高考英语_历年高校自主招生英语试题集萃.doc

高校自主招生考试(英语)真题集萃一、(2009 年清华大学中英文综合)诗歌旅夜书怀(杜甫)：“细草微风岸，危樯独叶舟。星垂平野阔，月涌大江流。名岂文章著，官应老病休。飘飘何所似，天地一沙鸥。”将其翻译成英文，并解释诗歌的背景意义。二、(2006 年清华大学)以“你理想中父母和孩子的关系”写一篇l50 字左右的作文。三、(2008 年上海交大)对贫富差距加大的现象谈谈看法，写一篇250 字左右的作文。四、(2009 年中国药科大学)Directions：Read the following essay and put it into Chinese.As supplier of most of the food we eat and of raw material, for many industrial processes，agriculture is clearly an important area of the economy. But the industrial performance of agriculture is even more important than this. For in nations where the productivity of farmers is low, most of the working population is needed to raise food and few people are available for production of investment goods or for other activities required for economic growth. Indeed, one of the factors related most closely to the per capita income(人均收入)of a nation is the fraction(一部分)of its population engaged in farming. In the poorest nations of the World, more than half of the population lives on farms. This compares sharply with less than 10in western Europe and less than 4in the United States.In short, the course of economic development in general depends in a fundamental way on the performance of farmers. This performance, in turn, depends on how agriculture is organized and on the economic environment，or market structure, within which it functionsIn the following pages the performance of American agriculture is examined. It is appropriate to begin with a consideration of its market structure.五、(2006 年复旦大学)Passage 1An expert suggested that certain criminals should be sent to prison in their own home. When the scheme was first put forward publicly, many people opposed it or hand serious reservations about it. One very experienced social worker opposed the scheme in a television interview. When asked to explain the basis for his opposition, he thought for a moment and finally confessed,Well，I guess, because its new. Thats my only reason. Advocates of the scheme pointed out that courts frequently sentenced first offenders to community service of some kind rather than send them to prison. The stigma of having a criminal record was an adequate deterrent, and nothing positive was achieved by sending some types of convicted people to prison.Some critics rushed to take extreme cases. If a murderer is allowed free in the community like this, what is to prevent him from killing somebody else? This argument ignored the fact that nobody proposed to allow convicted murderers to use the bracelet system. One criticism putforward was that an offender could take off his bracelet and leave it at home or give it to a friend to wear while he himself wet off to commit another crime. The reply to this was that the bracelet would be made so that the computer would immediately detect any attempts to take it off or tamper with it.A most serious objection to the scheme was that the harsh life of prison was intended to bepart of the deterrent to crime. A prisoner who was allowed to live at home would suffer no particular discomfort and thus not be deterred from repeating his crime.No immediate action was taken on the proposal. It was far too revolutionary and needed to be examined very carefully. However, the idea was not rejected. Several governments appointed experts to investigate the scheme and make recommendations for or against it.1Peoples opinions are divided on the suggestion that .A. some criminals should serve their terms at homeB. social workers can express themselves on TVC. first offenders should be sentenced to community serviceD. old offenders should be imprisoned2A social worker opposed the proposal for the reason that .Ait is uniqueB. it is creativeC. it is novelD. it is out-of-date3. We can learn from the passage that the bracelet is supposed toA. keep the track of the offendersB. detect the offenders attempt of murderC. be worn for decorationD. be worn by offenders friends occasionally4. The supporters of the scheme will probably agree thatA. the hard life of prison may prevent some people from repeating a crimeB. the life at home is too comfortable for the prisonersC. high-technology should be deterrent to crimeD. imprisonment will not achieve much to some offenders5. The prospect of the advice is thatA. it will be put into practice immediatelyB. it will be declined by the governmentC. it will be further carefully looked intoD. it will be confirmed by appointed expertsPassage 2Dr Adams was tired and suffering from jet lag. His temper was not improved when he was told, on arriving more than three hours late at New Delhi, that his plane to Colmbo had already gone and that there would not be another until the next day. The airline staff were very sympathetic and assured him that they had already booked him into the best hotel in the city, to which the airline bus would take him straight away. In the meantime, they hoped that Dr Adams would take the opportunity of seeing something of their historic city.The only things Dr Adams felt he needed at that point were a bath, a change of clothes, a good breakfast and then a long sleep. The hotel was luxurious and very cool and comfortable. After he had eaten he pulled down the blinds to shut out the glaring Indian sun and then slept for most of the day. About 