初中英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级.doc

初中英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级形容词比较级 (一)英语形容词比较级的构成 （1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级） 【例】原级 比较级最高级greatgreatergreatestsmallsmallersmallestcleancleanercleanest （2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级） 【例】 原级比较级最高级fine finer finestwide wider widest（3）闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er（比较级），-est（最高级） 【例】 原级比较级最高级bigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottestredredderreddest（4）以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。【例】 原级比较级最高级easyeasiereasiestearlyearlierearliesthappyhappierhappiestfunnyfunnierfunniest（5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。 【例】原级比较级最高级beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulpopularmore popularmost popular(5)不规则变化 原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbadworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest注意：形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示较不和最不 important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 (二) 形容词各等级的用法： 1、 原级（同级）：主语+谓语(系动词)+(not)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同或一方在某一方面不及另一方。Well give you as much help as we can. She isnt as(so)active in sports as before. This box is as big as mine.This coat is as cheap as that one.I study English as hard as my brother.2. 比较级：形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较, 可用状语much, a little, even等修饰。其结构形式如下:主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分，表示两者之间比 更。当than前后所使用的动词相同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词，可省略。He made fewer mistakes than I did. He is even richer than I. Our teacher is taller than we are.。It is warmer today than it was yesterday.This picture is more beautiful than that one.This meeting is less important than that one.The sun is much bigger than the moon.The+形容词比较级., the+形容词比较级.表示 越. 就越.。The more you study, the more you know.The more I have, the more I want.The more, the better.The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is. The more food you eat, the fatter you are. 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级 , 表示 越来越. 。Its getting hotter and hotter.Its pity he is getting poorer and poorer.The computer is cheaper and cheaper.The more and more people focus on the meeting next year.用比较级表示最高级。 John is taller than any other boy in the class. John is the tallest boy in the class. John is taller than :any other boy.约翰是班里最高的男生。如果在两者之间表示“最”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语。 John is the clever of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the clever. Which/who is +形容词比较级，A or B? 表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更”Which is nearer to the sun,the moon or the earth?表示倍数时，常用结构为“倍数+形容词比较级+than”或”倍数+as+原级+as”Our room is twice larger than theirs.Our room is twice as large as theirs.3、 最高级：形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of， in短语表示范围, In表示主语与表范围的名词不是同一性质,Of表示表示主语与表范围的名词是同一性质。It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened. He is the tallest of the three. She is the best student in her class.Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.This is the biggest apple I have ever met.Tom is the tallest boy in his