可快速地做几个记号。例如大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析v v You will read:v A) $120. v B) $108. v C) $90. v D) $40. 大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析v 解题：120(1-10%)=108。v 故选B。v 用u 表示单价(unit price)，d 表示折扣，我们可以做如下记号：v A) $120. 3u B) $108. d C) $90. D) 40 uv 请考生铭记：v 当同类信息非常复杂时，请一边听一边把所得到的信息简单标记，这样可以理清思路，做到指哪“答”哪。英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v 在英语六级听力考试中，考生常常遇到以下两类题型，对这两类题型如果掌握它的解题要点，在考试的时候就会显得很轻松应手。v 一、时间与数字题型v 时间、数字和计算是听力测试中最常见的题型，几乎每年都有，而且题型也比较多。历年试题中虽然涉及的数字或数目并不多，但考生的答对率却不高。究其原因，一是对数字的表达方法不够熟悉，二是对技巧的运用不够熟练。 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v 卷面线索 v 时间题的四个选项一般都是表达时刻的数字，或是星期、年、月等词，偶尔会有介词后跟数字。数字题的选项则有可能为纯粹的数字或带有货币符号的数字。 v 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v 解题要点 v 一般来说，正确答案不会是直接听到的数字，而往往是在意思上与这相同或相近，或换了一种表达方式，或要求对听到的数字进行简单的四则运算。做这类题时，听清这些数字和它们之间的关系是解题的关键。这些数字之间的关系往往用“more/less, late/early, fast/slow, before/after”之类的形容词、副词或介词短语来表示，多为时间题。 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v A) 7：30 v B) 8：00 v C) 8：30 v D) 9：00 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v M： Could you tell me the timetable of the school bus? v W： Well, the bus leaves here for the campus every two hours from 6：30 am But on weekends it starts half an hour later. v Q： When did the second bus leave on Saturday? 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v 答案)。这是一道较为复杂的转换题。考生应听懂对话中的every two hours from 6：30和half an hour later两处，同时还要细心，捕捉到问题中的the second bus和Saturday。 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v A) 85. v B)70 v C)64. v D)31. 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v W：Have you heard about the air crash that occurred last Wednesday? v M：Yes The newspaper said six crew members and sixty four passengers were killed, and fifteen others were injured. v Q： How many people suffered in the air crash? 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v 这是一道简单的数字运算题，解题的关键是要听懂问句中的“suffer”一词，受害者应包括死者和伤者，故答案应为6+64+15=85，A)。 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v A) 6330872. v B)6380372. v C) 6338720. v D)6338726. 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v W：Sorry，Mr Smith is not in May I have him return your call? v M：Yes, thank you Im at 6330872Sorry Its 6338720. v Q： Whats the mans telephone number? 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v 这道题要注意的是电话号码在口语中的读法。6338720的最常见的读法是：six double three eight seven two zero (或o)。另外还要注意不要受干扰信息的影响，如本题中的6330872以及其后的话语停顿。英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v A) On the 6th of June v B) On the 8th of June. v C) On the 9th of June v D) On the 19th of June. 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v W： Id like to make two reservations one Flight 651 for June 8th. v M： Im sorry Weve booked up on the 8th But we still have a few seats available on the 9th v Q： When does the woman want to leave? 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v 答案为(B)。与上一题类似，本题是考察考生抗干扰的能力。对话中干扰因素有Flight 651和the 9th两个数词。考生还要理解两个词：reservation意为“预定”，而book up则指“订完”。此外，还要熟悉日期的不同表达方法。 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v 二、地点与方向题型v 在地点型试题中，有的地点在对话中直接提到，有的则需要根据对话内容来判断(这类问题一般是问对话发生在何处)，还有的则是两者兼而有之。 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v 卷面线索v 选项通常由(介词+)地点名词构成，提问可分为两种情况。第一种问对话发生在何处，选项的形式通常为表示方位的介词(如in, at等)加上一个地点名词构成；第二种问的是方向，选项的形式通常为表示方向的介词(如to, from, out of等)加上一个地点名词或者只有地点名词构成。 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v 解题要点： v (1) 首先要根据卷面线索判断出试题的类型。对于第一种试题，要重点听对话中的与特定地点有关的常用词或词组(即关键词)，例如听到reserve，check in，check out，room之类的词的话即可判断对话是发生在旅馆里，听到size，color，pay，discount之类的词即可判断对话地点是在商店等。 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v (2) 与方向有关的词和词组并不多，所提出的问题在形式上也可能比较简单，但是这类问题出现时，往往需要几经思考才能得出答案。在这类问题中，务必要注意录音中的内容细节，不要单凭从对话中获得的孤立信息来确定答案。建议在听音的同时用笔在纸上画一些草图以帮助理解。 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v (3)与时间题不同，有的地点题可通过逻辑判断猜出正确的答案，平时要注意这方面能力的培养。 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v A)At the Sun Valley. v B) At the Health Center. v C) At home v D) At Work. 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v M：Good afternoon This is Edward Miller at the Sun Valley Health Center Id like to speak to Mr Adams, please. v W：Mr Miller, my husband isnt at home I can give you his business phone if youd like to call him at work. v Q：Where is Mr Adams now? 