6.30 P.m. he dressed and went down to the hotel bar, where he got into conversation with another delegate to the Conference who came from Zambia and who would be traveling with him on the Colombo plane the nextmornin9. They decided to dine together and explore some of the sights and sounds of India at night.The journey to Colombo was completed without mishap and Dr Adams and his companion were met at the airport by the Conference Secretary, Mr. Mahaveli, who had been informed of their impending arrival by the airline. Mr. Mahaveli took them to their hotel, where many other delegates were already installed, and made sure that they had the programme for the opening session.On the morning of the second day of the Conference, Dr Adams read his paper, which was received with much interest. He was asked many questions by delegates in whose countries many of the problems he had discussed were commonly found. During the five days of the Conference he had opportunities to talk to agriculture experts from Jamaica, Kenya，Tanzania, India, Gambia， Australia and Nigeria and he also met some old friends who had previously been students at the Commonwealth SchoolHe heard from many of them how they were putting all that they had learned to good use and of the problems they were trying to overcome in their own countries.On his flight home Dr Adams could not help reflecting that the Conference had proved how valuable the sharing of information and experiences could be, as an example of true cooperationbetween the developed and the developing world.1. Which of the following statements of is NOT true of Dr. Adams?A. He was angry about his late arrival at New Delhi.B. He was due to arrive in New Delhi late at night.C. After dinner，he went out into the streets of New Delhi.D. He found long journeys exhausting and tiresome.2. All the delegates to the conference wereA. students of the Commonwealth SchoolB. from the developing countriesC. from African countriesD. agricultural specialists3. The phrase without mishap in Paragraph 3 most probably means “ ”.A. on the safe sideB. importance of conferencesC. sage and soundD. at ease4. The last paragraph of the passage was mainly concerned with .A. Dr. Adams opinion of the conferenceB. importance of conferencesC. an example of a major operationD. Dr. Adams belief in friendship5. The passage mainly tells the reader thatA. Dr. Adams was a keen sightseerB. Dr. Adams was a well-read expertC. Dr. Adams had a meaningful tripD. developing countries needed experts of all kinds六、(2008 年南京农业大学)I had an experience some years ago which taught me something about the ways in whichpeople make a bad situation worse by blaming themselvesOne January，I had to officiate at two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my communityBoth had died“full of yearsas the Bible would say；both yielded to the normal wearing Out of the body after a long and full lifeTheir homes happened to be near each other，SO I paid condolence(吊唁)calls on the two families on the same afternoonAt the first home, the son of the deceased(已故的)woman said to me, “If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow, she would be alive today. Its my fault that she died.”At the second home，the son of the other deceased woman said, “If only I hadnt insisted on my mothers going to Florida, she would be alive today. That long airplane ride, the abrupt change of climate, was more than she could take. Its my fault that shes dead.”When things dont turn out as we would like them to, it is very tempting to assume that had we done things differently, the story would have had a happier ending. Priests know that any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty. Because the course action they took turned out badly, they believe that the opposite course-keeping Mother at home, postponing the operationwould have turned out better. After all, how could it have turned out any worse?There seem to be two elements involved in our readiness to feel guilt. The first is our pressing need to believe that the world makes sense, that there is a cause for every effect and a reason for everything that happens. That leads us to find patterns and connections both where they really exist and where they exist only in our minds.The second element is the notion that we are the cause of what happens, especially the bad things that happen. It seems to be a short step from believing that every event has a cause to believing that every disaster is our fault. The roots of this feeling may lie in our childhood. Psychologists speak of the infantile myth of omnipotence(万能). A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it. He wakes up in the morning and summons the rest of the world to its tasks. He cries, and someone comes to attend tohim. When he is hungry, people feed him，and when he is wet, people change him. Very often，we do not completely outgrow that infantile notion that our wishes cause things to happen.1. What is said about the two deceased elderly women?A) They lived Out a natural life.B) They died of exhaustion after the long plane ride.C) They werent accustomed to the change in weather.D) They died due to lack of care by family members.2. The author had to conduct the two womens funerals prob