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v 答案D)。本题表面是很简单，因为对话中有直接提示词At work,它与D)项完全相同。此外，his buisness phone(他的办公电话)也能给我们一定的提示。 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v A) At the airport. v B) In a travel agency. v C) In a hotel v D) At home 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v M： Ive just got back from the holiday you arranged for me, but I must tell you the hotel was really awful! It was miles from the sea. The food was awful too. The bedroom was dirty. v W： Sorry about that but its not really our fault. The contract does say that the hotel accommodation is not our responsibility v Q： Where is the conversation most probably taking place? 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v 此题对话中虽有地点名词出现(hotel)，但明显不是答案。本题考的是推理能力。根据hotel等关键词，可推断对话的话题与旅行有关。而从W的话中的arrange, contract等词，可以判断出这是一家旅行社(B)。本题说明，在听对话时，要对关键词特别注意，但又不能认为关键词就是答案。 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v A)In the side street. v B) At the crossroads. v C) On the main road v D) On the motorway. 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v 本题属于较为特殊的地点题，考生不仅要听懂对话发生的地点，而且要能理解I met the car came out at the side street这句语法上有错误的话并推断出在汽车撞上W之前，它正在the side street (A)中。其他选项在对话中都曾出现过，但它们都是描述W本人所在的位置，而非肇事车辆所处的位置。 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v M：Now, Miss, do you feel all right now? What happened? v W：Yes, Im fine now. I was just at the motorway I was driving along the main road when suddenly right before the crossroads I met the car came out at the side street I didnt see him until he hit me. v Q： Where was the car before it hit the woman? 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v A) In a court. v B) On the farm. v C) In a bank. v D) In a shop. 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v W： I just stopped by at your office in the bank. They told me that you had quit where are you working now? v M： I am working for a lawyer now.The pay is better and the work is much more interesting. v Q： Where did the man work before? 英语六级听力对话两种题型应试技巧v 答案C)。此题的关键词bank在对话中出现了两次，考生不但可以从女士的话(at your office in the bank,They told me that you had quit：),也可以从男士的回答(The pay is better than in the bank)中得出本题的正确答案。而a lawyer 仅仅是一个难度不大的干扰词，考生只要听懂now这一词就可以排B)D)两项与本题对话明显无关。听力技巧总结听力对话部分v 1. 强调词是答案所在：indeed; actually; v 2. 直传答案题：Why not.? What about? So do.? So am.? v 3. 转义词后为重： v 4. 否定即答案所在 v 5. 虚拟句处理： v 6. 有让步句，答案在主句： v 7. 最高级词处有答案： 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v 1. 强调词是答案所在：indeed; actually; v A) This apple pie tastes very good. v B) His mother likes the pie very much.v C)This pie cant match his mothers. v D) His mother cant make apple pies. 听力技巧总结听力对话部分v 1).W: What do you think of the apple pie? I made it myself. v M: Very delicious indeed. Even my mothers cannot match this.v Q: What does the man mean? (A)听力技巧总结听力对话部分v A) He needs another job as research assistant.v B) He asked Professor Williams for assistance.v C) He assists Professor Williams with his teaching.v D) He is doing research with Professor Williams学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v 2). W: John, are you doing research for Professor Williams this semester?v M: Actually, I am working as his teaching assistant.v Q: What does the man mean学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v A)Long exposure to the sun.v B)Lack of sleep.v C)Too tight a hat. v D)Long working hours.学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v M：My headaches are terrible.Maybe I need more sleep.v W：Actually, you need less sun and some aspirin. It would help if you wear a hat.v Q：What does the woman think is the cause of the mans headache?学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v 2. 直传答案题：v Why not.? v What about?v So do.?v So am.?学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v A Get some change from Janev BUse the womans phone.v C Go to look for a pay phone. v D Pay for the phone call.学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v M: Hi, Jane. Do you have some change? I have to make a call on the pay phone.v W: Pay phone? Why not use my mobile phone? Here you are.v Q: What will the man most probably do? 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v A Her car can stand any crash. v BHer car is not as good as his.v C Her car is maintained as well as his.v D Her car is kept in good condition.学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v W: The man at the garage thinks that I take good care of my carv M: So do I. I cant see any scratches on the outside and the inside, it is clean too.v Q: What does the man think of the womens car?v 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v A She is too busy to go. v BShe doesnt want to wait long.v C Shes willing to go swimming.v D She enjoys the wonderful weather.学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v M: Wonderful day, isnt it? Want to join me for a swim? v W: If you dont mind waiting while I get prepared.v Q: What does the woman mean?v 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v A)The woman should have complained to her neighbor.v B)The woman should stay out until the neighbors are quiet.v C)The woman should have stayed at the library. v D)The lab will be a better place for reading. 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v W：The people next door are making so much noise, I just cant concentrate, Tom.v M：Why dont you stay at the library? Its much quieter there.v Q：What does Tom mean?v 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v A)Check the figures later today. v B)Do the calculations again tomorrow.v C)Bring a calculator tomorrow.v D)Calculate the number right now学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v M：This is hopeless. These figures still dont add up right, lets do the calculations over again。v W：Yes ,but why not do them tomorrow? Its very late now.v Q：What does the woman suggest they do?v 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v 3. 转义词后为重：v A They go to the seaside. v BThey set off early.v C They go sightseeing. v D They wait for a fine day.学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分M: It seems that well have another fine day tomorrow. Lets go to the seaside.W: Ok, but well have to leave very early, or else well get caught in the traffic.Q: What does the woman suggest? 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v A.He watched television with his friend.v B.He stayed at home talking with his friends.v C.He went to see a film with his friend.v D. He went to see his schoolmate.学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v W: Did you see last night film on channel 4?v M: Well, I meant to see it, but a friend of mine came to see me. We had a nice longv talk about our school days. v Q: What did the man do last night?v 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v A). When the meeting is to be held. v B). Who are going to attend the meeting?v C). Where the meeting is to be held. v D). Whats to be discussed at the meeting.学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v W: Did you get the message about the meeting on Monday?v M: Yes, I did. But Im still not quite sure what the meeting is about. Not bad news, I hope. Q: What does the man wish to know most?v 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v A) The woman rejected the mans apology.v B) The woman appreciated the mans offer.v C) The man had forgotten the whole thing.v D) The man had hurt the womans feelings.学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v M: Juana, I am awfully sorry. I didnt mean to hurt you. Shall we have a beer and forget the whole thing?v W: OK, we can drop it this time. But dont do it again.v Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v A) The woman is meeting the man at the airport.v B) They are complaining about the poor airport service.v C) They are discussing their plan for Christmas.v D) The man is seeing the woman off.学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v W: Airports are sad places.v M: Sometimes, I guess. But well keep in touch. And I will fly over to see you with Christmas.v Q: What are the speakers doing? v 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v 4. 否定即答案所在v A) She has to post a letter instead.v B) She has to turn down the mans request.v C) Shes not sure if the computer is fixed.v D) She cant send the message right now.学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v M: Jessica, could you send this emails to all the club members?v W: Sorry, the computer broke down this morning. I will for you as soon as I have fixed.v Q: What does the woman imply? 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v A) She plans to go to graduate school.v B) She will drop out of school.v C) She will stop working and concentrate on her studies.v D) She will take a part-time job.学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v M: Are you going to return to your present job after the vacation?v W: No, I plan to graduate next semester. That means Ill have to be a full-time student.v Q: What will the woman do? v 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v 5. 虚拟句处理：v A)He is not very enthusiastic about his English lessons.v B)He has made great progress in his English.v C)He is a student of the music department.v D) He is not very interested in English songs.学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分W: Mr Jones,your student,Bill, shows great enthusiasm for music instruments.v M: I only wish he showed half as much for his English lessons.v Q: What do we learn from the conversation about Bill? v 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分A)She doesnt remember much about the city. B)Shes never been to the city.C)She would find someone else to help.D)She would talk to the man later.学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v M: To collect data for my report, I need to talk to someone who knows that small city very well. I was told that youd lived here for quite a long time.v W: Oh, I wish I could help. But I was only a child then.v Q: What does the woman imply?v 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v 虚拟的变体：v 1). If I had a new dress, I would go to the party.v A. I need a new dress. B. I didnt go to the party.v 2). If only our team had scored one more point.v Its too bad we didnt score the point.v 3). We would have done that earlier.v 4). It could be better here!学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v 6. 有让步句，答案在主句：v A)The man thinks traveling by air is quite safe. v B)The woman never travels by plane.v C)Both speakers feel nervous when flyingD)The speakers feel sad about the serious loss of life.学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v W：Have you heard about the plane crash yesterday? It caused a hundred and twenty deaths.I am never at ease when taking a flight.v M：Though we often hear about air crashes and serious casualties, flying is one of the safest ways to travel.v Q：What do we learn from this conversation?v 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v A)They both enjoyed watching the game.v B)The man thought the results were beyond their expectations.v C)They both felt good about the results of the game. v D)People were surprised at their winning the game.学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v (2) M：Though we didnt win the game, we were satisfied with our performance.v W：You did a great job. You almost beat the worlds champions. Its a real surprise to many people.v Q：What do we learn from this conversation?v 学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v 7. 最高级词处有答案：v A)It gives a 30% discount to all customers.v B)It is run by Mrs. Winters husband.v C)It hires Mrs. Winter as an adviser.v D)It encourages husbands to shop on their own.学英语四、六级听力技巧总结听力对话部分v v M：Mrs. Winter, I need your advice, I want to buy a dress for my wife, can you tell me where I can get one at a reasonable price?v W：Sure, go to Richards.It has the latest styles and gives a 30% discount to husbands who shop alonev Q：What do we know about Richards shop?v 六级听力辅导英语六级考试复合式听写题备考技巧 v 一、给分标准v 1. 36至43每题为0.5分。拼写完全正确的单词给0.5分，凡有错不给分，大小写错误忽略不计;v 2. 4446满分为2分，答出第一和第二部分内容且语言正确各得1分;英语六级考试复合式听写题备考技巧v 二、扣分标准v 1. 44至46题中有语言错误扣0.5分，每题语言错误扣分不超过0.5分，凡不得分部分如有语言错误不再重复扣分;v 2. 44至46题中凡有与问题无关的内容扣0.5分。v 英语六级考试复合式听写题备考技巧v 二、扣分标准v 3. 44至46题中如出现明显属于笔误造成的拼写错误和大小写、标点符号错误，不扣分;v 4. 用汉语回答问题不给分。英语六级考试复合式听写题备考技巧v 复合式听写(Compound Dictation)这一题型，比听力选择题更强调语言综合运用能力，考生不仅要具有良好的听的能力，还应具有较强的拼写能力，记笔记能力和书面表达能力，听的能力是复合式听写的基础。英语六级考试复合式听写题备考技巧v 在英语六级别考试中，考生在做第8-10个填空时，由于没弄懂题意，只想着全部听写下来，结果感到速度太快，记不下来。听写部分意思虽然理解了，也没用自己的话表达，白白地丢掉了好几分。六级别听力考试中，除了对话和短文的解题要点以外，做英语六级别听写部分时，还要根据听写题材本身的特点，采用一些不同的技巧。要做好听写题，必须所把握好以下几点： 英语六级考试复合式听写题备考技巧v (1)利用间隙，浏览全文，积极预测。 v 听写部分开头有一段较长的Directions，其长度